Ehi udders: a nkọwa, a Ọdịdị, na karịsịa omume ọrịa ọgwụgwọ

Oda akpọ mammary gland nke nne anụmanụ. All ruminants, tinyere nne ehi, ọ na-emi odude n'etiti thighs na ukwu ebe. Na nwanyi ehi, na ọ bụ ahụ kpụrụ mmakọ nke kasị nke abụọ ụzọ abụọ nke glands.

Ọdịdị nke ahụ oda

N'oge ah u, na ehi-ya ara ịmalite ịzụlite ọtụtụ ọwa. The ike nke oda nke anụmanụ nke afọ-eme ka elu connective na ọdụdụ anụ ahụ. Ke akpatre mgbe e nwere ọtụtụ obere pores (alveoli).

N'oge ime, a ehi obere ducts na ara na-mbụ ejikọrọ n'etiti, na mgbe ahụ na - na isi Nkea. Mgbe e mesịrị (na nkera nke abụọ nke afọ ime) na oda enwekwu nnọọ ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị pores. Na nke a, ya na abụba anụ ahụ na-amalite nwayọọ nwayọọ na-eji dochie glandular esịnede alveoli fọrọ nke nta kpamkpam.

Hibere, n'elu usoro na-isi na-egosipụta na-abawanye na ndị oda nke ehi. Ọ dịghị ihe mgbu na ụmụ anụmanụ na n'otu oge ahụ, n'ezie, na-adịghị. Nke a na-kọwara bụ isi eziokwu na ekpuchi Bovine mammary gland nke nne anụ bụ nnọọ na-agbanwe na ike ga-agbatị ukwuu.

Otú usoro nke guzobere nke mmiri ara ehi

The alveoli ehi n'oge ime amalite imubanye pụrụ iche nzuzo. Uma ya na dị iche iche nkebi nke gestation dịgasị. Nke mbụ, ọ bụ nnọọ colorless mmiri mmiri. Around ọnwa nke-anọ nke nzuzo na-aghọ acha. Mgbe e mechara, ya na agba mgbanwe mmanụ aṅụ, na mmiri mmiri anọgidesi - na viscous. Tupu ọmụmụ nke ehi oda-amalite na Nkea ama milked colostrum. Ọ na-anọchi anya a nnọọ viscous mmiri mmiri potassium nwere a oké ego nke protein, potassium, sodium, vitamin na dị ka. D.

Ịgbanwe mejupụtara nke colostrum-amalite mgbe banyere 1.5-3 ụbọchị. Nke a budata ebelata pasent nke protein n'ime ya, nakwa dị ka vitamin na Chọpụta ọcha. Mgbe ọzọ 6-9 ụbọchị, ọ na-converted n'ime mmiri ara ehi.

Nkebi ehi

Aka na mmepe nke mammary gland nke a ime anụmanụ dị mkpa oge ịhịa aka n'ahụ (banyere 6 ọnwa nke afọ ime). Nzọụkwụ mbụ bụ na-akụziri ehi oda stroking mgbe ọcha ahu. Na-asatọ, n'ọnwa nke gestation amalite ịhịa aka n'ahụ ara n'akụkụ elu. Next, na-akụziri a ehi na-emetụ ndị nipples.

Iji ekemende anụmanụ doilos ọma, ozugbo calving nye ya na-ekpo ọkụ na-aba n'anya ịwụ (1 n'arọ nke bran na 50 grams nke nnu kwa ịwụ mmiri). Nri ehi na-elu-edu hay ad libitum. A ụbọchị mgbe a mụrụ nke anụmanụ na ihe oriri na-enwekwu ego nke Ụtụtụ na biiti.

Isiokwu niile nke na-atụ aro na ụdi nwe-adịghị na-emeso ndị ehi oda. Animal ọma ga-ewe ọgbọ, na ga-enye a ọtụtụ mmiri ara ehi.

Gịnị nsogbu nwere ike ibili na mammary gland

Ọ bụrụ na ị na-emerụ ndị technology ọdịnaya nke ehi oda mgbe calving nwere ike ada ọrịa ezi kpọrọ. N'ọnọdụ ka ukwuu, a nsogbu si ehi nwe na-ezighị ezi nri anụmanụ ma ọ bụ ndị na-abụghị nnabata na ahụ ike ụkpụrụ na ọba. Ndị kasị Ugboro ọrịa nke oda ehi bụ:

• ọbara paresis;
• mastitis;
• ọzịza.

Ozugbo nchọpụta nke ọ bụla ara na ọrịa na anụmanụ ga-amalite ọgwụgwọ. Udders nke ehi maka ezi ihe nchoputa ga-akpa jide n'aka na inyocha na vetiran soja nwoke.

ọbara paresis

Ọ bụ a ọrịa nke oda emee Ọtụtụ okenye ehi (5-9 afọ), na-adịkwa, na elu-arụmọrụ. Paresis mgbe niile na-egosipụta na mberede mgbe banyere 12-72 awa mgbe calving. Ihe kpatara ya na-atụle ga a ụjọ nchegbu nwetara site anụmanụ n'oge na-amụ nwa. Isi mgbaàmà ndị na otú adịghị ike ehi, dilated ụmụ akwụkwọ, corneal clouding, mkpọchị bowel ọrụ.

Tupu mgbe postnatal paresis ọrịa e weere na-enweghị ngwọta. Nso nso a, Otú ọ dị, m chọpụtara na a na usoro na-enyere aka ngwa ngwa bulie anụ ụkwụ ya. Ọgwụgwọ usoro a gụnyere ịgbanye n'ime ehi oda (via nipples) ikuku site na -agba ígwè mgbapụta ma ọ bụ pụrụ iche ngwaọrụ Everasa. Nga nke ara, n'ezie, niile mmiri ara ehi milked. Ọgwụ na-emepụta dị ka ogologo dị ka oda anaghị agbatịnụ folds.

Mgbe kwesịrị ekwesị ekenịmde ọgwụgwọ nke ihe ịrịba ama nke mgbake nke ehi nwere ike ime n'ime ọkara otu awa. Ọ bụrụ na ọ dịghị ezi ihe mgbe 6-8 awa mgbe ogwu ogbugba, ọ ga-ugboro ugboro. Mgbe anụmanụ bụ n'ihu na-achọsi ike iji napụta enema. Mgbe ụfọdụ, kama nke ikuku n'oge ọbara paresis nke oda nke nwanyi ọrịa agbara ehi mmiri ara ehi si ike ehi.

Mastitis na ya ọgwụgwọ

Ọrịa a pụtara na ehi mgbe ruru ka mismanagement nke milking. Mgbe ụfọdụ, ihe na-akpata mastitis adaa ogbenye na-elekọta ndị oda (oyi dee mmiri n'ala n'ọba, unyi). Metụtara nanị akụkụ ụfọdụ ọrịa mgbe nanị otu ma ọ bụ abụọ ebe nke mammary gland nke anụmanụ. Ọ nwere ike ikpebi na-esonụ mgbaàmà:

• mbufụt nke oda na ọnụnọ na ya nke akàrà;
• ozizi;
• agbanwe agba nke oda;
• dịkwuo anụmanụ ahụ ahu okpomọkụ;
• nhọrọ si nje nkeji iri na ise ma ọ bụ viscous afụkọ weere na ọbara na abu.

Na-emeso mastitis ndị a ozugbo akpa nchọpụta nke ya atụmatụ. Veterinarians emekarị idepụta ọgwụ nje na ehi na pụrụ iche ego bu n'obi na-alụ ọgụ na ọrịa a. N'out oge na ogwu ogbugba nke ehi oda na massaging oge sdaivat mmiri ara ehi na ya.

E nwere ndiife ụzọ nke ọgwụgwọ nke mastitis na ehi. Ụfọdụ nwunye na-mmasị ka udders nke a na-arịa ọrịa ụmụ anụmanụ bandeeji na grated carrots na shredded kabeeji akwukwo. Ọ na-kweere na ihe ọma enyemaka si mastitis na mpikota onu na vodka. Ọzọkwa ezi ndiife usọbọ maka ọgwụgwọ nke starch bụ ude na ihe oriri na mmanụ.

ọzịza nke oda

Nke a na ọrịa nwere ike ime ka ụmụ anụmanụ tupu parturition, na mgbe ya. Edema bụ egosiwokwa abawanye na size nke oda na ya akara anụ. Mgbe ụfọdụ, ihe ngwọta na-agbasa ọbụna na afọ ndị na-ehi. Ọtụtụ mgbe a na ọrịa emee na heifers. Ya isi na-akpata na-na-unyi eji ehi ura na oke nnukwu ego nke ọgaranya ndepụta ke nri. Ọ bụrụ na ndị ehi oda aza, ọgwụgwọ kwesịrị ịmalite ozugbo. Mammary gland dị otú ahụ na ọrịa na-adabere oge aka na lubricated na vaseline.