Ihu igwe na ụdị. Types of idụhe ke Russia: tebụl

Ọnọdụ Ihu Igwe bụ isiokwu ịgbanwe ma gbanwee, ma n'ozuzu ha anọgide na otu, na-eme ụfọdụ na mpaghara mara mma maka njem, na ndị ọzọ - ike maka nlanarị. Ghọta ẹdude iche nke ila maka a mma nghọta nke obodo atụmatụ nke ụwa na a ọrụ àgwà na gburugburu ebe obibi - ụfọdụ belt mmadu nwere ike hapụ na okpomọkụ n'ụwa na ndị ọzọ na-eweta ọdachi Filiks.

Gịnị bụ ihu igwe?

N'okpuru a definition, na-aghọta na otu ebe ọnọdụ ihu igwe, gosiri ọdịiche a akpan akpan bi. Ọ na-apụta ìhè mgbagwoju na ókèala nke hụrụ mgbanwe. ụdị ihu igwe na-emetụta ọdịdị, chọpụta ala nke mmiri ozu na ala, enye ịrị elu na kpọmkwem osisi na ụmụ anụmanụ, na-emetụta mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ na ọrụ ugbo. Formation emee ka a n'ihi nke ikpughe na anyanwụ radieshon na ifufe, jikọtara na a ụdị nke elu. All ihe ndị a bụ kpọmkwem dabere na ohere, nke na-ekpebi n'akuku nke omume nke ụzarị, na ya mere olu nke mmepụta nke okpomọkụ.

Gịnị na-emetụta ndị ihu igwe?

Iji kpebie ihe ga-abụ ọnọdụ ihu igwe nwere ike dị iche iche (na mgbakwunye na nke ohere). Ka ihe atụ, a na-kpamkpam-enwe mmetụta nke mbọhọ ka oké osimiri. The ebe na-emi odude dị anya n'ebe ndị nnukwu table, na obere na-akawanye a oké mmiri ozuzo, otú a ka ha na-mkpumkpu. Nso ka oké osimiri obere njupụta oscillations, na ihe nile ụdị idụhe ke n'ala ndị a ebe continental softer. Ọ bụghị obere mkpa ebili mmiri. Ihe atụ, ha ọkụ ahụ n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke Scandinavian dịịrị banye na mmiri, nke na-akwalite uto ọhịa n'ebe ahụ. N'ihi ya Greenland, nke nwere a yiri ndokwa, dum afọ kpuchie ice. Ike na-emetụta ndị guzobere ihu igwe na nke ukwuu. The n'elu ebe, ala okpomọkụ, Otú ọ dị na ugwu na-oyi, ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na ha na-emi odude na ogbe. Ke adianade do, àmà ike ọnyà ikuku pụta, na-eme ka na Windward mkpọda ukwuu na mmiri zoo, ma mgbe ha na Afrika bụ otú ahụ nta. N'ikpeazụ, ọ bụ uru arịba ama mmetụta nke ifufe, nke nwekwara ike kpọrọ ịgbanwe ụdị nke idụhe. Monsoons, ifufe na typhoons anabata mmiri ma budata emetụta ihu igwe.

All ẹdude ụdị

Tupu anyị atụlee ọ bụla ụdị iche iche ga-obibi na n'ozuzu nhazi ọkwa. Gịnị nwere ike ịbụ isi ụdị nke ihu igwe? Ihe kacha ụzọ ịghọta ihe atụ nke a n'otu mba. The Russian Federation enyene a nnukwu ebe, na ókèala nke mba ihu igwe dị nnọọ iche. Explore enyemaka nile table. The ụdị climates na ebe ha ebukarịghị, ekesa ya onye ọ bụla ọzọ, karị.

Dị ka ị pụrụ ịhụ, ọ dịghị Equatorial belt na ụfọdụ n'etiti ụdị. Gịnị ka e ji mara onye ọ bụla nke dị n'elu, ọ bụ omume na ịmụ n'ụzọ zuru ezu, malite na osisi na-akpụ akpụ na map ala.

Arctic ihu igwe

Amara ka a pola, ụdị-ahụkarị nke ebe nso osisi. Ọ na-esịne ke ụdị climates Russia - table-amalite a variant ọnọdụ ihu igwe. N'ozuzu iche abụọ nke ya iche. The mbụ - na polar idụhe mpaghara na Arctic, na nke abụọ - na Antarctic. Weather ọnọdụ ndị dị otú ahụ ebe dị iche na ogo, adịghị iche a ala mmadụ na-ebighị. Kemgbe afọ na mpaghara e ji sub-efu okpomọkụ, ọbụna na ise degrees nwere ike ọkụ August ikuku. Oge a na-akpọ pola okpomọkụ, ọ na-adịru a izu ole na ole ma ọ bụ na-adịghị eme ma ọlị. Winter bụ ihe dị iche n'etiti oge na obere ego nke snow. Nkezi okpomọkụ na-ekpebi ebe: ụdị ihu igwe na-agụnye ma mwepu iri na Atlantic Ocean, na ruo iri atọ na ise degrees n'okpuru efu na Pacific. Eriri e ji ntakiri mmiri ozuzo adịghị nnọọ na narị atọ millimeters. Ahịhịa na n'ala ndị dị otú a na-fọrọ nke nta ka ọ dịghị ndụ na lichens na mosses.

ọnọdụ ihu igwe

Ndị a ọnọdụ ihu igwe na ndị kasị ọsọ. Agafeghị oke ụdị igwe-enwe n'etiti 45 na 65 degrees na Ugwu Ụwa, na n'etiti 42 na 58 na South. Ọ e ji a doro anya nkewa nke afọ anọ kara aka na abụọ ndị mepere (mmiri na ọdịda) na-ekpo ọkụ (okpomọkụ) na oyi na-atụ (na oyi). The weather e ji oge cloudiness, ọdịda guzobere n'okpuru nduzi nke ajọ ifufe nke na anticyclones. The nso n'ógbè bụ n'oké osimiri, nke ukwuu mmetụta. N'otu oge karịa mpaghara n'ihu n'ebe mmiri ebe, ike na mmajijiji na okpomọkụ. The ndị mepere kara aka-na-emekarị protracted, na ogologo ala na elu degrees. The nkezi okpomọkụ nke coldest ọnwa, January, nwere ike site na 10 ruo 40 n'okpuru efu, niile kpebisiri ike site n'otu ebe nke obodo. Hot ọnwa bụ July (nkezi okpomọkụ - banyere 21 degrees Celsius). Na-akọwa ụdị nke climates Russian table-ezo aka ọnọdụ mpaghara ọtụtụ ndị n'ókèala. Ọzọkwa, ọ na-ahụkarị maka USA na ọtụtụ nke Europe. Na mpaghara ebe a na-ahụkarị conifers na agwakọta osisi, mgbe ụfọdụ, n'oké ọhịa. Year-gburugburu na-eto eto oge bụ ekwe omume n'ihi mgbanwe nke a kara aka.

The okpomọkụ

Njirimara ala sitere na n'agbata afọ 20 na 30 degrees ugwu ma ọ bụ ndịda ohere. Tropical bụ akụkụ nke isi ụdị nke idụhe. Ọ e ji oké ala iru mmiri na ntakiri oké mmiri ozuzo, na predominance nke anticyclones na ọbara mgbali elu, nke na-eduga Ugboro anwụ na-acha ụbọchị. E nwere mgbe a siri ike igbu akọrọ ifufe, nke bụ ihe na-akpata nke sandstorm na desert. On n'ókèala a na e nweghị anọ a kara aka, nke na-atụ aro a agafeghị oke ihu igwe mpaghara. okpomọkụ ụdị na-enye naanị abụọ a kara aka - oyi na-ekpo ọkụ, na okpomọkụ ọdịiche n'ime iri atọ degrees. Record okpomọkụ bụ plus iri-na-asatọ. Ịmata ihe dị iche ụdị na akara diurnal fluctuations, mgbe ụfọdụ, na-eru ruo iri atọ degrees. Ka ihe atụ, n'oge okpomọkụ ikuku na-ewe iwe ruo iri anọ na ise, na na mgbede cools ala iri na ise. Mgbe ụfọdụ n'abalị e nwere frosts. Dị ka e kwuru n'elu, a na ụdị nke ihu igwe na-akpụzi na desert. Sugar bụ ndị kasị ama. Okpomọkụ-ahụkarị nke Mexico, North na South Africa, Arabia na Australia. Na ooh ebe nke ebe ndị a pụrụ ịchọta Savannah mpaghara na deciduous ọhịa.

Equatorial ihu igwe

Nke a n'onwe-ahụkarị nke ihu igwe na ebe nke Central belt nke Earth. A narị ole na ole kilomita n'ebe ndịda na n'ebe ugwu nke ụwa e nwere ndị dị otú ahụ a na mpaghara. Ọ na-esịne ke isi ụdị nke ihu igwe, nke e nwere na-anọ na anọ. Equatorial weather ji ọkwa kachasị nke okpomọkụ n'ime afọ. The etiti bụ banyere 25 degrees. Ke uwemeyo, ikuku nwere ike ụtọ ruo iri anọ, na n'abalị iji ajụkwa iri na ise. N'oge afọ, ndị dị otú ahụ okpomọkụ ọnọdụ na-agbanwebeghị. Ndị ọzọ ụdị ihu igwe e ji dịkarịa ala a obere mgbanwe nke a kara aka, ndị Equatorial na-anọchitekwa anya a na-adịgide adịgide n'oge okpomọkụ. The kacha ọnụ ke pụtara kwa ọnwa okpomọkụ nke na abụọ degrees ke ini etuep ọnwa. Ke adianade do, e nwere oké mmiri ozuzo, dị n'ụdị mmiri na thunderstorms. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ha pụrụ iru ọtụtụ iri puku millimeters. Ruru akwa evaporation okpomọkụ dị otú ahụ a region stably mma. The Equatorial ihu igwe na-akwanyere ya ùgwù site n'ogologo nke ìhè na-eru awa iri na abụọ. Nke a mpaghara e ji a ọgaranya na osisi fauna. Fọrọ nke nta ọkara nke ndị nile ẹdude umu nke ma ụmụ anụmanụ na osisi hụrụ kpomkwem na mpaghara nke Equatorial idụhe. Ọ bụ ahụkarị South America, Africa na Indonesia.

subpolar ihu igwe

Ga-ekwu okwu banyere dị n'etiti. Ị nwere ike mfe chọpụta ụdị idụhe ke Arctic ma ọ bụ na ụwa, ma ihe banyere, sịnụ, tundra? Ọ na-agwakọta Njirimara nke pola na ọnọdụ! Ya mere, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị n'etiti variants na-mata. Subpolar ihu igwe e ji ala volatility n'oge ọdịda nke narị ise millimeters, nke na-eduga ná swamps. Summer oyi ebe na mkpumkpu, na a okpomọkụ adịghị nnọọ iri na ise degrees Celsius, na oyi na ọ tụlee ka mwepu iri anọ na ise. Ókèala a na-kpuchie site permafrost na ji ntakiri ahịhịa nke lichens. Nke a ihu igwe gosiri ọdịiche dị n'ebe ugwu akụkụ nke Russia, Canada, Greenland, Scandinavia, Alaska na Antarctica.

subtropical idụhe

Nke a gbalaga na-agbatị n'etiti 30 na 40 degrees ugwu ma ọ bụ ndịda ohere. Ọ na-ekewa ndị ọnọdụ ihu igwe nke ebe okpomọkụ ụdị. The subtropics na-emi odude na United States, Asia, na Mediterranean, Japan, New Zealand na Australia. The subtropical ihu igwe na-ewere dị ka ihe kasị mma maka ụmụ mmadụ ọrịa. Ọ bụ omume na-igbunye abụọ a kara aka: a na-ekpo ọkụ ma na akọrọ n'oge okpomọkụ na jụụ oyi na udu mmiri, nke gbatịrị n'okpuru nduzi nke ikuku uka akpụ akpụ site na ọnọdụ zones. Kwa afọ okpomọkụ njupụta bụ ya zuru ezu nnukwu. Na okpomọkụ ikuku tọọ ruo iri atọ na ise, da abụọ degrees na a oyi n'abalị. N'oge ehihie, ihe dị iche na ndị bụ obere. Weere ndị kacha bụrụ ezigbo na July na August, oyi - January na February. Na Southern Hemisphere ọnọdụ na-nwesịrị. N'ihi na subtropical ihu igwe e ji Evergreen ọhịa, mgbe ụfọdụ, ọkara desat. The iche iche nke osisi ana achi achi weather, na-enye a isua gburugburu na-eto eto oge.

sub-Equatorial ihu igwe

Nke a na ụdị weather-enwe na ala emi odude dị n'okpuru ebe okpomọkụ mpaghara. Ọ bụ a na-akwụsị akwụsị. Summer na-adịkwaghị Equatorial uka na ukwuu oké mmiri ozuzo, ha nwere ike ịda ka puku mmadụ isii na millimeters. N'oge oyi, ọ bụ oge okpomọkụ monsoons na-enye ebe akọrọ na-ekpo ọkụ ikuku. N'oge oké ọkọchị mmiri ozuzo adịghị gafere iri na ise millimeters. Nke a na-eduga ná eziokwu na ebe a pụrụ ịhụ n'ụzọ doro kewara abụọ a kara aka: ezo oge na ọnwa nke oké ọkọchị. The okpomọkụ na-anọgide elu ofụri isua. N'oge oyi ọnwa ya tụlee nanị ole na ole degrees. Ke adianade do, kwa ụbọchị njupụta kwa obere: n'abalị, dị ka a na-achị, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka na-ekpo ọkụ dị ka ụbọchị. Sub-Equatorial ihu igwe e ji rainforests, ebe ọtụtụ ụmụ anụmanụ na-adị ndụ - òké, carnivores, artiodactyla.

Maritime ihu igwe

Ọ kwesịkwara ịmata ihe dị iche iche zones dị n'ime na a otu mpaghara. I nwere ike igbunye a agafeghị oke mmiri ma ọ bụ ebe okpomọkụ mmiri ihu igwe, nke nwere myirịta ụfọdụ, n'agbanyeghị nnukwu ihe dị iche. Ya mere nke a ụdị bụ ndị e ji amata ebe na n'ụsọ oké osimiri. Ọ e ji ntakiri fluctuations na ma kwa afọ na kwa ụbọchị okpomọkụ na nnọọ ezigbo ikwu n'ụzọ kara aka. Maritime ihu igwe e ji ifufe dị ike, elu igwe-oji na mgbe nile iru mmiri. Nke a na ebe nwere ike hụrụ, ihe atụ, na Western Europe.

continental idụhe

Nke a weather nkwenkwe ógbè dị na a nkebi nke mmiri idụhe. Gịnị bụ ya atụmatụ? Continental ụdị ihu igwe e ji anwụ na-acha ihu igwe na anticyclones na nnukwu njupụta nke ma kwa afọ kwa ụbọchị okpomọkụ. Oge okpomọkụ ebe a ngwa ngwa dochie oyi. Continental idụhe ụdị nwere ike n'ihu kewara nwayọọ, nkọ na mgbe nile. Ihe nlereanya kasị mma bụ akụkụ bụ isi nke ókèala nke Russia.

mmiri udu ihu igwe

Nke a na ụdị weather e ji a nkọ dị iche n'etiti oyi na okpomọkụ okpomọkụ. N'oge ọkụ ọnwa, na ihu igwe na-kpụrụ site n'oru nke ifufe na-afụ ndị si n'oké osimiri na ala akọrọ. Ya mere mmiri udu ụdị idụhe ke ndaeyo-echeta oké osimiri, na oké mmiri ozuzo, elu igwe-oji cover, iru mmiri na oké ifufe. N'oge oyi, ikuku uka agbanwe direction. Mmiri udu ụdị ihu igwe na-amalite na yiri a continental - na a doo anya na kentuoyi ihu igwe na ntakiri mmiri ozuzo nile oge. Dị otú ahụ ọdịiche dị njirimara eke ọnọdụ ruo ọtụtụ Asian mba - na-hụrụ na Japan, na-Far East na nke dị n'ebe ugwu India.