Nke obodo Russia guzogidere Mongolian agha n'oge a ọdịdọ?

Mongol-Tatar mbuso agha mere oké mmebi nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, akụ na ụba na omenala mmepe nke Russia. Invasion nke Central Asia na-akwagharị akwagharị mere ka a-efegharị efegharị nke iguzogide anyị ndị mmadụ. Otú ọ dị, ndị bi na nke ụfọdụ e wusiri ike niile, onye họọrọ atọgbọ enweghị a agha, na-eto eto nke a mgbe ụfọdụ ilu ọmiko. Ka anyị chọpụta ihe obodo Russia guzogidere Mongol agha?

Mụrụ Mongol mbuso agha nke rus '

Great Mongolian warlord Genghis Khan guzosie ike a sara alaeze nke ókèala karịa ndị size of niile ruo mgbe ahụ ẹdude na-ekwu. Ọbụna mgbe ọ dị ndụ na-awagharị awagharị ìgwè wakporo oghere nke Azov Sea, ebe Agha nke Kalka River chụlaga Russian-Polovtsian agha. Ọ na-kweere na ọ bụ a nyoputa onyeiro na ike, e mere ka n'ihu kpuchie Mongol-Tatars ụzọ Eastern Europe.

The ozi nke mmeri nke ndị dị iche iche nke Europe e kenyere ụmụ nwa Genghis Khan, Jochi, nke e wepụtara maka ihe nketa n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ ulus nke alaeze ukwu. The mkpebi ije n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ e mere na vsemongolskom Kurultai na 1235. Na isi nke a buru ibu Mongol agha bụ nwa Jochi , Batu Khan (Batu).

First n'okpuru nrụgide nke ndị agha ya dara Bulgarian Khanate. Mgbe ahụ ọ kwagara ìgwè ndị agha ya na Russian isi. N'oge mbuso agha nke Batu e jide nnukwu obodo Russia, dị ka a ga-atụle n'okpuru n'ụzọ zuru ezu. Ubé ọzọ ndabara ọma na ndị bi n'ime ime obodo, n'ihi na ihe a kụrụ n'ubi na-azọda, na ọtụtụ n'ime ha ma gbuo ma ọ bụ mkpi n'agha.

Ya mere, ka anyị hụ ihe ndị obodo nke Russia guzogidere Mongolian agha.

Nọchibidoro Ryazan

Nke mbụ nke Russian obodo Mongol ike nke mmetụta nwetara Ryazan. Defense nke obodo ada Prince Ryazanskiy Yuriy Igorevich, bụ onye e nyere aka site nwa nwanne ya Oleg m nke Ryazan.

Mgbe mmalite nke nnọchibido nke Ryazan gosiri na ọrụ ebube nke heroism na ike ẹkenịmde obodo. Ha ọma oyi n'ahụ Mongol ọgụ n'ime ụbọchị ise. Ma mgbe ahụ Tatars me ha nọchibidoro ngwá agha, nke mụtara iji, ọzọ na-alụ ọgụ China. Ndị a oru ụlọ ọrụ ha jisiri gbarie mgbidi Ryazan ma na-obodo ruo ụbọchị atọ. Ọ mere na December 1237.

Prince Igor Y. e gburu Oleg Ingvarevich n'agha bi Ryazan obere egbu, nwere obere wepugara onwe-n'ọhịa, na obodo na-ebibi kpam kpam na mgbe karịa ebe e weghachiri eweghachi.

Inweta Vladimir

Mgbe na-ewere Ryazan n'okpuru Mongol mgbali malitere izo, na obodo ndị ọzọ. State na Russia na ụdị isi ruru ya fragmentation bụghị ike na-enye a kwesịrị ekwesị rebuff ka onye iro. Mongol e jidere Kolomna na Moscow. N'ikpeazụ Tatar agha biaruru obodo nke Vladimir, hapụrụ tupu ya Prince Yuri Vsevolodovich. Citizens malitere ịkwadebe maka a arọ nnọchibido. Vladimir obodo oge ochie Russia bụ isi akụ na ụba na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị center, na Mongol ghọtara ya usoro mkpa.

Ndú nke obodo agbachitere na-anọghị nke nna were umu Ukwu Prince of Vladimir na Mstislav Vsevolod Yurevichi na Voevoda Potr Oslyadyukovich. O sina dị, Vladimir nwere ike ijide nnọọ ụbọchị anọ. Na February 1238 ọ dara. The ikpeazụ-agbachitere obodo gbabara n'ọgba nke mwere Cathedral, ma ọ mere ka ha na a obere reprieve n'aka ọnwụ. A ọnwa mgbe e mesịrị, ndị ikpeazụ meriri Prince Vladimir nke Russia Yuri Vsevolodovich mee ihe ndị River City. Na nke a agha nọ gbuo ya.

Kozelsk - "Ajọ City"

Mgbe ajụjụ na-akpọlite, ihe obodo Russia guzogidere Mongolian agha, jide n'aka na ị na-echeta Kozelsk. Ya siri na-eguzogide deservedly banyere akụkọ ihe mere eme akwụkwọ nke mba anyị.

Tupu mmalite nke April 1238 na Mongol wee na obere obodo nke Kozelsk nke bụ isi obodo nke otu nọọrọ onwe ha ihe gbasara onye isi, emi odude ke Chernigov ala. Prince Vasili nọ n'ebe iri na abụọ iche iche nke Olegoviches. Ma, n'agbanyeghị na ya size, na obere nke onye na-achị, Kozelsk nwere ndị fọdụrụ n'ezinụlọ na-enweghị olileanya na-eguzogide nke Mongol nke niile Russian ewusiri ike, tupu jikọtara. Dịtụ mfe Batu were isi obodo nke Russia, na nke a obere obodo bụ ike na-na-etinye mgbidi ya karịa puku mmadụ anọ họọrọ Mongolian agha. Nnọchibido ahụ were izu asaa.

N'ihi na nke oké ọnụ price na aghaghị ịkwụ ụgwọ maka ewere Batu Kozelsk, o nyere iwu ugbu a gaa n'ihu na-akpọ ya "ajọ obodo." The nile bi na e massacred. Ma ebelatawo site Mongol agha a manyere ka ịlaghachi na steppe, si otú na-egbu oge ọnwụ nke isi obodo Russia - Kiev.

Ọnwụ nke Kiev

O sina dị, na-esonụ 1239 na Mongol iso ha n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ mee njem na ahụ si steppes, ha jide ma bibie Chernigov, na n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ 1240 wee Kiev - nne Russian obodo.

Site na oge ọ bụ isi obodo nke Russia naanị chie, ọ bụ ezie na ọ nọgidere na obodo kasị ukwuu. Achịkwa Kiev Prince Galician-Volynskiy Daniil. Ejikwa obodo-ya, o ya tysyatskogo Dmitriev, onye ndú nke ndị na-azara ọnụ nke Mongol.

Site mgbidi Kiev wee fọrọ nke nta niile Mongolian agha, na-ekere òkè na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ mkpọsa. Dị ka ụfọdụ ndị si obodo ahụ ike jide maka ọnwa atọ, na ndị ọzọ - o wee dị nnọọ ụbọchị itoolu.

Mgbe kpọọ nke Kiev Mongol wakporo Russia na Galicia, ebe ha karịsịa isi ike ndị na-eguzogide nwere Danilov, Kremenets na Hill. Mgbe kpọọ nke obodo ndia mmeri site Mongol Russian ala nwere ike na-ewere dị ka dechara.

The esi nke na-ewere Russian obodo Mongol

Ya mere, anyị chọpụta nke obodo Russia guzogidere Mongolian agha. Ha tara ahụhụ si Mongol mbuso agha kasị. Population ha kacha mma na-ere ịbụ ohu, na ke kasị njọ - kpamkpam bee si. Onwe ha ka ndị obodo ọkụ na bibiri n'ala. Otú ọ dị, ọtụtụ n'ime ha ka na-jisiri wughachi mgbe e mesịrị. Otú ọ dị, nrubeisi na mmezu nke nkwa nile chọrọ nke Mongol dị ka akụkọ ihe mere eme na-egosi, anaghị ekwe nkwa ido obodo, na ọ ga-anọgide na-emebibeghị.

O sina dị, mgbe a ole na ole narị afọ, ndị Russian isi na-eto siri ike, ịdabere tinyere obodo, na-enwe ike iji tọgharịa asị Mongol-Tatar yoke. A oge nke Muscovite Russia.