Kwantum engine: ihe na ụkpụrụ nke na ngwaọrụ. Kwantum engine Leonov

Isiokwu nke ohere ngagharị na oge anyị bụ bụghị dị ka na-ewu ewu dị ka ụbọchị nke USSR. Ọ na-emetụta a buru ibu ọtụtụ ihe, ma isi nwere ike na-akpọ kpọmkwem enweghị evolushọn na teknuzu nke. Otú ọ dị, Russian ọkà mmụta sayensị Vladimir Semenovich Leonov arụ ọrụ na a kwantum engine.

biography

Ga-amasị m na-amalite na a oké mmadụ mere eme - Vladimir Semenovich Leonov, ma, n'ụzọ dị mwute, ihe ọmụma banyere ya abụghị nke ukwuu. Anyị nwere ike ikwu na nke a pụtara ìhè bụ a usoro iwu physics na experimenter ozugbo. Leonov ghọkwara-eto eto nke na-Russian Government Award na sayensị na nkà na ụzụ. Ọ na-ewe ebe ke akpa narị isi ụlọ ọrụ na Commonwealth nke sayensị. O kwetara na CIS Director nke Year na 2007. Ọ bụ isi mmebe na isi nke JSC "NPO quanton". Leonov bụ akwụkwọ nke na nkà mmụta sayensị chọpụtara quanton (ohere oge kwantum). Ọ kere ozizi Superunification Leonov. Nke a ozizi a ghọtara site ozizi nke narị afọ, na ya direction bụ a ọhụrụ ume na ike oru (ma terrestrial na ohere).

Ọzọkwa ke 2007, Leonov wuru ya laabu, nke bụ na a na-akpọ - "Laboratory Leonov." N'otu oge, mgbe a obere oge, ọ malitere inwe ike ndọda, ọdịdị zuru oke nke nke bụ jikwaa. More kpomkwem, ọ rụkwara ọrụ ahụ e kere eke nke dị otú ahụ engine nke ga-ike cravings enweghị anapụta mmeghachi omume uka. The results nke omumu akụkụ-enweta na ugbu a ndị o kere eke imezi dị ka "kwantum engine Leonov", ọtụtụ ndị ga-ekwu na nke a bụ ọdịnihu nke moto.

Nke ahụ bụ nnọọ a okwu ole na ole nwere ike ịgwa banyere onye a. Dị ka ị pụrụ ịhụ, na onye Leonova-abụghị ọha na eze na-mara naanị na obere okirikiri, ma ya chọpụtara natara a otutu bu. Nke ahụ bụ na ha ma na chọrọ akọwa n'uju.

ozizi Superunification

Ihe mbụ na-amalite na, nke bụ ihe ga-eme tupu ihe emee maka ihe e kere eke Leonova engine. Na nke a bụ nnọọ a Ozizi, a na-akpọ Superunification. Ọ kpọ aha-ya n'ihi na e mere ya na ikpokọta anọ interactions. Ma n'oge sayensị ka ghọtara ịdị adị nke na atọ, nke anọ mmewere kọrọ - na ndọda ike. Ozizi ya were ya si malite si eriri ozizi na supersymmetry Alberta Eynshteyna. Iji ghara ịbanye nkọwa banyere nke a, ọ bụ naanị na-ekwu na ọ Superunification ozizi nwere ike mee ka ndị dị otú ahụ a na sayensị dị ka ume, na-na nnọọ ọhụrụ larịị.

Ma ọ bụ na-atụ aro na ebe nile nke ọnụnọ iche iche, nke, dị mwute ikwu, nke ugbu a ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-adịghị n'ime akaụntụ. Otú ọ dị, ndị a ọcha enye n'ihu ọha, ma ọ bụghị onye ọzọ, ma site na Onye Okike nke oge Isiokwu nke Ihe - Mendeleev. Ọbụna ihe mbụ n'ụdị nke table gụnyere abụọ efu mmewere. Ma Ewoo, mgbe esichara na wepụrụ "enweghị isi" urughuru. Mkpa maka ozizi Superunification mmewere akpọ Newton, ọ bụ mmewere nke ether. Mendeleev onwe ya pinned oké olileanya na Newton, na ọ kpọ aha-ya na nsọpụrụ nke oké physics Newton.

ozi izugbe

Na-ekwu okwu banyere rụzuru nke ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na akpa ebe banyere ya kasị ukwuu unit, na-akpọ kwantum engine Leonova. Mgbe na-eke ya na-ede akwụkwọ dị nnọọ gwara a ihe, dị ka Newton. Otú ọ dị, Leonov ya mere mere na-akpọ, ọ na-akpọ ya a Canton, na-ekwu na naanị na mmekọrịta a mmewere ị nwere ike ịmepụta ihe kpamkpam ọhụrụ ike osisi emana.

Dabere na nke a, anyị nwere ike ikwu na obi ike na Superunification Ozizi nwere ikike adị, na ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-agbalị iji gbaghaa. Otú ọ dị, Leonov nwere obi ike na-aga azụ ma na-echeta na-echefu mmewere, ma ọ bụghị nanị na-echeta, ma na-eji ya dị ka a amalite na ha nnyocha.

Mgbe e mesịrị na isiokwu ọ na-aga ozugbo na engine.

The mepụtara nke Leonov

On mbụ ya, na-ekwu okwu nke unit, a na-akpọ a kwantum moto ga-echefu banyere onu nke photon engine. Ọ na-ekwu na-ede akwụkwọ, dị ka a abụọ engine Ọ nwere a kpamkpam dị iche iche atụmatụ na bụghị yiri kwantum. Ugbu a, n'ihi na n'ụzọ doro anya, na foto ga-mata isi ọdịiche dị n'etiti ha. The ala akara bụ na photon engine Ọ na-kwadoro site na mbibi nke antimatter na okwu, ya bụ, na-emepụta a torque mmeghachi omume ogwe aka, nke agabiga ihe. Kwantum engine na-arụ ọrụ dị nnọọ iche. N'ihi na ije, ọ na-eji ike nke ndọda ebili mmiri na-na-ekwedo nke uwa onwe ya. Nke a variant ọkà mmụta sayensị jụ ozugbo, na-akpọ ya na-arụ ọrụ nke pseudo-sayensị, na ugbu a nnọọ na-agbalị iji kwalite ihe dịwo guzosie ike na-eme bụ nanị, ike agwụ ya nwere. Na na, Olee ihe enyemaka na-ekwu okwu, ọ dịghị mkpa iji gosi na mkpa na-àgwà nke mbụ zuru-fledged rọketi Wernher von Braun na oge a. The eziokwu na oge a na roket engine na abụọ ugboro elu karịa na mbụ. Nke a na-egosi na e nwere kemgbe ihe zuru ịgba, na n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ na nke a direction ga ma ada, ma ọ bụ nanị isi.

Dị ka ihe atụ, a nuclear rọketi engine dị nnọọ ize ndụ, na moto bụghị ike na-egosi dị ukwuu traction, nke pụtara na ọ bụ adịghị mma ẹkedori rọketi n'ime ohere. Ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-engine Leonova, o yiri incredibly ekwe. Ị pụrụ ọbụna iche n'echiche ihe ga-eso mgbanwe, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ na-ọma-emejuputa atumatu. Maa, na radically gbanwee technology na, akpan akpan, na Usoro. Ya mere na ọ dịkarịa ala a obere bit ịghọta ya nwere, ezuola ọ na-ekwu na, theoretically, site na ọ na ọnwa nwere ike ruru na awa anọ na Mars - n'ime nanị ụbọchị abụọ.

Nlele na a moto

Mgbe ọ dị afọ Leonov Vladimir Semenovich bụ ihe ịrịba ego nke ahụmahụ na a dịgasị iche iche nke nwere. Otú ọ dị, mgbe ọ jụrụ banyere ya, o kwuru ozugbo amalite ikwu okwu banyere kasị pụta ìhè, nke mere na 2009. Experimenter onwe ya ọ na-ekwu na ọ bụrụ na ọ bụ ike ike kwantum ndọda engine, nke nyere osooso nke ihe na-enweghị iji na nke a a reactive ike. Ọ na-a akwụkwọ mgbe, n'ihi na site na oge Leonov ike ebuli ihe ekwesị na ndu rails enweghị iji actuator na wheel-ha. Nke a na onu bụ, na okwu nke onye nchoputa, na-egosi na ozizi, dị ka e kwuru n'elu.

Mgbe pụtara ịga nke ọma nke hour nke udo, na mgbe afọ ise, naanị na 2014, bench ule e duziri, ebe ga-eme n'ọdịnihu nke moto ahụ. The results, o gosiri ịrịba: n'agbanyeghị na ya ibu bụ iri ise na anọ kilos, na ọkụ Tinyenụ ruru-apụghị ichetụ n'echiche na narị kilogram-agha, mgbe osooso bụ 10 joules. Ọ bụkwa na-akpali na engine onwe ya na-achọ naanị ọkụ eletrik na nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ na-enweghị a ahu. Ọzọkwa dabeere na nnwale a ọ hụrụ na ọkụ eletrik na-efu ego na naanị otu watt. Àgwà ndị a na-pụtara, dị ka kasị oge a ugboelu engine rọketi nke na-adị ugbu a site na naanị otu onye na-iri kilogram-agha, imefusị otu onye kilowatt nke eletrik.

Ọ na-anọgide na na naanị were ihe ga-eme ma ọ bụrụ na kwantum engine na-kere. Mgbe ahụ payload rọketi esịmde iri itoolu percent. Na n'agbanyeghị na ọ bụ ugbu a na a obere ise percent.

skepticism ọkà mmụta sayensị

N'agbanyeghị nke nwere rụrụ, ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na ubi ka Leonova engine bụ obi abụọ, na-asị na ya na-arụ ọrụ na a agụụ ga-arụ ọrụ.

Onwe ya Vladimir Semenovich osobo otu, na-emegide ndị Russian Academy nke Sciences na Commission maka agha megide pseudoscience, akpan akpan. Na 2012, o kwuru, na-arụ ọrụ nwere ike na-akpọ nanị a mpụ, na mkparịta ụka na ya nke olileanya na-oru ngo - ghaara ya ụgha. Ọzọkwa Leonova e nwere nghọta na ọrụ - a mba ọzọ pụrụ iche oru ngo, nke Aims iji kwụsị na nkà na ụzụ na-enwe ọganihu nke obodo ya.

Ọzọkwa ọ ga-ahụ kwuru na mmepe na a direction na-eduzi ọ bụghị nanị na Russia, ma ná mba ọzọ, karịsịa na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ. Otú ọ dị, kwantum rọketi engines USA, Russia na China na-dị iche iche, kama na-ekwu, ha atụmatụ bụ nanị dị iche iche, n'ihi na ọ dịghị onye chọrọ na-achọpụta ya nzuzo. Ma ịga nke ọma anyị na ibe ná mba ọzọ bụ negligible, na iche na mba itunanya.

Ọ ga-kwuru-eji obi ụtọ na ịnụ ọkụ n'obi Leonov na ya ịhụ mba n'anya, ọ na-adịghị onye naele RAS okwu ma na m n'aka na modernization na ụba na ibu ga-abịa na mgbe abụọ ma ọ bụ atọ na afọ. Nke a, na mberede, bụ nke yiri ná nkwa President Vladimir Putin nke Russian Federation.

Leonov nwekwara criticizes chọpụtara Higgs boson. Back na 2012, ọ na-emegide echiche, na-asị na nsogbu ya bụ na 1996, mgbe efu mmewere e dị na oge table - otu quanton.

Uru nke kwantum moto

N'elu ederede e zigara ya a plurality nke kwantum engine uru tụnyere reactive ma ọ bụ photon. Ma ka bara uru ọ na-anakọta ihe nile na otu ebe na ikpokọta niile nke ndepụta maka mma. N'ihi ya, engine Leonov nwere ndị na-esonụ uru:

1. Ninety tọn payload. Ndị ọzọ okwu, na itoolu pasent, mgbe ugbo elu ugboelu engines naanị iru ise percent.
2. Oke ọsọ. Rọketi na engine ike nke na-emepe emepe n'ime otu puku kilomita kwa nke abụọ, mgbe ahụ Rd amalite iri na asatọ kilomita kwa nke abụọ.
3. Ekwe omume nke accelerated ngagharị. Ngwa pụta ụwa ogologo-akwadoghị akwado nzube.
4. Iberibe na ọnwa na a engine ga-adịgide adịgide maka atọ na ọkara awa, mgbe Mars - nanị ụbọchị abụọ.
5. Egosipụta. Leonova engine ike ga-eji ọ bụghị nanị na na ohere ụlọ ọrụ, ọ bụ n'ụzọ zuru okè idi dị otú ahụ ọnọdụ, n'okpuru mmiri, na ikuku na ihe n'ala.
6. Nke a engine ga-enwe ike dịkwuo kacha elu nke ụgbọelu, ya mere ha nwere ike iru akara nke otu narị kilomita.
7. Low mmanụ ụgbọala oriri. Engine kwesịrị nnọọ nta ike, na ọ bụ n'ihi na eziokwu na ekwe ntị ga-ofufe site inertia.
8. The ụgbọelu ga-enwe ike ofufe maka otu afọ na-enweghị ọzọ refueling.
9. Ọ bụrụ na akụrụngwa ga-arụnyere kwantum engine, na n'aka, ọ ga-akpata oyi Fusion, ụgbọala ga-enwe ike ruo iri nde kilomita enweghị nkwụsị na petrol ụgbọ.
10. Nke a moto na-ọnọ na electric ike.

N'ezie, nke a bụ na-ezughị ezu ndepụta àgwà ọma nke engine, n'ihi na ọ dị adị naanị na ozizi. Ọ bụ nanị mgbe mmejuputa ga-abụ otu narị percent doro anya na ihe ndị ọ pụrụ ime.

ngwa

Ugbu a na-anọchi banyere niile ahụ, a engine nwere ike ji mee. N'ezie, isi na-ajụ bụ a ohere maka ya. Ọ bụ n'ihi na nke a na ga-kere, ma e nwere ndị ọzọ ebe nke ngwa. Ke adianade akụ ụta, ndị kwantum engine nwere ike itinye igwe, oké osimiri iga, okporo ígwè, ụgbọ elu na mmiri n'okpuru osimiri ugbo ala. Ọzọkwa, ọ zuru okè dabara maka ọkọnọ nke ot ebe obibi. Ọ na-adabara sintering nke ụlọ ihe ugbu a.

N'ihi ya, a chọpụtara ga-ekwe ka nnukwu agba, nke bụ ọtụtụ ugboro mfe ma melite ndụ nke ọtụtụ nde ndị mmadụ.

isi mmalite nke ike

N'ezie, anyị ga-echefu otú na-eri nri na kwantum engine, dị ka N'eziokwu ezigbo bụ, ọ dị mkpa ngwaọrụ maka ọrụ. Na isi iyi nke a ga-incredibly ike. Iji hụ na zuru okè oyi nuclear anọ na chernobyl, nke, n'aka, na-agba na nickel.

Nke a chernobyl bụ nnọọ mma karịa ẹdude n'anya, n'ihi na ọ bụ naanị otu kilogram nke nickel oyi anọ na mode bụ ike igbunye dị ka ume dị ukwuu dị ka otu nde kilogram nke mmanụ ụgbọala.

comparative e ji mara

All nke a, n'ezie, na-eziga niile technical akụkụ na uru nke engine, ma, dị ka okwu na-aga, ihe niile bụ ikwu. Gịnị na-eme ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-abịaru yiri ibe oge a rọketi engines na engine kwantum Vladimir Semenovich Leonov?

Ya mere, n'oge a na ohere engines otu kilowatt nke ike ike ọbọ nzube hà otu Newton, a bụ Ẹkot otu ụzọ n'ụzọ iri nke a kilogram-ike. Kwantum otu engine karịa a agha ọtụtụ ugboro. N'otu kilowatt nzube nke ya puku mmadụ ise newtons, nke bụ Ẹkot na narị ise kilogram-ike. Dị ka a pụrụ hụrụ Leonova development ike nke na a ezigbo abawanye na arụmọrụ, nke, n'aka, ga-enye ihe a kpọrọ mmadụ a ọhụrụ na nkà na ụzụ oge.