Nwere nku Hussars. Polish nwere nku Hussars. History of ogwe aka

The mbụ ịnyịnya na-adọkpụ nkewa nke okporo osisi a kpụrụ fọrọ nke nta n'otu oge ahụ dị ka Polish ala. Na nkera nke abụọ nke 10th - n'oge narị afọ nke 11, Poland na map nke Middle Ages bụ obere ala. Ọtụtụ n'ime ya na-arụ iche iche Slavic ebo. Na n'ebe ugwu nke alaeze Poland ala na Prussia na knightly iwu, nọ n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ - na Kievan rus, n'ebe ndịda - na Hungarian alaeze.

Historians mara banyere ndị na-akpọ "yinye agha brigades" Akpa oge Mieszko na Boleslaw na Nwere Obi Ike. Ruru ya ike agha alaeze nke Poland na-adịghị aghọta ha site Order nke Sword and the Teuton dị ka onye iro. Ma ndị agbata obi - Lithuanians - etolite ha onwe ha ihe gbasara onye isi bụ arọ ịnyịnya ogige, dị ka ìhè agha, ebe burugodị na ube na klọb. Ya mere, ha enweghị ike ịkwụsị oké ịnyịnya a na-eke n'úkwù, ikwe iwu ẹkemụm ụfọdụ n'ókèala Slav na Prussians.

Polish hussars - oge ufodu ndi agha

Mgbe Agha nke Grunwald July 15, 1410 n'etiti knightly iwu na Alaeze nke Poland na mmekorita na Lithuanian ihe gbasara onye isi nnukwu onyinye mmeri mere Tatar ndi agha na ya mgbali mebiri Agha Ntụte agbachitere.

N'oge Iri Afọ Atọ War na Sweden 1630-1660 afọ nke Polish agha were na-ego oge ufodu ndi agha nke Lithuanians, Tatars, Serbia, Hungary na ndị ọzọ na mba. Ha bụ ndị magburu onwe agha, onye maara otú iji ihe ọ bụla ga-adaba adaba ọnọdụ kama ịbụ ndị hụrụ agha ndị iro n'usoro e nyere ahịrị. Ma Sweden, nke na-enweghị ụdị agha, kpọrọ-atụ egwu na kọntaktị na ndi agha na obibia nke allies - Cossacks.

Ná mmalite narị afọ nke 16 Polish agha gụnyere ịnyịnya kpamkpam ogige na ìhè oge ufodu iberibe, nke gụnyere Tatar, Zaporozhtzi, Serb Lithuanian Moldovans na ndị ọzọ dị iche iche. A agha nkeji na-pụtara na ọtụtụ agha na agha. Ịmepụta a Polish agha oge ufodu akụkụ na a mgbe niile aghọwo a okwu nke oge.

Rzeczpospolita - a ọhụrụ guzobere na map nke Europe

Mgbe n'otu Poland na Lithuania, e a na-akpọ Rzeczpospolita, nke bụ iji chebe ndịda nakwa n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ ala a chọrọ ndị ọhụrụ agha nkeji nfe kari kopeynye esịnede ebum pụta ụwa agba. Usoro ihe ọhụrụ nke na-azara ọnụ nke n'ókèala a na-akpọ "ama esịn na-akara", na ya nke mbụ ya isi kara Petra Myshkovskogo. Ya mere mbụ wee na-Polish hussars. Ná mmalite nke e guzobere ndị a agha nkeji ha recruited mba ọzọ, dị ka ndị Serbia, na mgbe e mesịrị malitere azụ na okporo osisi ya.

Hussar a na-ekewa pikemen na-uta, ka ná mmalite nkebi nke na-ahazi ndị na-azara ọnụ nke ókè-ala-ezughị arọ agha. Ya mere, ìhè hussar njikọ mụtara ibuso ya agha na oké na skirmishing.

Ubé mesịrị ghọọ juru hussars agha nkeji ofụri Commonwealth. The Polish agha ẹkenịmde ha na ya mejupụtara tinyere knightly agha. Onye ọ bụla ube ma ọ bụ enyi (site Polish pụtara "mmekorita") bịara ndị agha, ọnụ na a ole na ole-uta, na-akpọ paholikami. Ha nwere ike isi na 2 to 14 ndị mmadụ ma ọ bụ karịa. E nwere ugboro ugboro mgbe mgbe ube nwere ike na-abịa n'onwe ya, unaccompanied. Mgwo agha paholiku zụtara onye otu, n'ihi na ngwá agha ndị e iche iche.

Ke n'etiti narị afọ nke 16 n'ihi na nke uka nkesa na Europe nke-eji égbè agbagbu na ndi agha arọ ina plummeted. Ya mere, ndị a ma ama Polish King Stefan Batory, na cleverest diplomaati na a ọkà ọchịagha, wee malite ịgbanwe ndị agha, tinyere agha.

Mmalite nke Polish J.Randall agha nkeji

Famous n'etiti ndị Polish ama hussar akụkụ nwayọọ nwayọọ ghọọ cuirassier agha. Ndị a nọ n'ọkwá dị elu njikọ malitere ọgaranya nwe ala. Onye ọ bụla n'ime ha ga-eme ka ọnụ na a 4-paholikov. Polish nwere nku Hussars nwere na-enwe ezi ịnyịnya. Na-aga agha, ha nwere ike iji ike a ube, agha na n'ikpere aka pad, okpu agha, a obere égbè, saber ma ọ bụ broadsword. A, n'elu agha comrades yi akpukpọ nke dị iche iche ụmụ anụmanụ. On ochie eserese pụrụ mgbe mgbe a hụrụ ka a nwere nku hussar yi agụ owuru anụ ahụ, agụ, bear, wolf na anụmanụ ndị ọzọ.

nwere nku Nche

Comrades na paholiki mgbe eyi n'elu agha imewe nke nku. Ọ pụrụ ịbụ na nku toki, ọgazị ma ọ bụ ugo. Ná mmalite mere obere nku na e mmasị ka ọta ma ọ bụ na pommel nke sadulu n'azụ. Ọ na-kweere na n'oge ije nke feathers bipụtara onye wetara ụda gaa na untrained inyinya-iro. Coney iro na-iwe, jụrụ irube isi n'iwu nke na-agba - na onye iro akara kụtusịa n'ime dị iche iche nke na-achịkwaghị achịkwa.

Na narị afọ nke 17 hussar edo gbanwere: nku aghọwo ihe uku na ihe malitere-mmasị ndị agha azụ kpọgidere n'elu isi nke onye na-agba. N'ihi nke a, nku nwere ndị ọzọ ohere - echebe site na-agba lasso na mitigating mmetụta mgbe ama esịn. Ụfọdụ ndị nchọpụta kweere na nnukwu nku na anụmanụ skins, na-etinye na agha nke a warrior, nwere ụjọ bịa ndị iro. Nke a conjecture nwere akụkọ ihe mere eme na-egosi.

Otu n'ime ndị sonyere na agha tụnyere Polish regiments, karịsịa ndị nwere nku ndi agha na Vienna na 1683, bụ nke mere agha na Turkish agha, na ndị mmụọ ozi nile, nke si n'eluigwe rịdata na-ata mmehie. Ọzọ akụkọ ihe mere eme kweere na a na omenala nke na-abịa site anya Asia na igbasa ọchịchị Alaeze Ukwu Ottoman.

Formation nke Polish hussar nkeji

Hussar banner bụ J.Randall agha Rzeczpospolita. Ọ gbara ọkọlọtọ-isi, ya nnyemaaka bụ onyeisi gọvanọ guzo n'okpuru, na kasị nta bụ iwu bụ post of sagenti.

Nwere nku Nche mgbe nwere ọtụtụ, dị ka nwere onye dị otú ahụ warrior (ịnyịnya, na ihe agha) bụ nnọọ oké ọnụ. N'ihi na ego i nwere ike ịzụta a puku egbe na ebubo ha ma ọ bụ iri 6-pounders. N'ihi ya, ọ dịghị ihe karịrị abụọ regiments ma ọ bụ squadrons nke nwere nku hussars (karịa 700-800 ndị mmadụ) na onye ọ bụla agha agha.

Equipment Polish hussars

paholikov ngwá ka na-aga na na-efu nke ya comrades, ha na-ebu a dịgasị iche iche nke ngwá agha. Nọkwasịrị n'ịnyịnya na compound agha agukọta 50-120. Mgbe ke mba Europe phasing si mbipụta nwere nku hussars nọgide jiri ha. ube ogologo bụ 6-6.5 mita, na ọ bụ nnọọ egwu ngwá agha.

Na narị afọ nke 17-eji égbè agbagbu ndị ka oge ochie. Egbe mgbe a shot si a egbe ma ọ bụ a bullet site n'ebe dị anya adịkarịghị akụrisị lekwasịrị, na Akwajuru ọ were a ọtụtụ oge. N'otu oge ahụ nwere nku hussars jisiri ike merie ndị anya ka ndị iro na ya multimeter ube mụụrụ onye iro na-adịghị enwe oge na-fanye ngwá agha na anaghị nwere iru saber ma ọ bụ mma agha, nke ka ike n'iru na ogologo ube na ndi agha ike nke mmetụta.

Na ọtụtụ akụkọ ihe mere eme agha ruru ka a N'ezie ọ e merie na ọbara agha, dị ka Agha nke Klushino na 1610 megide Swedes ma ọ bụ ndị agha na-Russian na Miracle na 1660.

Na mgbakwunye na akwụkwọ na hussars bụ saber, mma-agha ogologo nke 1.7 mita na dupuo iro agha na abụọ pistoles, n'ịnyịnya na sadulu holsters nwere ụta.

Hussar edo nnọọ mara mma, o gilded oyiyi na obi n'aka ekpe - Nne nke Chineke, nri - a Catholic cross. Ma, e wezụga ihe ndị mara mma o nwere na-echebe ya ukwu. Hussar agha nwere ike idi a kpọmkwem shot si a musket nsannsan iri abụọ paces, na site na azụ, ha impenetrable maka kpọmkwem shot nke egbe.

Ọghọm nke Polish hussars

Otú ọ dị, ọ dịghị inyeaka akụkụ na ìhè bipu ndi agha nwere nku hussars gosiri na mfe mmịpụta ejighị ya kpọrọ onye na-agba onye, inwe ike awụgharị, na n'aka ekpe pin hussar akara na n'azụ n'akụkụ ma ọ bụ kụrụ ya. N'ụzọ dị otú a ọ e meriri Polish agha, nke gụnyere a hussar nke General Gordon, na-agba ọsọ Sokolnicki na Baron Odta na agha nke Slobodischem na Zaporizhzhya Cossack regiments.

Ọzọkwa, ukara akụkọ ihe mere eme mara maka a N'eziokwu, mgbe Marshal Wallenstein kpere ekpere King Sigismund III iziga ya bụghị kwere nkwa 10000-12000 nwere nku hussars, na otu nọmba nke Cossacks.

Polish Hussars ka a prototype nke Russian agha

Polish nwere nku agha ghọrọ prototype na e kere mbụ Russian J.Randall hussar agha ke akpa ọkara narị afọ nke 17. Russian hussar detachment nke 735 ndi agha na e kere 1634. Ọ gụnyere atọ agha dị iche iche na-agba ọsọ Khovanskii Prince, Prince Mescheretskogo na ọchi-agha nke Rila. Otu a jere ozi na Tula.

Na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ikpe mgbe na 1654, na Russian n'akụkụ mechaa banyere otu puku nwere nku hussars n'okpuru iwu nke Keele.

Poland narị afọ nke 18 na Napoleon agha

Mgbe uzo nke 18-19 ọtụtụ narị afọ, ndị Polish nkeji ọnụ na French agha rụrụ agha mkpọsa megide Italy na Germany. A agha n'usoro a na-akpọ Danube na Italian ụsụụ. Ha ihe ndabere maka mmepụta nke ama Vislskogo Legion. Na 1809, ndị Polish agha nke narị afọ nke 18 gbakwunyere site abụọ Hussars kere Marshal Poniatowski na Galicia. Ma na 1812 Poniatowski nyere iwu a hussar nwere atọ nkewa. N'ezie, ndị a abụghị nwere nku hussars, na-eyi egwu na ochie Europe, a ìhè agha.
Ọzọkwa, Polish hussars ndị na akụkụ nke Napoleonic agha:

• Abụọ Hussars Brune dị ka akụkụ nke ụlọ;
• otu Hussars ndi agha na brigeedi Syubervi;
• na afọ 1813-1814 Polish ìhè ịnyịnya nọ ala nke 8th agha Poniatowski na 4th Kelerman ụlọ.

Polish Army regiments kpọrọ n'etiti Napoleon si marshals. Dị ka ihe atụ, ewu Poniatowski, onye merela agadi ochie Smolensk n'okporo ụzọ, Kutuzov amanye ndị September 5, 1812 ịdọrọ si Shevardino redoubt. Ọ bụ mmalite nke agha Borodino, nke okporo osisi na-enwe ike ịga nke ọma na-obodo Utitsa.

Poland na ya agha na XX narị afọ

Mgbe e meriri na nkwatu Napoleon na 1814, Poland na map nke Europe bụ ihe fọrọ anọghị. Ọ na-e kewara akụkụ n'etiti Russia na Austria-Hungary, nakwa dị ka Alaeze Prussia.

Poland nweela onwe ya naanị na 1917, n'otu oge ọ na-ọzọ kpụrụ hussar agha regiments. Ọ bụ ezie na na 1914, Polish hussars buso akụkụ nke Russian Alaeze Ukwu na n'akụkụ nke Austria. Ebe ndị Polish ndi luru agha nyere n'iwu site Pilsudski. Ndị a hussars na-ifịk ke agha obodo Russia na Siberia mgbe Kolchak agha. Hussar nkeji a hụrụ agha na ndị agha Tukhachevsky ke 1920.

History of Polish nwere nku hussars e dechara na 1939, mgbe ọnwa na ọbara agha na agha na sabers isi obodo nke Poland e tinyere megide tankị - Warsaw.

Nti mere eme banyere nku hussars

Polish hussar ndi agha na 16-19 narị afọ abụọ na-akpali utu aha: na Commonwealth na-akpọ elearami na ndị iro - efe efe hussars, onye, n'ihi na nke nku n'azụ n'ezie ka na-efe efe n'elu n'ọgbọ agha.

Ọzọkwa obodo hussars masịrị onye ọ bụla na ya echiche. Ọ nwetara na mkpari oddities. Ya mere, ndị agha Ivan egwu, na-nso Kazan, bịara na akwa ndutịme mgbe ha hụrụ ndị si mba ọzọ Cossacks - Hussars, festooned na feathers na akpukpọ nke dị iche iche ụmụ anụmanụ, site na agụ owuru na-agba. Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị agha chere na ha hụrụ n'ihu ndị India, na bụghị oge a agha.

Dị ka n'oge fọrọ nke nta niile ụmụaka chọrọ ịbụ astronauts ma ọ bụ paratroopers, na ná mmalite nke narị afọ nke 19 fọrọ nke nta niile Polish nwata chọrọ ịbụ hussars. Ma, ọ bụ ihe J.Randall unit, na-kasị mma. Ha na-nwere nnukwu ibu na egwuregwu physique, a mma agha na agha na ọzụzụ, ezigbo ego, dị ka hussar ahụ mara mma ma dị oké ọnụ uwe (J.Randall mgbe niile!), Nwere a ịnyịnya, na mgbe ụfọdụ a ole na ole na inyinya, nwere niile ndị dị mkpa ngwá na ngwá agha, na ikpeazụ ma bụghị dịghị ihe ọzọ na-akpata - Atụghị egwu. N'ihi na ezi ihe mere Lannes, Marshal nke Napoleon agha, kwuru, sị n'oge na hussars, onye bụ iri atọ afọ na ọ bụ ma nwụrụ anwụ, - n'efu, ọ bụghị hussar.

The ebe nchekwa nke nwere nku agha

Ma nwere nku hussars mere na-aga nnọọ n'oge gara aga. N'ihi na Polish ndị mmadụ, ndị agha ndị dị mma, dị ike, nweekwa obi ike na-agbachitere nke obodo ha na ala ha. N'ihi ya oge, ndị agha ịnyịnya n'ezie "zuru ngwá agha" na idozi dị iche iche agha agha.

Noble na J.Randall regiments nwere nku Nche nke ukwuu banyere n'ime ebe nchekwa bụghị naanị okporo osisi, ma na-niile bi na ha gbara agbata obi na-ekwu. Ha bụ ndị na-mba dike nke ọgbọ niile nke Polish na nwata.

Ọbụna ugbu a, n'oge anyị, e nwere a helikọpta ọgụ unit na-akpọ ke Polish agha "nwere nku Hussars". Nso nso a, ndị a helicopters ndidi miri modernization na re-ngwá ọrụ nke ọhụrụ mgbochi tank ụta na ọkụ akara usoro. Nke a Polish helikọpta a na-ewere otu nke kasị mma ịlụ ọgụ na ụwa nke ugbo elu.