Elu na-agba ígwè. Ya Njirimara na nhazi ọkwa

N'oge, elu-ọsọ ígwè aga n'ihu na-na-eduga ihe maka mmepụta nke dị iche iche na metal nozzles na a ọnwụ ngwá ọrụ. Dị otú ahụ alloys na-ugboro ugboro ji ke imewe nke igwe ịwa nkume, u, na u arụ ọrụ isi. N'agbanyeghị pụtara ugbu a dịgasị iche iche nke ụdị nile nke sikwuo carbide na seramiiki mejupụtara ihe na-enye ọbụna karị nhazi arụmọrụ, elu-ọsọ ngwá ọrụ steels ike jide ha ọnọdụ.

The nile iji dị otú ahụ alloys n'ihi na mmepụta nke mgbagwoju na-egbutu ngwaọrụ ruru a Nchikota nke elu ike (ruo 68 HRC) na thermal kwụsie ike (na ha anaghị ida ha na-arụ ọrụ Njirimara ọbụna na okpomọkụ nke 650 ° C) na a elu viscosity uru, anya-uku na nke maka carbide mejupụtara ihe . Ọzọkwa, elu-ọsọ ígwè nwere oké elu ime mgbanwe, nke pụtara mma workability na ọnwụ usoro nsogbu.

Gịnị Njirimara ga nwere ihe dị otú ahụ alloy bụ dabere na alloying ọcha. A, elu-ọsọ ígwè bụ a multicomponent usoro nwere chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, na vanadium. Ọnụnọ nke ndị dị iche iche mmiri, nakwa dị ka ha ọdịnaya na pasent okwu gosiri na labeling. Letter P n'ime ebe a pụtara na ígwè bụ a elu na-agba, ndị sochirinụ na nọmba na-egosi na tungsten ọdịnaya pasent. Ọzọkwa letters ịpụta ọnụnọ nke ọzọ alloying ọcha, na nọmba na-abịa mgbe ndị ozi ahụ akwụkwọ - ha pasent ibu nta na alloy. N'ihi ya, akwụkwọ ozi ahụ M na-egosi na ọnụnọ nke molybdenum na usoro, F - vanadium K - cobalt, A - nitrogen.

Dị ka ọdịnaya nke dopants ọsọ ígwè nwere ike nkewa tungsten, molybdenum, tungsten na molybdenum. A pụrụ iche otu ekenyela ọla alloyed na cobalt. Dị otú ahụ alloys na-na-na-eji na imewe nke ngwaọrụ nke machining siri akụkụ nke superalloys. Elu na-agba ígwè, alloy vanadium tumadi bu n'obi n'ihi na mmepụta nke ngwaọrụ a na-akpọ "finishing" risịrị - broaches, reamers na ndị ọzọ.

The kasị nkịtị na eleghị anya ndị kasị ochie ika nke elu-ọsọ ígwè P18 na-eji maka imewe nke mgbagwoju ekara na threading ngwaọrụ. Pụtara na fọm maka elu àgwà nhazi nke metal na-mere ukwuu n'ime nke P9 ika alloy. Site na ọ na-eme mills, egbutusị na dị ka.

Site na-arụ ọrụ okpomọkụ ọchịchị ọsọ steels na-ekewa atọ ige: alloys na nkịtị, elu, na elu na okpomọkụ na-eguzogide. Iji ìgwè nke mbụ bụ nke tungsten (R18, R9) na tungsten-molybdenum (R6M5). A akara na-eji ke nhazi nke na-abụghị ferrous ọla, bughi steels tubà ígwè.

N'ihi na ihe nke abụọ, Atiya e ji a nnọọ elu ọdịnaya nke cobalt, vanadium na carbon. The kasị ewu ewu na ika na otu - R6M5F3. Vanadium ígwè e ji akwa wear eguzogide. Ha na oké njọ drawback - ọjọọ sanding, n'ihi na ekweghị ekwe nke vanadium carbides bụ abụghị usụhọde yiri egosi elektrokorundovogo egweri wheel.

N'ikpeazụ, nke atọ na udi nke ígwè e ji ala pasent nke carbon ọdịnaya, na-eme ha kwesịrị ekwesị maka ọgwụgwọ nke okpomọkụ na-eguzogide, igwe anaghị agba nchara na titanium alloys. Ọzọ e ji mara atụmatụ nke ha - a ukwuu nke alloying ọcha. Iji otu a na-agụnye ndị dị otú ahụ ụdị dị ka 3V20K20H4F, V11M7K23 et al.