General Vatutin. Vatutin Nikolay Fodorovich - Soviet Union dike

Vatutin Nikolay Fedorovich A mụrụ 1901, 16 December, n'ime obodo nke Chepuhino (ugbu a n'obodo nta Vatutine dị na Belgorod region). Ọ a mụrụ a nnukwu oru ugbo ezinụlọ, nke, na mgbakwunye na Nicholas, e nwere ụmụ asatọ. Biography Vatutina Nikolaya Fedorovicha ga-atụle n'isiokwu a.

Future general nwata chọsiri ike ịmụta na nna ha ukwu aggressively. First Vatutin Nikolay Fedorovich gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ dị n'obodo, nke bụ nke mbụ na-eso ụzọ Jizọs, na mgbe - na ukpono zemstvo ụlọ akwụkwọ dị na Valuyki. Nikolai Fedorovich ọma gafere n'ọnụ ụzọ ule ke azụmahịa ụlọ akwụkwọ nke Urazovo, ebe ọ na-arụ ọrụ ịdị uchu, na-anata a obere stipend si zemstvos. Nikolai Vatutin mụọ na Commercial School naanị 4 afọ. Ihe kpatara ya bụ na mgbe a agaghịkwa akwụ ụgwọ a stipend, na ọ na-amanye ka ha laghachi ala nna ya obodo.

Baptism ọkụ

Nicholas, na ha lọtara, ọ malitere ịrụ ọrụ na parish osisi. Ozugbo n'ime obodo, Soviet ike e guzobere, ọ, mgbe ọ ka na-eto eto nke iri na isii, dị ka otu n'ime ndị kasị gụrụ akwụkwọ bi n'ime obodo nyeere aka rutere onwunwe ngalaba nke ndị nkịtị. M ama ma tụgharịa Nicholas na 19 afọ mgbe ọ ghọrọ onye Red Army. Baptism ọkụ Vatutin nakweere September 1920, mgbe ọ na-abuana ke ada itie ke distrikti nke Lugansk na Starobelsk-agha Makhno. N'agbanyeghị nke ahụ, o gosiri na ya a akọ, obi ike fighter.

Nikolai Vatutin ke 1922 gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Poltava bipu akwụkwọ, na-ekere òkè n'agha ma ọkpọ megide òtù ndị omempụ. N'otu afọ o sonyeere n'ohu ahụ RCP (B). Mgbe mba dajụọ agụụ, ọrịa ọgbụgbọ na ọnyụnyụ nakwa ọrịa ịba mmadụ nwụrụ, e wezụga enwere a oké ọkọchị, tinye ize ndụ ka ndị bi na 1921. Agụụ gburu nna na nna nna nke Nicholas, nakwa dị ka ya nwoke tọrọ, Egor.

Promotion

Biography Vatutina Nikolaya Fedorovicha na-esonụ afọ ji ihe ndị a. Vatutin mgbe bipu School na-ndinọ na bipu ndi agha ọchịagha nke ngalaba, mgbe ahụ, - ọchịagha nke a platoon. Ọ na-emeziwanye agha ihe ọmụma, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1924 si Kiev elu jikọrọ agha akwụkwọ. Mgbe ahụ Nikolai Fedorovich iso ya akwụkwọ na ndị Frunze Military Academy (na 1926-29 afọ). Vatutin e dechara ya e zigara ka odude ke Chernigov bipu Division n'isi ụlọ ọrụ. Ọ na-aghọ 1931 isi dị na Ordzhonikidze Staff Mountain Division. Mgbe ọrụ afọ abụọ mgbe e mesịrị ọzọ zigara Academy. Frunze, ugbua arụmọrụ ngalaba. Vatutin ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1934. Ma afọ atọ mgbe e mesịrị - na Military Academy nke General Staff. Military talent na ịrụsi ọrụ ike nke ọrụ ha. Ọma-akwalite megide Nikolai Fedorovich. Na 1938, ka a agha, a họpụtara ya n'isi ụlọ ọrụ dị na Kiev Special Military District, na mgbe a mgbe ọ na-aghọ a agha ọchịagha.

Nsụgharị nke General Staff Vatutin

Na 1940, na August, mgbe Chief nke ọrụ kama B. M. Shaposhnikova ghọrọ K. A. Meretskov - General nke Army, Vatutin agafere ebe a na-arụ ọrụ na Chief nke Operations. Mgbe mgbe, a họpụtara ya mbụ osote onye isi nke mkpara. K. G. Zhukov n'akwụkwọ ya "Ikike icheta na Reflections" on Vatutin dere na o nwere ike echiche nke ibu ọrụ, o nwere ike n'ụzọ doro anya na nkenke egosipụta echiche, oké obosara echiche na ịrụsi ọrụ ike. Vatutin ugbua, Lieutenant-General, na February 1941, ọ e ọdịda nke Order nke Lenin.

Akasiaha agha

Iji ala nke USSR bịakwutere agha ... N'oge mbụ oge nke ya kụrụ afọ n'ala omume nke ndị agha mere ka a reshuffle na iwu. Ọ dị mkpa iji mee ka ekwe omume nke mma Central n'ihu. Na 1941, 29 July, Zhukov, Vatutin nominated maka post of Ọchịagha nke Front. Otú ọ dị, Stalin kpebiri ime ka ọzọ mkpebi.

June 30, Ọchịagha nke North-Western Front, N. F. Vatutin wee akụkụ ke agbachitere obodo Novgorod, n'isi a ọrụ ike agha. Manstein si counter-ọgụ megide ahụ e rụrụ n'okpuru ya na-elekọta. Dị ka a N'ihi nke a agha Germany ahụhụ na-abịaru nso ka Leningrad arọ weere na a chụpụrụ azụ 40 kilomita. Vatutin e ọdịda maka nzukọ nke na-eguzogide na gosiri na mkpebi siri ike na obi ike nke Order nke Red Banner.

"Ọrụ Small Saturn"

Na 1942, na May-July, ama Udiana. Chief of General Staff N. F. Vatutin mere a oké ọrụ dị ka onye nnọchiteanya ịkụ nzọ na Bryansk Front. O nyere iwu na July na October 1942, ndị Voronezh Front, na ịgbachitere ọma n'okpuru idu ndú ya na Voronezh ebe.

Nikolai Fedorovich họpụtara ọchịagha nke Southwestern Front na October 1942, sonye nkwadebe, mmepe na mmejuputa iwu nke ihe dị mkpa Stalingrad ọrụ. Si November 19 ka December 16 nke afọ a, Nikolaya Vatutina agha ọnụ na nkeji nke Stalingrad na Don asakde iso ese (isi - Eremenko na Rokossovsky karị) mụụrụ ihe na ime ihe a na-akpọ "Little Saturn". Ha gbara ya gburugburu Pọlọs na Stalingrad nkụzị. Soviet agha emechi 23 November nso hamlet encirclement. Ọ bụ akụkụ nke 4th Panzer Army na 6 Army (ngụkọta - 22 nkewa, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị nke dịrị banyere 330 na puku ndị mmadụ). Agha nke Southwestern Front n'oge na ime mkpọrọ were 60,000 ọrụ na agha Ewepụtawo banyere 1250 niile. N'ihi ya, ha na-mebiwo atụmatụ nke German iwu, nke chọrọ ịhapụ ndị agha Pọlọs. Omume n'oge ọrụ na-ada ka mbibi nke remnants nke atọ Romanian agha na asatọ Italian na German "Hollidt" otu.

ọrụ Little Saturn

Na 1942, site na 16 ruo 31 December, ọ e rụrụ ọzọ ọrụ Srednedonskaya. N'ihi ya, ọ na-e etinyere ndị iro Middle Don bụrụkwa ndị e meriri. Ọ pụtawo ikpeazụ plan nke ndị Germany nyak ndị agha gbara gburugburu na Stalingrad si n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ. The n'echiche nke a na ime bụ iji mejuputa a siri ike igbu ya na akuku na Nchikota na a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke n'ihu okwu. The merie Stalingrad, ndị Germany gosiri na ya nnọọ mwute, na ihe a dị nnọọ ịrịba ama ihe, General Vatutin, ọchịagha nke Southwestern Front. G. K. Zhukov e ọdịda maka Stalingrad Order of Suvorov akpa ntaifiọk. The abụọ award natara Vasilevsky, nke atọ - Ugoloọma Ama nke Ọma, nke anọ - Vatutin, nke ise - Eremenko, nke isii - Rokossovsky. N'ezie, ohere ịtụ kwuo nwere ike ịbụ.

Operation "ima elu"

Vatutin, General nke Great Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya, site na njedebe nke 1942, natara n'usoro nke ndị agha general, na February 1943 - General nke Army. Agha ke January na February 1943 n'okpuru iwu ya isi rụrụ ọnụ na akụkụ nke Southern Front ọrụ gallop, makwaara n'okpuru koodu aha "-awụlikwa elu." Ọ biri February 18. Ya n'ihi ndị Nazi ugwu nke Donbass e sụrụ. Ke adianade do, ya jisiri merie isi agha nke mbụ German Panzer Army.

The agha ke Kursk ntopute

Na March 1943 ọ nọ ọzọ họpụtara ka post of ọchịagha nke Voronezh Front Vatutin. General WWII bụ ugbu a maka otu n'ime ndị isi ntụziaka na Agha nke Kursk. K. K. Rokossovsky nyere Central Front. Manstein bụ megide Voronezh Front, na imegide ndị Central - Model. Parts na nzere compound na agha nke Kursk gosipụtara Germany dị ike na-efega. Ha ọma-edozi nsogbu na N'ezie nke a counter-akpasu iwe-agbachitere ihe itunanya ke omimi.

The Kursk ntopute megide Voronezh Front, ndị Germany nwere ike otu. Serious guzogideworo onslaught nke onye iro Russian, ma e nwere na German weere dị ukwuu. Voronezh n'ihu, abụọ adịkwu idobere tank ụsụụ ndị agha, mere site nkụzị Germany dị ike counterpunch. Prokhorovka tank agha wee ebe. Mgbe ihe itunanya na ogbo nke na-akpasu iwe Vatutin etinyere percussion ìgwè na tank agha, nke dịgidere ngwa tupu na ngwa ngwa na-achụ nke onye iro.

"Rumyantsev"

The ọrụ, na-akpọ "Rumyantsev" (Belgorod-Kharkiv) malitere na 1943, August 3. Ọ rụrụ agha nke Steppe na Voronezh asakde iso ese na bụ akụkụ nke Agha nke Kursk. Mezue ọrụ na 23 August. Ọ e bibiri n'oge Belgorod-Kharkov German otu ọtụtụ 15 nkewa, na wepụtara Kharkov na Belgorod. N'ihi ya, ọnọdụ e kere ihe dị mkpa ogbo - ntọhapụ nke Left-Bank Ukraine. Ruo 300 km na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ na n'ebe ndịda ebe nke Soviet agha merela agadi. Vatutin e ọdịda nke Order of Kutuzov First Class.

Agha nke Dnieper

The agha maka Dnepr malitere na n'otu afọ, August 13, agha nke Voronezh (General Vatutin), Central (Rokossovsky) na Steppe (Konev) asakde iso ese. Akụkụ nke mbụ e dechara on 21 September. Na Soviet agha merie banyere 30 German nkewa ndịda-westerly direction. Atọhapụ fọrọ nke nta kpamkpam nke Donbass na Left-Bank Ukraine, na on a sara mbara n'ihu ruru Dnieper. September 23 agha nke Central (Rokossovsky), Voronezh (Vatutin), Southwestern (Malinowski) na Steppe (Konev) Front malitere ọzọ ogbo. N'oge akp ruo December 22 ịlụ ọgụ bụ ịgafe Dnieper na ọtụtụ saịtị. Emepe emepe na-akpasu iwe, ndị agha kpaliri n'ihu na a n'ebe ndịda-westerly direction. Soviet agha-emecha mee ka ìgwè ndị agha "South", nakwa dị ka akụkụ nke ụsụụ ndị agha "Center" arọ mmeri. Ha tọhapụ Left Bank Ukraine na akụkụ nke Right Bank.

Kiev ọrụ

Voronezh Front na October 1943 e renamed Mbụ Ukrainian. ndị agha ya na November nke otu afọ ẹkenịmde n'okpuru iwu nke Vatutin Agha nke Kiev. Ọ biri December 13. N'ihi - a itunanya Defense Army Group "South". Akọ na ezi uche expeditiously General Vatutin ẹkenịmde n'etiti agha ịgawakwa n'ihu, isi ike lekwasị n'okpuru Lyutezh otú Bukrinsky bridgehead iro chere maka a isi Soviet na-akpasu iwe, na-atụ anya ha. Ekele a megharịa ha anya nke nwetara usoro mberede. Ya ọrụ admirably, General Vatutin. N'ihi na nke a, Kiev e wepụtara na November 6, nakwa dị ka nri akụ nke Dnieper ike a emeri bridgehead.

Ntọhapụ nke Zhitomir

Igbu Hitler bụ ọnwụ nke Kiev. Active mgbalị e mere na nloghachi ya. Germany ịga nke ọma n'ime ọkụ ọgụ ka jideekwaozo Zhitomir. Ugbu a iwe Stalin ... N'oge na-akpasu iwe nke 1st Ukrainian Front tọhapụ obodo na 31 December. 275 km gbawara bụ German agbachitere. Mgbe nke a 1st Ukrainian Front gara n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ, na 2nd - n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ, na 1944 kwa, si 24 na 28 January, ihe karịrị 10 German nkewa hụrụ onwe ha na adịgide.

Kpọmkwem-operation Lutskaya

The ọnụego idozi mkpọsa na 1944 kpebiri na isi tank agha nke USSR ga-gawa site General Vatutin. Ya biography dị ka a n'ihi nke a ka e chọpụtara ọtụtụ ebube peeji nke. The mkpebi-agafeta ebe a armored agha kwuru na 1st Ukrainian Front ji na-emeri na direction. Vatutin agha na January na February nwere a Rivne-Lutsk ọrụ. Ọchịagha ya N'ezie etinyere na center ọnọdụ a dị ike igbu kpuchie ka iyi tojubigara ókè nke onye iro agha, nke na-ekwe ka ga-esi n'ime n'azụ nke German ìgwè na-ebibi ya kpam kpam. The ọrụ e dechara on 11 February. E wepụtara na ya n'ihi na Shepetivka Rivne, meriri anọ German Panzer Army.

Na January-February afọ a, 1st Ukrainian Front (Vatutin) na njikọ na 2nd (General Konev) gbara gburugburu na Korsun-Shevchenko nnukwu onye iro nkụzị. Otú ọ dị, mgbe ndị Germany nọ "akpa", e nyere ya iwu ruo na mbibi nke ndị iro 2nd Front n'okpuru Konev. Ya mere, na otuto nile nke a na ime ihe bịara ya, ọ bụghị ka Vatutin. Konev dị ka a N'ihi natara asọpụrụ aha Marshal nke Soviet Union. February 17 mezue ọrụ. N'ihi ya, o merụrụ ahụ ma gbuo banyere 55 puku Germany e mkpọrọ -. More karịa 8 puku.

General Vatutin ọnwụ omimi

Na 1944, February 29, Vatutin gara agha na ụzọ azụ site n'isi ụlọ ọrụ nke 13 Army. Ọnwụ nke General Vatutin mere na mberede. Ọ gbara ke Bandera nke n'azụ na. Milyatyn (Ostrozhsky ebe) na kụrụ na ekpe ụkwụ. Vatutin kpọgara a n'ụlọ ọgwụ ndị agha na Rivne, ndien ekem ọwọrọ aka Kiev. Mbụ ọnya eyighị nnọọ ize ndụ, ma mgbe ahụ sharply njọ ọnọdụ Vatutin. N'ihi ya, anya, ọ bụ edoghị ya mere na ọ mere, otú o mere na apụghị ịzọpụta ndị dị otú ahụ dị mkpa onye maka mba, dị ka General Vatutin. Ihe-omimi nke ọnwụ ya bụ ka a okwu nke ikpe. Ọtụtụ ndị dọkịta agha nke ndụ ya, General. Bepụ ụkwụ enyebereghị. General Vatutin, onye biography e enyocha ke ibuotikọ emi, nwụrụ n'abalị nke April 15, 1944 site na ọbara nsi.

The olili ozu nke Nikolai Fedorovich Vatutin

Maka nne ya, Vera Efremovna, bụ na 1944 ọnwụ nke ya nke atọ nwa. Ọ natara ozi ọma na February Afanasiya Vatutina ọnwụ ọgụ ọnyá, na mgbe ahụ, na March, e gburu na n'ihu Fedor, nwa ya nke nta. Ma Nikolai Vatutin akpa ke April. E liri ya na Mariinsky park na Kiev. Vatutin hour ili ozu na Moscow e nyere agha ukpono - dara a ekele nke 24 volleys nke 24 egbe. May 6, 1965 e ọdịda mgbe ọ nwụsịrị aha ahụ bụ "dike nke Soviet Union," Vatutin.

Ọnwụ ya a ọdachi maka mba. General Vatutin nwụrụ 42 afọ, a ọrụ na ịrị elu, na ihe ịga nke ọma. Ọ ekpugheghị ruo mgbe ọgwụgwụ nke ha nwere na iji nweta agha -ndị, nke abụwo n'ezie kwesịrị ya.

Vatutin ncheta ke Kiev

Na 1948, January 25, na Kiev e guzobere Vatutin ncheta. Ọ na-emi odude ke n'ọnụ ụzọ Mariinsky park na Pechersk district nke obodo. Nso bụ a ụlọ nke Verkhovna Rada. Ndị dere akwụkwọ --atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ na ọkpụ Vucetic Belopol'skii. The ọkpụkpụ bụ 3,65 mita, na pedestal okpu - 4.5m.

Vatutin ncheta ke Kiev - adade ke a na-n'ogologo ọgụgụ nke Nikolai Vatutin na afe nke elu. Ọ na-pịrị si awọ konkiri. The isi na elu (n'ụdị - a truncated pyramid) e mere nke nwa labradorite. The pedestal-n'ókè na perimeta ọla laurel garlands. Na nsọtụ abụọ pịrị enyemaka na mụta nwa na nkebi agafe Dnieper na nzukọ ya na liberators nke Ukraine ndị mmadụ (ọkpụ Ulyanov).

House Nikolai Vatutin

Na ụlọ ahụ na a Vatutin. Mandrova Valuisky Belgorod mpaghara. The ngosi nka nwere ihe abụọ ụlọ. First - nke a bụ ụlọ ebe Nikolai Fedorovich mụrụ, nke abụọ - wuru maka ya na nne-1944-45 agha nke mbụ Ukrainian Front. The ngosi nka e hiwere na 1950 site na mkpebi nke kolkhoz. Ya mbụ director bụ nwanne Vatutina Nikolaya Fedorovicha - Daria Fyodorovna. Nso ikwu na anakọtara ya onwe ya nwere, ezinụlọ foto, ihe n'ụlọ. Ebe mbụ ngosi e kere.

Na 2001, a ọhụrụ ngosi e meghere. Ọ na-e timed na centenary nke ọmụmụ Nikolai Fedorovich. Number nke ihe ndị na ụbọchị bụ 1275, 622 nke ha - a bụ isi ego (onye nwere nke Vatutin, ihe n'ụlọ, akwụkwọ, foto).