Ivan Gonta: biography

Ivan Gonta - otu n'ime pụtara ìhè ọgụgụ nke Ukrainian mere eme. Aha ya ghọrọ ihe nnọchianya nke na-alụ maka nnwere onwe nke mba. The oyiyi nke mba dike n'ụzọ zuru ezu karị kọwara na uri T. G. Shevchenko "Haydamaky". Ozi banyere ewu ewu nsogbu na-ede uri chọrọ ndiife ifo na akụkọ na-emeghị, nke otu onye nke agwa omume bụ Ivan Gonta.

biography

Ozi banyere ọmụmụ Ivan nnọọ aka ntagide. Ọ maara na a mụrụ ya n'ime obodo nke Rossoshka, nke a ugbu a dị na Cherkassy mpaghara. Nne na nna ya serfs. The kpọmkwem ụbọchị a mụrụ ya ka na-amaghị, ma na-eme nnyocha na-akpata oyi n'ahụ site 1740. Na nwata Ivan Gonta, site ya mbo, ọ bụ Cossack agha Court magnate Potocki, onye n'oge ahụ kpam kpam, nna ukwu nke Uman. N'agbanyeghị ya ala si malite, Ivan ọma gụrụ akwụkwọ. Ikenyeneke mbiet nwe nke Polish asụsụ, na-ewu ewu na ezi nkà ime nhazi ghọrọ ihe ndabere maka ngwa ngwa nkwalite. Na 1757, a nwoke onye oru ugbo nwa a họpụtara agha nke Court agha Potocki.

trostii

Gụrụ akwụkwọ na nkà na-eto eto Cossack dọọrọ uche magnate Potocki. Na-adịghị anya n'ebe ha mara ụlọikwuu na-ekwu okwu banyere ihe ọhụrụ trostii nke eserese, nke ghọrọ Ivan Gonta. Outbuildings Cossacks, ikekwe iwe dị otú ahụ na-enwe ọganihu nwa afọ nke ala ọmụmụ. Earl me ya ndika subordination nke gentry ma dọba n'okpuru iwu nke gọvanọ Uman. N'oge ozi ya Ivan Gonta na 1755 o ketara eketa ala nna ya obodo na n'obodo nta dị nso Rossoshka Odarovku. N'oge ahụ, ndị ikwu ya nile biri Rossoshka: nne, nwunye, ụmụ. The ezinụlọ anọ toro eto ndị inyom na a nwa nwoke. Onwunwe nke obodo ntà nye ya a uru nke 20 puku zlotys a afọ -. A nnọọ siri ike ego n'oge ahụ.

Gaunt na okwukwe

Large uru si eguzosi ike n'ihe ọrụ Potocki ike ịnapụ onyeisi onwe nkwenkwe na emeghị ka ọ bụrụ ngwá na-aka nke ndị ọzọ. Ivan Gonta enweghị ọchịchọ nke okporo osisi ịmanye Katọlik na Orthodox bi Ukraine. On ya onyinye wuru a ebube Orthodox Church ya nwaafo obodo, na ezinụlọ na-akpọ onyeisi churchwarden - na ha ego e wuru na-ese mbuli elu nke Cross ụka obodo Volodarka. Ọ bụ na nke a na chọọchị ẹnịm mgbidi osise, nke na-egosi Ivan Gonta. Photo agha, nke nwere ike hụrụ na oge a akwụkwọ ọgụgụ, ọ na-ewepụ a Eserese.

Nnọọ anya I. Gaunt bịara mara dị ka onye ọnọ ọtọdọks okwukwe. Ọ e-bịakwutere nnọchiteanya nke chọọchị Ọtọdọks nile Ukraine. Nke a eluigwe na ala support mere ka ọ maara ahụ, nke a nwere a nnukwu mmetụta na-achụso na echiche nke ndị nnọchiteanya nke Ukrainian klaasị.

Haydamaky

Site na njedebe nke May 1768 na Uman nụrụ asịrị banyere otu uka nsogbu Haidamaks, nke na-aga site Maxim Zhelezniak. Ha were otu obodo mgbe ọzọ, ji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-eru nso ka Uman. Rafał Mladanovich gọvanọ Uman, a manyere ka i mee ihe na-ewusi obodo. O mechiri isi n'ọnụ ụzọ ámá, ndị nche steepụ nlezianya enyocha ndị niile chọrọ banye n'obodo. Na n'okporo ámá e nwere ọtụtụ ndị agha Cossacks, na ebe omumu nke bụ na Uman. Iji belata ohere nye, Mladanovich Cossacks amanye ịkwado Potocki.

Gaunt na Zhelezniak

Site na iji nke gọvanọ ụlọ mposi agha izute ndị nnupụisi. Ma-eji onwe ha agha dị ka gọvanọ nke Polish kpere n'ikpe okpu. Nso obodo nke Sokolovka zutere Ivan Gonta Maxim Zheleznyak. Mgbe okwu, na Cossacks ụgbọala ya na ndi-isi na sonyeere ndị nnupụisi. The ikpeazụ mmakọ nke abụọ agha nke 18 June 1768 mere n'okpuru Uman mgbidi. Ndị nnupụisi kpebiri oké ifufe obodo.

Uman ọdachi

Uman ewere kere banyere otu na ọkara ụbọchị. The agbachitere obodo edunye na militias, nke weakly ekesịpde obere ogwe aka. One-oge volley si niile egbe nke ebe e wusiri ike gburugburu na anwụrụ ọkụ, na-eke a na ok ákwà. N'iji a, ndị nnupụisi ọma stormed ebe e wusiri ike mgbidi na ba n'obodo. Ndị sochirinụ akanade bụ egwu.

Haydamaky gburu okporo osisi, ndị Juu, Ruthenians, ìgwè ewu na abughi ndi-okenye, ma ọ bụ ndị inyom. Dị ka ndụ ji anya, ọbara nke ndị gburu e wụsara n'elu nbata-uzọ nke ebe obibi ha ma ụlọ nsọ, na-asọpụta site na n'okporo ámá. Dị ka dị iche iche atụmatụ, nwụrụ na ụbọchị abụọ na iri abụọ na puku ndị mmadụ.

Colonel Gaunt

Mgbe na-ewere Uman ọtụtụ na-atụ egwu mmegwara ozugbo ekpe n'ohu ndị nnupụisi. Gonta Ivan na Zhelezniak Maxim ẹkenịmde a n'ozuzu kansul. Mkpebi nke ọtụtụ, e kenyere iwu nke na-enupu isi agha. Maxim Zhelezniak - Hetman nke ọhụrụ agha, na Ivan Gonta - Colonel. Ndị dị n'ókèala n'okpuru nnupụisi ikike, iji kpochapụ oru ọrụ, guzosie ike Cossack iwu na omenala. The ndú nke na-enupu isi ije mere ihe iji na-agbasa echiche ha nile Ukraine.

Betrayal na ọnwụ

The ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị nsogbu nsogbu nke ukwuu ndị ọchịchị nke Russian Alaeze Ukwu. N'okpuru iwu nke Catherine II izute ndị nnupụisi kpaliri agha Colonel Guryev. Vtershis ịtụkwasị ndị nnupụisi ahụ, ọ gbara ya gburugburu na-Cossack agha ya isi weghaara. Ivana Gontu e nyere ndị osisi, na Maxim Zhelezniak ikpe ọnwụ site wheel. Otú ọ dị, mgbe e mesịrị Eze Nwanyị Ukwu dochie ikpe na zitere ya na-eje ozi na ịrụ ọrụ mmanye.

Ivana Gontu e nyere ndị Polish ọchịchị. Mgbe osisi ịta, nke e kere ụbọchị iri, Gaunt ama ikpe a pụrụ iche ikpe, esịnede onye nchụàjà na atọ ndị mọnk. Ọ ikpe ọnwụ, nke a na-enwekarị egwu ịta - quartering, ekpepụsị anụ ahụ, na ihe ndị ọzọ. N'ụbọchị nke atọ, ekele maka obi ike Cossack okpueze hetman Ksaveriy Branitsky Gonta nyere iwu bipu isi-ya na ude nke obi ike na obi ike ikpe. Ikpe nwụrụ July 13, 1768. The foduru nke mba dike e kpọgidere osisi na 14 n'obodo nke Ukraine.

Ukrainian ala ọzọ na ọzọ ntụpọ na ọbara nke na-ewu ewu nnupụisi, ma ebe nchekwa nke Ivan Gonta na Maksim Zheleznyaki ka nọgidere na akụkọ ballads nke Ukraine ndị mmadụ.