Gịnị bụ okwu okwu? Grammatical ala

Isiokwu a na-akọwa isi banye n'eluigwe, nke na-arụ ọrụ na English ụtọ asụsụ. The okwu nyere na mbụ mkpa aha. Mbụ niile ọ na-enye ndị òtù na izugbe struture kọwara ikwu na ọkọlọtọ usoro okwu. Ọzọkwa, buru n'uche na nepovestvovatelnye ewu ( 'irrealis ọnọdụ uche'), dị ka ajụjụ ibe ( 'interrogative ọnọdụ'), na arịrịọ na iwu ( 'oké mkpa na ọnọdụ'), ageme ahịrịokwu ( 'nhazi ahịrịokwu'), na-agbanwe Ọdịdị nke ahụ ikpe . Mgbe inversion predicate (ma ọ bụ akụkụ nke predicate) na-aghọ na-atụ isiokwu. Ọzọkwa ụfọdụ obere òtù nwere ike ịga na akpa ebe maka ewere na ọrụ rematicheskoy. Nke a na-adịghị emetụta nkọwa, dị ka ha na-adịghị adabere na ihe ọ bụla nke ikpe, ma kpọmkwem site nouns.

Nkebiahiri, mfe ma ọtụtụ ihe mejupụtara (okwu ndabere, dị mfe ma dị mgbagwoju ikpe)

Modern English syntax bụ Ẹkot na Russian, ọ bụ ezie na nwere nkịtị ihe. Nke bụ eziokwu na omenala usoro a na-egosi site yiri ibe dị irè ọnọdụ nwere ike na-akpa àgwà dị iche iche. N'ihi ya, anyị na nkenke ịpụta ihe okwu okwu nke English enweghị a ike mkpọ na Russian nhazi ọkwa usoro.

'Ikpe' - enye a set nke okwu nwere dịtụ zuru echiche.

'Rhema' - Remalaya, accented akụkụ, iji gosi na a pụrụ iche na-fundamentally ozi dị mkpa, mgbe ahụ, n'ihi ihe ndị ozi mara ọkwa (ma ọ bụ dere).

'Okwu' - Ndị n'ezinụlọ akụkụ, na-eje ozi dị ka etiti maka nwere Theorem na a maara nke ọma ma ọ bụ adịghị emetụta ọdịdị zuru oke nke ihe omume zuru ezu.

'Nkebiahiri' - akụkụ nke ahịrịokwu nwere ngwaa a sụgharịrị ka ndị okwu ndabere.

'Ọtụtụ ihe mejupụtara ya ikpe' - a mgbagwoju amaghị nwere ọtụtụ 'nkebi ahịrịokwu' ( «okwu ntọala"), na hierarchical nkesa ekewa:

• amụọ na kennyeghari akụkụ - 'onyinye ahịrịokwu' (slozhnosochinennye);
• amụọ na dabere na ebutere nkeji - 'Mgbagwoju ahịrịokwu' (onyinye).

Ọzọkwa, na-adabere nnweta nke abụọ so, na e nwere a okwu okwu ndị dị ka 'ndị na-abụghị ogologo ikpe' (aghọta ikele) na 'akp ikpe' (nkịtị).

Òtù nke na-abụghị akp ahịrịokwu (òtù nke Non-Njupụta nke na-enye)

'Non-agbatiri ikpe' - aghọta amaghị nwere naanị isi okwu nke na-enye: isiokwu na / ma ọ bụ ndị predicate.

'Predicate' - ngwaa, na mkpụrụ okwu ndị ahụ na-akpọ kwesịrị ekwesị ngwaa na ya niile enyemaka nkeji - 'mfe predicate' (mfe) ka Multiple predicate - 'mgbagwoju predicate' (mgbagwoju).

'Okwu Ọnụ predicate' - a compound predicate esịnede ọtụtụ ngwaa.

'Predicative okwu' - elu ọnụ nke elu ọnụ predicate, na-emekarị kwuru na dị ka a noun ma ọ bụ okwu nnochiaha.

'Isiokwu' - isiokwu - okwu okwu e ji na-ezo aka na isi arumaru ( 'arụmụka') predicate pụrụ igosipụta na ọ fọrọ nke nta ọ bụla akụkụ nke okwu ma ọ bụ nkebi ahịrịokwu ahụ. Na nke a ọrụ ike na-eme ọbụna 'nkebiahiri'. Theoretically, na English na ọ ga-eweta ha amaghị na ọ dịghị ihe ọzọ n'ụdị nke a iwu 'Ọ', ma na omume ọ na-emekarị omitted.

Òtù nke akp ahịrịokwu (òtù ndị nkịtị amaghị)

'Extended ikpe' - mgbasa ikele mejupụtara nakwa isiokwu na / ma ọ bụ predicate ọzọ nke abụọ òtù dị otú ahụ dị ka ihe atụ, adianade do, na-ekpebi ihe na-akpata.

'Object' - mgbakwunye. Direct mgbakwunye ( 'kpọmkwem ihe') na-na-metụtara okwu ngwaa, si n'elu onye / karịa ma ọ bụ adịru ihe a rụrụ.

'Adverbial' ( 'adjunct') - ọnọdụ. Na a nabatara umu echiche, ọ na-akọwa ihe-nkọwa nke ọnọdụ nke ihe ndị ahụ, dị ka oge ahụ, ebe, ihe mere tupu oge ọnọdụ probabilities na ya pụta.

'Nyenụ' - .. Mkpebi Siri Ike, nke okụt ya itie ke ederede, n'agbanyeghị nke mkpokọta Ọdịdị, ntụgharị ya ebe tumadi tụziri okwu, ọ bụghị ọkọlọtọ-iji okwu na ikpe.

'Wh-okwu' - ajụjụ okwu ma ọ bụ okwu ndị na-na-iji na-emepụta pụrụ iche mbipụta na yiri owuwu.

Modal okwu na Wh-okwu

'Modal okwu' - modal (oghere) nke okwu (gaghị mgbagwoju anya na modal ngwaa).

'Wh-okwu' na 'Modal okwu' na-a na-ewere iche iche, na-enweghị ikwu otú ikpe.

Chịkọtara n'okpuru ke Tables ụtọ asụsụ. Otu akụkụ (n'elu) integrates ikpe, ndị ọzọ (ala) - n'akụkụ ụfọdụ nke okwu.

Parts of speach (akụkụ okwu)

Ụtọ asụsụ nke okwu na-egosi a set nke iwu maka arụmọrụ morfemoobrazovaniya na nchebara echiche nke ibiere na nke okwu na-kọwaa na a akpan akpan na klas. Parts of speach - ige okwu, nke na-egosipụta a ụfọdụ nso nke echiche. Ka ihe atụ, adjectives egosi ihe ịrịba ama nke akpọkwa na phenomena, na nnọchiaha na-eji n'ụzọ na-ezo aka n'akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke ikwu okwu. Na-emeghe ( 'oghe') na mechiri emechi ( 'emechi') otu nke akụkụ ụfọdụ nke okwu.

Open otu (oghe otu)

'Open iche iche' - okwu okwu maka mgbe niile replenished otu. New okwu apụta site na-agbakwụnye prefixes na suffixes, site na-agbakwụnye na mgbọrọgwụ nke mmụta sitere n'akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke ikwu okwu, na-agbaziri site n'asụsụ ọzọ, ntoputa nke ọhụrụ okwu na aha, nakwa dị ka a n'ihi nke asụsụ evolushọn si ẹdude ịka nká okwu.

'Nouns' - nouns, na-egosipụta ihe ma ọ bụ onu, na nwere mgbanwe degrees nke adabereghị na nkịtị kwesịrị ekwesị aha, ma e wezụga nke na-egosi na ojiji nke isiokwu na ndakọrịta nke iwu anaghị emetụta ha syntax.

'Ngwaa' - ngwaa. N'izo aka ngwaa dị ka a isi akụrụngwa nke predicate nwere ike ịmata okwu bụ 'isi ngwaa' (nke pụtara ngwaa), ndị fọdụrụ ngwaa na-debeere na iko ndị ọzọ na-ahụ e mechiri emechi otu: 'modal ngwaa' (efu ngwaa na a mgbanwe pụtara) na 'auxuliary ngwaa' ( inyeaka ngwaa), a na-eji n'ịwa oge-pronged, mortgage na ebutere akụkụ, nakwa dị ka a dịgasị iche iche nke 'inyeaka ngwaa' - 'njikọ ngwaa' (njikọ-ngwaa), a na-eji enye ọnụ gosiri (elu ọnụ) predicate. Mgbe 'njikọ ngwaa' bụ naanị ngwaa na mkpụrụ okwu ndị ndabere, ọ na-atụle isi, 'isi ngwaa'.

Ngwaa iche:

- 'isi n'ụdị', ndị bụ isi na ụdị (ma ọ bụ "infinitive enweghị 'na'», 'iferi infinitive '), ma ọ bụ nanị ụdị a ngwaa na-egosi ihe na-ejighị n'aka;

- 'infinitive' (infinitive);

- '-s'-ụdị, nke a na-iwesa ke a ruo mgbe ebighị ebi oge na-atọ onye erikwa;

- n'Oge Gara Aga Ebighị Ebi Active - ụdị na ngwaa na-ewe ihe indeterminate oge na n'oge gara aga (mgbe nile ngwaa na-etolite ya mkpụrụ agwụcha 'ed', na-ezighị ezi nwere ike hụrụ na nke abụọ kọlụm nke table nke oge ufodu ngwaa);

- 'participle m' ma ọ bụ 'ugbu participle' - ugbu participle, ngwaa, ọdịdị mmechi na mgbakwunye na nke 'u';

- 'participle II' ma ọ bụ 'gara aga participle' - gara aga participle, nke anya mgbe niile ngwaa mmechi dị ka na-agbakwunye 'ed', na n'ihi ekwesịghị ịdị na - n'oghere nke atọ nke table nke oge ufodu ngwaa;

- 'gerund' - gerund, nke na-agwakọta Njirimara nke a noun na edinam.

'Adjectives' - adjectives gosi na-egosi noun nwere ike ịbụ akụkụ nke isiokwu na predicate ma ọ bụ mkpebi siri ike.

'Adverbs' - adverbs mgbe na-ekpughe nkọwa nke ihe edinam, ma nwekwara ike na-ezo aka na ha amaghị ka a dum, mgbe mgbe mejupụtara isi nke ọnọdụ.

Mechiri emechi otu (emechi otu)

'Emechiela iche iche' - iche iche nke akụkụ nke okwu, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke nkeji na nke, dị ka a na-achị, na-anọgide n'otu. Dị ka obere wezụga, ọhụrụ morpheme kpụrụ dị ka emeghe iche iche na-efu nke modernization nke ẹdude okwu, mgbe ụtọ asụsụ a na-emelite na ime nke ugbua.

'Nnọchiaha' - nnọchiaha.

'Prepositions' - prepositions.

'Conjunctives' - ịlụ.

'Determiners' - demonstrative okwu. Kewara 'ahụ' - ahụ, na 'isiokwu' - isiokwu.

'Interjections' - interjections.