Ihe ndekọ banyere Yuri Dolgoruky. Ndị isi na ọchịchị

A kwesịrị na nkpuru nke oké Vladimir Monomakh, ya asaa nwa - Yuri Dolgoruky - banyere Russian akụkọ ihe mere eme bụghị nanị dị ka ndị Grand Prince of Kiev na òkè nke Rostov-Suzdal, nchoputa nke Moscow. Ọ hapụrụ icheta onwe ya dị ka onye nwere oké ọchịchọ, ike, na-aga n'ihu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ. Ntughari nlebara anya nke ndu ya na ihe omuma ya, dika dika omume, omume na mkpebi nke otutu ndi isi agha nke oge ochie. NM Karamzin kwuru banyere ya dị ka onye na-atụgharị mgbanwe nke ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Russia oge ochie: ntọala nke ọtụtụ obodo na ebe obibi, na-ewu okporo ụzọ na chọọchị dị iche iche, mgbasa nke Iso Ụzọ Kraịst. Ọ na-azọrọ na, n'inwe oké iwe na ọ bụghị dị iche iche na obiọma, Dolgoruky adaghị n'ememme ndị iro na nwa okorobịa na-enupụ isi, bụ nke mere ka ọ bụrụ onye a jụrụ ajụ.

Ọmụmụ nke onyeisi

Yuri Dolgoruky bu ihe omuma nke oma, otutu ndi ndu akuko gha eche banyere otutu ihe ndi ozo site na ndu nke onye isi, jiri ihe ngbaghara ihe ngbaghara di nkpa. Anyị enwetaghị ozi ziri ezi banyere ụbọchị a mụrụ ya: ọkwa dịgasị iche iche na-akpọ ọnụ ọgụgụ dị iche iche, ma nyochaa ha, onye nwere ike ikwu na ọ bụ naanị na a mụrụ ya na oge ahụ site na 1090 ruo n'afọ 1097th. N'ihi ihe ndeputa nke ihe ndi a, anyi amaghi onye nke ndi nwunye nke Monomakh (nke mbu ma obu nke abuo) bu nne Yuri. Anyị agaghị eche banyere eziokwu a. Ihe bụ isi bụ na onye a emezuwo ọtụtụ ọrụ dị ebube.

Ịme ka ala ndị dị na North-Eastern Russia

Ịga na mkpọsa kachasị amara na nke ọma nke 1111 na Polovtsi dịka akụkụ nke ndị agha ndị isi ndị Russia bụ mmeri mbụ nke Yuri: nwa nke Polovtsian Khan ghọrọ nwunye mbụ ya. Prince Yuri Dolgoruky, onye biography emesi ya ike na ọ na-apụghị ịgụ na nketa nke Kiev ebekpo, ịbụ otu n'ime ndị na-eto umu Monomakh, na 1113 na-aghọ a kpọmkwem gọvanọ nke Rostov-Suzdal ihe gbasara onye isi, fọrọ nke nta ná mpụga Russia n'etiti Oka na Volga. Ọ na-etinye aka na mgbanwe na ike nke mpaghara a, iwu obodo na ụlọ nsọ. Yuri Dolgoruky ghọrọ onyeisi nke mbụ, na-achị ala ndị e nyere ya maka ihe karịrị afọ iri anọ. Ime ka mpaghara Rostov-Suzdal sikwuo ike na atụmatụ nke ókèala ya, Yuri Dolgoruky (afọ nke gọọmentị mere ka e nwee ọtụtụ obodo ewusiri ike na North-Eastern Russia) wusiri ike na ọnọdụ ya.

Ime ka Iso Ụzọ Kraịst sie ike

N'ịzụlite obodo ahụ, onyeisi ahụ echefughị banyere mgbasa nke okwukwe Ndị Kraịst nke Ọtọdọks, ụlọ nsọ ndị dị ebube. Ruo ugbu a, ọ na-asọpụrụ dị ka nchoputa nke ọtụtụ chọọchị na ebe obibi, dị ka St. George Obibi na Vladimir-on-Klyazma, Borisoglebskii - na River Nerl Church of Anyị Lady na Suzdal, Church of St. George na Vladimir na St. George, Church nke Onye Nzọpụta na Pereslavl-Zalessky na Suzdal.

Mgbasa ozi na mmeri

N'afọ 1120, n'oge nna ya, Yuri Dolgoruky na - aga n'ihu na mkpọsa Polovtsi - ndị si n'asụsụ Turkic - megide Volga Bulgars, ndị bi na ala Tatarstan, Chuvashia, Samara na Penza. Ebu agha Yuri Dolgoruky ejighi oke agha - o nweghi agha, ma, inwe obi ike na mmeri nke onye ọchịagha, o jiri àgwà ndị a mee ihe mgbaru ọsọ ya. Eleghị anya, nke a bụ nwoke gụrụ akwụkwọ nke ghọtara mkpa nile maka ịdị n'otu nke ala ndị Russia. Ọ so na usoro a, na-ewusi ugwu-n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Russia. Kemgbe 1125 isi obodo nke mpaghara kama Rostov bụ Suzdal. Ema ama ọfiọk ke Obio Ubọn̄ ekedi isọn̄ Rostov-Suzdal.

Olileanya nke onye isi

N'ịbụ ndị na-eme ka ọnọdụ ya sie ike n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Russia, Prince Yuri Dolgoruky na-achọ ebe ndịda, na Kiev apụghị ịchọta, ebe "a na-eme nnukwu iwu." Ọ bụ n'ihi ọrụ a ka ndị edemede ahụ kpọrọ aha Yuri Dolgoruky. Mgbe Vladimir Monomakh nwụsịrị n'afọ 1125, nwa ya nwoke nke mbụ bụ Mstislav ketara ocheeze nke Kiev, mgbe ahụ (mgbe ọ nwụsịrị n'afọ 1139) - Yaropolk Vladimirovich, bụ onye na-aga Vyacheslav Vladimirovich, nwa nke isii nke Monomakh.

Nsogbu a na-enwe n'oge na-adịghị anya, na mgba nke ike n'oge nile nọgidere bụrụ onye obi tara mmiri na onye na-enweghị obi ọjọọ. N'ime oge 1146 ruo 1154, Prince Yuri Dolgoruky na-anwa inweta ike na Kiev. Nke a bu ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke ndu ya. Na n'oge a, o meriri ocheeze ya site na ụmụ nwanne ya - ụmụ Mstislav, ma ọ pụghị ijide ya. Jikọọ na Kiev ebekpo, enye ejisie March 20, 1155 na nri nke ihe nketa mgbe ọnwụ nke nwanne ya nwoke na nwa nke isii Monomakh - Vyacheslav Vladimirovich. Ọchịchị oge na-adịghị anya nke Yuri Vladimirovich n'obodo nke ọnụ ụzọ ámá ọlaedo adịghị jụụ, ma ọ nwụrụ na May 15, 1157, mgbe o mezuru nrọ ya, ịbụ Grand Duke nke Kiev.

Ntọala nke Moscow

Akuko nke mbu banyere Moscow n'akwukwo oge gara aga bu ihe ruru 1147 afo. Ihe ndekọ nke Yuri Dolgoruky na ihe ndekọ nke oge ahụ na-arụ ụka na iwu obodo ahụ malitere mgbe nnọkọ nke onyeisi na Svyatoslav Olgovich nọ n'obere ụlọ na Osimiri Moscow. N'afọ mbụ nke mbụ banyere Moscow malitere ịre ya ụbọchị nke ntọala ya. Yuri Dolgoruky gbasoro mmepe nke obodo ahụ, na 1156 site n'usoro ya, isi obodo na-eme n'ọdịnihu ka e wusiri ike na mgbidi na osisi ọhụrụ. Ogologo oge ahụ ka iwu nke kremlin kụrụ malitere.

Ndị nwunye na ụmụaka

Ihe ndekọ Yuri Dolgoruky kwuru banyere alụmdi na nwunye abụọ. Nwunye mbụ bụ Polovchanka, bụ onye a na-edeghị aha ya n'akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ, nke abụọ bụ Olga. Ndị di na nwunye a wetara Yuri ụmụ nwoke iri na otu na ụmụ nwanyị abụọ. N'ụzọ dị mwute, akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme adịghị ejigide nkọwa ọ bụla banyere mmekọrịta onyeisi ezinụlọ. Aha nke ada ikpeazụ nke onye na-achị achị akọwabeghị.

Omuma nke Yuri Dolgoruky sitere na ndi ode n'akwukwo oge gara aga bu ihe na-adighi nma: ndi mmadu nke Kiev mere ka ndi mmadu ghara inye ndi mmadu aka. Ma eleghị anya nke a bụ ihe kpatara ọnwụ ya. Ndị na-ede akwụkwọ anaghị agọnahụ Yuri. Otú ọ dị, n'agbanyeghị nkwenye nile nke ọdịdị a siri ike, eziokwu ahụ bụ ihe doro anya: Yuri Dolgoruky, nke akụkọ ndụ ya dị mkpirikpi na-emesi ike ijide iwu siri ike, nyeere ụba aka na ike na ịdị n'otu nke Russia dị ka nnukwu ala.