"Iju War" - a ... "foni War" nke 1939-1940. na Western Front

Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ na-ekewa a plurality nke oge. Na mmalite nke ndị agha, n'agbanyeghị eziokwu na Britain na France kwuru agha Germany, ndị na-ọnụ ọgụgụ agha na e gbapụ. Akpa, na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ, na mgbe ahụ merenụ na mba historiography a na-akpọ "iju agha".

Ntoputa nke okwu

Okwu ahụ bụ "phony agha" - bụ a free translation nke American oru nta akuko cliché foni War. Nkebi okwu pụtara na US pịa na mmalite ụbọchị nke European esemokwu. The nkịtị translation nke ahịrịokwu - ụgha ma ọ bụ adịgboroja agha.

Ozugbo Germany, wee ike, Adolf Hitler, ọ malitere a iwu nke ịdị n'otu nke ala bi German na-asụ ọtụtụ. Na 1938, Alaeze Ukwu nke Atọ sitere Austria. A ọnwa ole na ole mgbe e mesịrị na ọ na-arụ Sudetenland na Czechoslovakia.

The ike ike omume nke Hitler egwu ndị agbata obi ya. Poland bụ esote n'okpuru agha. Dị ka ihe ndị mbụ World War , o nwetara mbụ German anāchi achi, nke kwere ka mba iru Baltic Oké Osimiri. Onye Ndú choro nloghachi nke ala ndị a. The Polish ọchịchị ekweghị gaa na onye agbata obi ohere. Maka nchebe karị Warsaw ọchịchị banyere n'ime njikọ aka ha na France na England. Dị ka a ọhụrụ akwụkwọ, ná mba ndị a nwere na-abịa ka enyemaka nke Poland na ihe omume nke German ịchọ okwu.

War cheere ogologo. September 1939 1 , Germany wakporo Poland. Ụbọchị abụọ gasịrị, France na Britain kwuru agha Alaeze Ukwu nke Atọ dị na ha nkwekọrịta na Warsaw. Na Poland anyị olileanya na enyem-aka nke Western allies ịdọpụ uche dị ka ọtụtụ German nkewa. N'ezie, ihe niile tụgharịa nnọọ ndị na-abụghị.

Siegfried akara

Polish-ekwuchitere mba na London na Paris gbara ndị òtù na-amalite ihe ozugbo niile na-akpasu iwe iji gbochie ndị Germany ẹkemụm na-emeri na igba. Ọ-adịghị anya wee doo anya na Britain na France ama ọbụna kwadebere a plan of edinam ke ikpe mmalite nke nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ esemokwu. "Foni War" gosiri na a ọjọọ ìhè.

Allied ọchịagha na n'oge September kpebiri na ọzọ izu abụọ ga-nchikota ndi mmadu di, mgbe nke ahụ French ga na-awakpo na Siegfried Line. Ọ bụ aha nke a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu usoro nke e wusiri ike, nke e wuru na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke Germany. 630 kilomita nke akara nke na-azara ọnụ dị mkpa iji chebe ndị obodo si French iwe. E nwere ike nke ihe, dị ka nke ọma dị ka ihe owuwu ndị dị mkpa maka nchebe nke tankị na bipu.

Maginot akara

France nwekwara nwere ya akara nke na-azara ọnụ, wuru bụrụ na nke agha na Germany. Ọ a na-akpọ Maginot Line. Ọ bụ na ndị a na n'ókèala guzo agha ekenịmde ruo mgbe "phony agha." Nke a bụ-emegide nkwa nke okporo osisi na-arụsi ọrụ ike aka na-alụso ndị Germany.

The German iwu kpọgara ya n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ ala 43 nkewa. Ha nwere iji chebe onwe ha dị ka ogologo dị ka ọ chịlie aka elu nke Poland. Na Germany ezi kpebiri na a agha na abụọ asakde iso ese ga-anyịgbu mba.

N'ihi ya, nanị ụzọ maka France aka Poland ẹkedori ihe rụrụ na a warara ngalaba nke ókè-ala na Alaeze Ukwu nke Atọ. Na Paris, nwere ike na-enye na iji ịkwaga agha site Belgium na Netherlands, n'ihi na ikpe ya imebi ha kwuru na-anọpụ iche. Ya mere, ha isi German agha na-etinye na a 144 kilometa gbatia nke osimiri Mosel na Rhine. Siegfried akara ebe a gbara ya gburugburu minefields. Ọ fọrọ nke nta-apụghị imeri emeri akara.

Nkịtị ahụ ndị jikọrọ aka

Ruo mgbe September 17 "phony agha" - a obodo ọgụ n'etiti mba abụọ na mmachi ebe. Ha bilie fọrọ nke nta spontaneously na ọ dịghị ihe a pụrụ isi kwuo na mkpokọta ọnọdụ na n'ihu. French nchikota ndi mmadu di e-egbu oge ruru ka abakwaghị uru nke general conscription usoro. Isonye enweghị oge ọbụna rue mbụ isi ọzụzụ dị mkpa iji lanarị na ọgụ. Ihe ọzọ mere ndị na-egbu oge mmalite nke Paris bụ ọdịda nke UK ngwa ngwa nyefee ndị agha na Afrika. "Foni War" kere ruo Poland nọ na-ewere obodo mgbe obodo. September 17 na mbuso agha nke USSR, mgbe ahụ, Republic akpatre osụhọ, sandwiched n'etiti abụọ ebido. N'oge a "phony agha" na Western Front emeghị ka Germany dịghị nsogbu: The Third Reich e aku methodically emeri-apụghị ịzọ onwe agbata obi. Mgbe na-arụ nke Poland malitere ọrụ megide Denmark na Norway.

Saar iwe

Ka ọ dịgodị, French akpatre malitere imegide, nke a bịara mara na historiography ka Saar. Ọ bụ akụkụ nke mkpọsa, nke bụ a "phony agha." Mkpebi siri ike nke na ime atụmatụ dara n'ubu nke Gustave Gamelin. French agha merela agadi nke mbụ izu naanị 20-30 kilomita.

French na-ọnụ ọgụgụ na-akpasu iwe ga-amalite on 20 September. Otú ọ dị, na nke 17, e kpebiri ịkwaga ya n'ihi ihe ajọ ọnọdụ nke Poland. N'ezie, Western jikọrọ aka nyefere, ma ọ bụghị na-amalite a isi agha megide Reich, untied Hitler aka, nke nwere ike mfe ka ha ahụ ka ndị ọzọ na mpaghara na ya nkwubi okwu ezi uche. Nke a bụ n'ihi, nke mere na "phony agha". Mkpebi siri ike nke ọkara hearted allies mkpọsa nwere na US, ebe pịa were iwe passivity nke France na Great Britain.

Plan "Gelb"

First Germany ulo oru a counter-akpasu iwe na 16 October. N'oge a ọrụ, na French ekpe niile nwere a ole na ole ọnọdụ na ndị azụ na uzo nke Maginot Line. Oge gafere, ma ka na-aka iso otu "phony agha." Gịnị ka ọ na-agbalị iji zaa ọtụtụ akụkọ ihe mere eme ugbua na peacetime. Ha niile wee ọgwụgwụ na ọnọdụ na n'ihu agbanwe mgbe Wehrmacht malitere mejuputa atụmatụ "Gelb". Ọ bụ ihe ọrụ nke nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ mbuso agha nke Belgium, Netherlands na France. "Phony agha" biri ụbọchị nke German iwe (May 10, 1940). Nke a definition e ofu n'ime ọnwa ole na ole nke arụghị ọrụ allies. N'oge a, Germany bụ ike jidere a ole na ole mba Europe na iji nwetara ya n'azụ, na-amalite bụrụkwa agha ihe megide France, nke biri June 22, 1940 na aka n'ime nkwekorita Compiegne. Dị ka akwụkwọ a, France e biri.