Inorganics

Inorganics - dị chemical ogige nke n'adịghị ịba organic carbon (ndị ọzọ karịa cyanides, carbides, carbon oxides, carbonates na ụfọdụ ndị ọzọ ogige omenala nke otu a).

Nhazi ọkwa nke inorganic bekee dị ka ndị a. E nwere a mfe: nonmetals (H2, N2, O2), ọla (Na, Zn, Fe), amphoteric mfe umi (igwe, Zn, Al), dị mma, haruru (Xe, Ọ, Rn) na mgbagwoju bekee oxides (H2O, CO2, P2O5); hydroxides (Ca (OH) 2, H2SO4); salts (CuSO4, NaCl, KNO3, Ca3 (PO4) 2) na a ọnụọgụ abụọ compound.

Simple ụmụ irighiri (singleton) bekee na-ugbua ka enwere naanị ụfọdụ atọm (otu) nke ụdị (ọcha). Ha adịghị amalite irekasị na chemical Jeremaya mere na-adịghị ike nke na-akpụ ọzọ bekee. Simple bekee n'aka na-ekewa n'ime ọla na-abụghị ọla. Clear ókè-ala n'etiti ha adịghị adị n'ihi na nke ike nke dị mfe bekee igosipụta sọrọ Njirimara. Ụfọdụ igosipụta Njirimara nke ọcha n'out oge na ọla na nonmetals. Ha na-akpọ amphoteric.

Noble, haruru - a iche iche klas nke inorganic bekee; Ha na-eguzo n'etiti ndị ọzọ pụrụ iche n'echiche. Ndị a bụ ihe nke VIIIA-otu.

The ike nke ụfọdụ nke ndị ọcha na-etolite a ole na ole dị mfe iche Ọdịdị na Njirimara, na-akpọ allotropism. Ihe Nlereanya nke ọcha nwere ike C, carbyne akpụ diamond na graphite; O - ozone na oxygen; P - ọcha, red, nwa na ndị ọzọ. Nke a na onu bụ ikekwe n'ihi na dị iche iche ọnụ ọgụgụ nke atọm na molekul na guzobere na nke ike atọm nke dị iche iche crystalline iche-iche.

E wezụga mfe isi inorganic umi na klas na-agụnye mgbagwoju ogige. N'okpuru mgbagwoju (abụọ- ma ọ bụ multi-ọcha) ogige pụtara ogige nke chemical ọcha. Ndị a na ụmụ irighiri iso nke atọm iche iche iche iche (iche iche ọcha). Mgbe expansions na chemical Jeremaya mere na ha na-etolite ọzọ ndị ọzọ bekee. Kewara a isi, oxides, asịd na salts.

The bases jikọọ na metal atọm nke hydroxyl iche iche (ma ọ bụ a otu). A ogige na-ekewa n'ime soluble (alkali) na unyi anaghị agbasa na mmiri.

Oxides na-ekewet nke abụọ ọcha, otu onye nke bụchaghị bụ oxygen. Ha na-nesoleobrazuyuschimi na nnu na-akpụ.

Hydroxides - ndị bekee nke na-guzobere n'oge na mmekọrịta (kpọmkwem ma ọ bụ anọ) na mmiri. Ndị a gụnyere: a isi (Al (OH) 3, Ca (OH) 2), acid (HCl, H2SO4, HNO3, H3PO4 ), amphoteric hydroxides (Al (OH) 3, Zn (OH) 2). Na na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti iche iche nke hydroxides ii oxygenated salts.

Salts na-ekewa n'ime usoro (esịnede cations na anions - Ca3 (PO4) 2, Na2SO4); acid (na acid moiety nwere hydrogen atọm nke bụ replaceable site cations -NaHSO3, CaHPO4), isi (na-ekewet nke ihe oxo ma ọ bụ hydroxo - Cu2CO3 (OH) 2); abụọ (nwere abụọ dị iche iche reactive cation) na / ma ọ bụ mgbagwoju (nwere abụọ dị iche iche acidic fọduru) nnu (CaMg (CO3) 2, K3 [Fe (CN) 6]).

Ọnụọgụ abụọ compound (a pụtara nnukwu klas nke ihe) kewara anoxic acid (H2S, HCl); salts anoxic (CaF2, NaCl) na ndị ọzọ ogige (CaC2, AlH3, CS2).

Inorganic ihe nwere carbon ọkpụkpụ, nke bụ ihe ndabere nke organic ogige.

Ahụ mmadụ, dị ka organic bekee (34%), dị ka ndị inorganic compound. Nke ikpeazụ na-agụnye, bụ isi, mmiri (60%) na calcium nnu nke nke mejupụtara predominantly mmadụ ọkpụkpụ.

Inorganic bekee na ahụ mmadụ na-22 chemical ọcha. Ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ ọla. Dabere na ịta nke ọcha na ahụ na-akpọ ha micro- (na organism nke bụ karịa 0,005% site na ibu) na macrocells. Mkpa maka organism micronutrients bụ ayodiin, ígwè, ọla kọpa, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, cobalt, chromium, selenium, Fluoride. Ha dietary oriri na ahụ dị mkpa maka ya nkịtị ndụ. Macronutrients dị ka calcium, site na chlorine bụ ihe ndabere nke ọtụtụ arọ.