"Formation nke Soviet steeti" table. Formation nke Soviet steeti: mkpirikpi banyere isi

Formation nke Soviet steeti, table nke isi nzọụkwụ nke ga-emere ke ibuotikọ malite na Nke abụọ Congress. Ọ e nwere na a dị mkpa. Petrograd bụ mgbe ahụ na-aka nke ndị insurgent nkịtị na-arụ ọrụ. Na nke a, na Winter Obí, nke-anọ n'ime obere ọchịchị, nọgidere uncaptured. Nke a na ozi a maara site izugbe ihe ọmụmụ ụlọ akwụkwọ. The izi "History (mezuwo 9)" guzobe nke Soviet steeti a kọwara na a zuru ezu abịakọrọ. Pụta ìhè isi ihe nke usoro n'usoro ha si mee, ọ atụlekwa bụla Inye ego mmiri oyi onu. Ọzọ, tụlee atụmatụ na-eso guzobe nke mba Soviet. ha analysis ga complemented a nchịkọta nke isi ihe.

nke mgbanwe

N'abalị nke 24th bụ a akụkọ ihe mere eme nsogbu nke October 25, 1917. Idu ndú ya e rụrụ si Smolny Institute. Agha, ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri, bụ ndị kwadoro na Bolsheviks, enweghị ọtụtụ ihe isi ike nwere isi ọnọdụ ke obio. October 25 na 2:35 na n'ụlọ mgbakọ malitere nzukọ mberede na Smolny. Ọ Lenin kwusara na mgbanwe a rụzuru.

Formation nke Soviet ala: a nchịkọta nke ihe (ọkwa 9)

Nzube nke ọmụmụ: ka mara ụmụ akwụkwọ na e ji mara na ya pụta nke usoro.

ebumnobi:

1. Emepe emepe nkà ọzụzụ ederede, nyochaa ya ike na-mere na ndabere nke ya atụmatụ.
2. Development nke nkwurịta okwu na ikike nke ọnụ na mmekọrịta.
3. Formation nke imewe nkà okwu.

Mode nke ọmụmụ: otu.

Ụdị ọrụ: a ihe na-amụta ihe ọmụma ọhụrụ.

Key nkà emejuputa n'oge ọrụ:

• Nkwurịta okwu.
• Nhazi.
• The eme nke otu.
• Ikike nke absorption nke ihe onwunwe.

Equipment: handouts, nrịbama, akwụkwọ, akwụkwọ, akwụkwọ ọgụgụ, ese "Formation nke mba Soviet."

atụmatụ:

1. Mepụta ọchịchị. Mkpochapu na klas na mba inequality.
2. Union of Socialist-okpuru na Bolsheviks. The Third Congress of Soviet.
3. Akụkụ nke management n'ubi.

The mbụ akwụkwọ management

Ka ọ na kwalitere arịrịọ nke abụọ Congress ndị nkịtị, ndị agha na ndị ọrụ. Nke a akwụkwọ e kuchiri October 25, 1917-nke. The mkpesa e kwuru guzobe nke mba Soviet. Na nkenke, ka akwụkwọ akụkọ ike ọchịchị ọhụrụ na mba. Na nke a mkpesa anyị chepụtara isi ntụziaka nke anụ ụlọ na ndị mba ọzọ amụma. Karịsịa, tie mkpu, sị:

• World.
• Onyinye nke ala nkịtị.
• The democratization ndị agha.
• The mmeghe nke na-arụ ọrụ 'na-achịkwa mmepụta, na otú pụta.

All isi ihe ndị a na-esote ụbọchị e kpọmkwem na emejuputa atumatu ke akpa iwu na "Earth" na "The World". Ọzọ akwụkwọ e guzobere mbụ ọchịchị. The na-achị achị Congress e kwuru banyere guzobe nke nwa oge ọrụ 'na nkịtị' ahụ, bụ nke e nyere aha nke Council of Ndị mmadụ Commissars. Special Ụlọrụ na-tasked na management nke onye ndi nke mba ndụ. The mejupụtara nke ndị a ozu kwesịrị ịgba mbọ hụ na mmejuputa usoro ihe omume mara ọkwa na Congress. Formation nke Soviet malitere na oruru nke Ndị mmadụ Commissariats:

• Labor.
• Ugbo.
• Military na naval omume.
• Trade na Mmeputa.
• Finance.
• Of Education.
• Foreign Affairs na ndị ọzọ.

The Central na elu Ọdịdị

Ha kpebisiri ike na n'ihu mmepe nke mba Soviet. The All-Russian Congress e kwusara dị ka ihe kasị ahu. Ya iwu bụ na-edozi ihe ọ bụla nke metụtara management nke mba. Congress kpụrụ VTsIK (Central Executive Committee). O nwetara ikike kasị n'etiti congresses. VTsIK kpụrụ a proportional onodi nke otu fractions. Akụkụ mbụ bụ 101 òtù. N'ime ndị a, 62 - na Bolsheviks, 29 - na Left SRs, 6 - Menshevik-Internationalists, 3 - Ukrainian socialists na otu SR-maximalist. Onyeisi oche nke Kọmitii aghọwo nkume. Dị ka Central ikike bụ CPC. Ọ na-aga site Lenin. The kpọmkwem nke ọhụrụ ọchịchị bụ ikpokọta Executive na omebe iwu ọrụ.

N'ihi ya, guzobe nke Soviet steeti, njikwa na ike e kwusara Second Congress. Ọ chepụtara izugbe ụkpụrụ nke nzukọ na mmalite nke a ọhụrụ ndutịm usoro.

The ọrụ nke Left SRs

Mgbe ọdịdọ nke ike site Bolsheviks chọrọ mụbaa na-elekọta mmadụ isi. Iji mee nke a, ha na-enwe okwu na-eduga na Left SRs na ọnọdụ n'okpuru nke ikpeazụ a ga-gụnyere na CPC. N'otu nzukọ nke Central Executive Committee na n'oge November, a ikwere nakweere mkpebi. Na ya mesiri ike na eziokwu ahụ bụ na socialist ọzọ nke nkwekọrịta-ekwe omume nanị ma ọ bụrụ na ndị ude nke abụọ Congress dị ka nanị isi iyi nke ike, ọchịchị ọhụrụ usoro ihe omume na ụdị nke na ọ na-kwupụtara iwu. Na December, na mkparita uka biri, na ya pụta bụ a mmekota ọchịchị. The mmekorita na Socialist-okpuru mere oké onyinye guzobe nke Soviet ala, karịsịa na mbụ ọnwa mgbe mgbanwe. Na kpọmkwem òkè nke mepụtara na mma a nkwupụta na ikike nke emegbu ndị mmadụ na-arụ ọrụ nke atọ Congress. Akwụkwọ a kpọsara Russian Soviet Republic. The Socialist-okpuru ọnụ na Bolsheviks otu olu tozuru oke njedebe nke-eme nke ahụ Constituent Assembly. Mkpebi a tutu amama anụmanụ na ihe mgbochi, slows ala guzobe nke mba Soviet. Na nkenke, n'otu na Social okpuru kwere dozie isi management nsogbu - ikpokọta ndị nnọchiteanya nke na-arụ ọrụ 'na agha nnọchiteanya. Nke a mmakọ a na-atọ Congress na January 1918, ebe ọhụrụ mejupụtara nke Central Executive Committee e kere. Ọ e gara site 129 160 SRs na Bolsheviks. Otú ọ dị, nke a na mmekorita ha ruo ogologo oge. N'oge na mgbe Brest udo e ratified, ma SRs megide. N'ihi ya, ke ufọt ufọt March 1917, ha hapụrụ ọchịchị. Na July, ndị Social okpuru nnupụisi, nke Otú ọ dị, ngwa ngwa igbochi. Union ọdịiche egosiputa Filiks aa na otu, bụ nke mere ka uto nke obodo esemokwu. Mmegide a, n'ezie, ekpe ya akara na guzobe nke mba Soviet.

ndutịm ngwa

Ọgwụgwụ nke 1917 - mmalite nke 1918 si. akara nnọchi nke mbụ ọchịchị na ndị ọhụrụ. Kere ngwaọrụ commissariats na ndị ọzọ na ndutịm owuwu. Ke mbubreyo October 1917, ndị ọrụ 'na nkịtị' agha e guzobere. Ọdịdị nke ahụ CPC sonyeere Cheka - ọrụ emezu agha megide sabotaji na counter-mgbanwe. Ná mmalite December 1917, e guzobere Economic Council. Nke a aru ka aku oha nke mba site na nchikota nke ẹdude aku Commissariats. Na mgbakwunye na ndị uwe ojii na ndị Cheka, dị ka integral akụkụ nke mba ọhụrụ ndị agha mmiri na ndị agha.

Njirimara nke ọchịchị ọhụrụ

The Bolsheviks dabeere na-ele ihe anya nke ndị ndú ya. Mgbe n'iji ike, ha na-ewere a mkpa imebi ochie ala igwe. The Bolsheviks kweere na akara usoro nke ochie na-apụghị idozi nsogbu nke ọnwụ onu modernity. N'otu oge, ha nwere ike iche puru nke ichebe na ụdi ojiji nke ụfọdụ ọcha nke ochie ndutịm ígwè. Nlekọta inexperience nke ahụ ọhụrụ e ụgwọ atụrụ site nzukọ nkà na amamihe ịnụ ọkụ n'obi. The na-ede n'akwụkwọ na nnọọ Ọdịdị nke ahụ commissariats e ezigbo di iche iche nke na-eru nso ka mmejuputa ndutịm aga-eme. Ọ bụ a na-abụghị ndị na-adịgide adịgide na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị ahụ ọhụrụ. Ụfọdụ Commissariats ejikwara 2-3 ọnwa.

Karịsịa oruru ndị ọchịchị obodo

Ọ mere na a udo ụzọ, na-ebu suppression nke counter-mgbanwe. Legal kpuchie iwepụ ike nke na-anọchite anya ndị nke mbụ ọchịchị ẹdude ke n'elu ọgwụgwọ, kwusara nke abụọ Congress. The district na n'ógbè obodo, ntughari ka ọchịchị ọhụrụ dịtụ enweghi mgbu. Nke a bụ n'ihi na eziokwu na Central ọchịchị izipu ha na-anọchite anya. Dịtụ ọzọ mgbagwoju anya ahụ ka ọ na Zemsky management. Nke a bụ n'ihi na ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ndị isi obodo.

Obodo Councils, na-enweghị ike iji dochie mepere emepe na n'ime ime obodo Ọdịdị, na-agbalị iji ha n'idozi kasị akpa arụmọrụ na obodo okwu. Eduzi ndị a ozu SRs na Bolsheviks (agbaji otu).

generalization nke ozi

ọzụzụ N'ezie akọwara n'elu, isiokwu ya bụ "Formation nke Soviet ala (mezuwo 9)." The table n'okpuru achikota akụkọ ihe mere eme data.

ọgwụgwụ

The Central ọchịchị na-elekọta nke na ozugbo na ị nwere ike na-agbasa ya mmetụta na ubi. N'oge mbụ n'ọnwa ahụ, na Council nwere a dịgasị iche iche nke ike. Ha na-akwado na ndị agha. Na April 1918, e mma site a iwu, dị ka nke onye-isi commissar e zigara n'ụlọ ọgwụ, oru, nkeji, ebuka na onwunwe ebuka.

N'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ, obodo councils enweghị a mgbe nile nkwurịta okwu na Central ọrụ. Nke a ka ha nwee ike zuru nna ukwu ha meworonụ.