Ọdụdọ synapses na ha atụmatụ

Synapses na-pụrụ iche ọtọ kọntaktị, nke na-ndokwa n'etiti excitable mkpụrụ ndụ. Ha na-ebunye na mgbanwe ndị dị iche iche n'ókè. Synapses apụta n'ụdị thickenings na nsọtụ akwara ozi. Na enyemaka ha akwara esi gboo mgba ka onye agbata obi mkpụrụ ndụ. Isi ọrụ nke synapse bụ intercellular nnyefe nke akwara esi gboo.

Nhazi ọkwa na a nkenke nkọwa

Dị ka ụdị pulses adị weere, chemical na ọkụ synapses. Chemical enịmde mgbaàmà nnyefe ke otu direction na amplifies ya, nakwa dị ka depolarize postsynaptic hyperpolarizes ma ọ bụ okirikiri. Site n'enyemaka nke chemical synapses enwekwu plasticity na egosi, ya bụ, onye na mma ebe nchekwa na-agba nke mmụta. Eletriki nnyefe offline synaptic oge, na mgbaàmà a rụrụ na abụọ ntụziaka. usu nnyefe bụ onwe ha pụọ ná mmetụta nke presynaptic akpụkpọ ahụ. Ke adianade do, eletriki synapses na-eguzogide ọgwụ ala okpomọkụ, dị ka nke ọma dị ka ụfọdụ mmetụta si ahịa ọgwụ. mbuaha ụdị synapses nwere otu atụmatụ. Ha bụ ihe yiri ka ndị chemical na ọkụ na-agba ama.

Gịnị bụ ihe electric synapse?

Ọdụdọ synapses - bụ intercellular guzobere site nke ana achi achi nnyefe nke excitation usu. Usoro a emee ya ruru ka ọdịdị nke ihe eletrik n'etiti abụọ ngalaba na-akpọ presynaptic na postsynaptic. The ụjọ usoro nke invertebrates nwere a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke eletriki synapses, mgbe mammals ha fọrọ nke nta n'ebe ahụ. Ọnụ na eletriki synapses bụ nnọọ nkịtị n'etiti elu ụmụ anụmanụ. Ke ofụri ofụri, ha na obi, imeju, mọzụlụ, nakwa dị ka na epithelium na glandular anụ ahụ. Synaptic mkpịwa ke eletriki synapses bụ ọtụtụ mkpafa karịa chemical. Akụkụ dị mkpa nke ụdị synapse bụ na n'etiti pre- na postsynaptic membranes adị a àkwà mmiri nke protein ụmụ irighiri.

Mkpa ọkụ synapses ọrụ ụdị

Properties nke eletriki synapses ndị dị ka ndị:

• ngwa ngwa edinam (ukwuu elu ọrụ chemical ụdị synapses);
• nāda # mbà Chọpụta mmetụta (nkwubi nke soje pulses fọrọ dịghị);
• pụrụ ịdabere na nnyefe nke excitation;
• elu ductility;
• nyefee onye na abụọ.

Akụkụ nke ihe owuwu

Ọdịdị nke ahụ ọkụ na-akwadoghị akwado amalite na postsynaptic akpụkpọ ahụ. Next bụ warara synaptic mkpịwa, nke ndị mejupụtara transverse tubules esịnede protein ụmụ irighiri. Behind the nchawa na-emi odude presynaptic akpụkpọ ahụ. Ke n'etiti bụ a semicircular synaptic e dere ede. Oblong synaptic ogwugwu - ikpeazụ mmewere na Ọdịdị nke ahụ electric synapse. N'ihi ọnụnọ nke protein ụmụ irighiri ọwa n'etiti pre- na postsynaptic sel, inorganic ion na ndị kasị nta na ụmụ irighiri na-enwe ike na-esi n'otu cell ọzọ. Dị otú ahụ synapse nwere a nnọọ ala eletriki eguzogide. N'okpuru ọnọdụ ndị a, nke ugbu a etinyere na presynaptic postsynaptic mkpụrụ ndụ na ọ fọrọ nke nta emenyụ ya emenyụ.

Specific ọtọ Njirimara

Ke eletriki synapses, e nwere ọtụtụ ihe ndị pụrụ iche ọtọ atụmatụ. Synaptic oge nke fọrọ nke nta onye ọ bụla. Akwadoghị akwado abịa presynaptic ọnụ, mgbe ahụ, usoro amalite ozugbo postsynaptic nwere. The nkeji n'etiti ndị a na-eme na-efu efu. Ọdụdọ synapses enye nnyefe usoro naanị - of excitation. Ke ụdị synapse na-ejide bilateral n'agbanyeghị eziokwu ahụ n'ihi na e ji mara stereometric eduzi one direction kasị rụọ ọrụ nke ọma. Dị iche iche ihe (pharmacological, kwes, wdg) nwere ọ nweghị utịp ke synapses nke electric ụdị.

Olee otú obi ụtọ ke eletriki synapses? The usoro nzọụkwụ

Iduziri ubi (PD) - ọrụ bụ isi nke na-ewe eletriki synapse. The usoro nke usoro a bụ yiri PDP na synapses na akwara ozi. Mgbe excitation tụụrụ kụziere development nzọụkwụ, a nloghachi nke ihe-ndebe-amalite presynaptic akpụkpọ ahụ. N'ihi ya, ihe eletrik, nke na-emetụta ndị postsynaptic akpụkpọ ahụ, iwe ọ na-akpata ya na-n'ịwa PD. Conduction nke excitation na eletriki synapse bụ a mgbagwoju n'ahụ usoro na-aputa ihe n'akparamagwa ọtụtụ nkebi. Presynaptic akpụkpọ ahụ rụrụ mgbanwe nke electric usu na chemical, nke na-na-na postsynaptic efere ọzọ na-adọrọ mmasị n'ime ihe ọkụ mgbaàmà.

Ụfọdụ ntụpọ na eletriki synapses

N'agbanyeghị eziokwu na eletriki synapses mepụta a pụtara dị mfe usoro nke excitation nyefe, ha nwere ụfọdụ nnukwu flaws. Na-ata ụta na echiche nke omume ha. Ekwe omume nke kpọmkwem nyefe anya mkpụrụ ndụ obi ụtọ n'ebe ahụ. Pre- na postsynaptic mkpụrụ ndụ na-ejikọrọ synapses electric ụdị, ha na-mgbe na otu excitation. braking ọdịdị agaghị ekwe omume. Dị ka a n'ihi nke niile n'elu erughị eru na nwa ọhụrụ ụbụrụ bụghị a otutu eletriki synapses, ebe na okenye na-nnọọ ole na ole na retina anya, ụbụrụ na esiwe na mgbọrọgwụ nke vestibular ngwa.

A yiri nke ahụ, ma n'ụdị enweghị nchịkwa usoro nke excitation bụ a n'ihi ọrịa nke na-metụtara mbelata nke axon ókè. N'ihi ya, excitation usoro "jumps" si ibe axon, nke pụrụ iduga ụgha ụjọ. Ka ihe atụ, ọdịdị nke sensashion mgbu, n'agbanyeghị omission nke elu mgbu anabata nwere ike ime n'ihi na nke "hops" excitation.