Gịnị Bụ refractory Ọla?

Ekwu okwu nke refractory ọla, ọ na-ghọtara ihe ọla-ada n'okpuru a definition. Vanadium, tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, rhenium, tantalum, zirconium na hafnium - ọla onye agbaze okpomọkụ esịmde 1650-1700 Celsius C.

Dị ọcha ụdị, refractory ọla aputagh okike. Ha na-enwetara site ore Ụtụtụ eji a mgbagwoju atọ-ogbo technology. Nzọụkwụ mbụ mejupụtara na-emeghe uche, mgbe ahụ, e bụ iche na-ọcha nke chemical ogige na n'ikpeazụ - mgbake na anụcha metal.

The akporo nke ojiji nke refractory ọla bụ dum ezuru. Refractory ọla eji na n'ibu injinịa, shipbuilding, ngwá electronic na chemical ọrụ, n'ihi na nke ha pụrụ iche Njirimara, ya bụ ha na-eme dị ka okpomọkụ na-eguzogide ọgwụ alloys ihe.

Tụlee ọ bụla nke refractory ọla iche iche.

Vanadium - siri ike metal ígwè-agba ntụ na agba. The aha nke a metal bụ na nsọpụrụ nke chi nwanyị bụ nke mara mma Vanadis, ekele agba nke salts nke na-gụnyere na ya mejupụtara. Vanadium-eguzogide mmiri dị iche iche asịd. Ọ na-eji na imewe nke roba, seramiiki, iko, na N'ezie steels. Dị ka a mma electrode na batrị na-eji vanadium pentoxide.

Tungsten - awọ siri ike metal, iji ọkọlọtọ ọnọdụ ya nwere ike na-akpọ ndị kasị refractory metal, eji na nkà mmụta banyere ígwè ka a ndabere. Aha nke tungsten ịnweta wolframite natara site (na uzo. With ya. "Wolf ụfụfụ"), bụ onye a maara na narị afọ nke 15 ka tungsten ịghọta tin n'oké. Wolfram okụt ya ngwa ke imewe nke pụrụ iche ụgbọ mmiri na-eji maka na-eto eto otu kristal,-agbaze iko, wdg ..

Molybdenum - refractory metal ọlaọcha na-acha ọcha na agba. Molybdenum o siri susceptible ka ọxịdashọn na mmeghachi omume na hydrogen na-adị mgbe molybdenum esịmde agbaze mgbe (2620 ° C). Ya iji na mmepụta nke filaments maka electric oriọna, nakwa dị ka imewe nke cathodes kọmputa ngwaọrụ.

Niobium - ìhè na agba ntụ refractory metal, mfe ngwọta, eguzogide corrosion. Bụ akụkụ nke igwe anaghị agba nchara, okpomọkụ na-eguzogide na corrosion na-eguzogide alloys, rụọ ha n'ibu Njirimara.

Rhenium bụ n'etiti ndị kasị oké nke refractory ọla. Alloys a ìhè na agba ntụ metal na tungsten na molybdenum ọkụ na-eguzogide ma na-eji maka mmepụta nke supersonic ụgbọelu na akụ ụta.

Tantalum - na ya anụ refractory metal ìhè na agba ntụ na a-acha odo odo hue. The nkà mmụta banyere ígwè a na-eji dị ka a akụrụngwa nke corrosion na-eguzogide, okpomọkụ na-eguzogide ma na ike alloys.

Pure zirconium bụ onwunwu metal nke dị mfe hazie ma na-ekpo ọkụ na oyi na-atụ na-arụ ọrụ. The iche atụmatụ nke metal na na o nwere a nnọọ elu iguzogide corrosion.

Hafnium a hụrụ na zirconium ores. Metal na ọlaọcha ewute, a na-eji na-emepụta absorbent cores nke nuclear ngwa agha.