Papermaking technology: n'ụlọ, na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, na Ancient China

Gịnị nnọọ dee ndi mmadu! Rocks, ọgba mgbidi, osisi, ụrọ mbadamba nkume, ọla kọpa ogidi ... Ma eleghị anya, ekele ọhụrụ, e nwere a-ekwu banyere eziokwu ahụ bụ na ọ bụghị mmadụ niile nwere ike ijikwa anyụike na e dere. Ma ọ dịghị nke ndị a ihe na-adịghị izute mkpa maka ide. Tupu mgbe ahụ, ruo mgbe mepụtakwara akwụkwọ.

The mepụtara papermaking technology na China maka a ogologo oge ekewet Tsay Lyunyu, alaeze ukwu ozu. Ọ dịkarịa ala, ọ bụ ya bụ onye mbụ gbara akwụkwọ a aririọ ka eze ukwu nke China ya nile iwebata a usoro maka n'ichepụta akwụkwọ. Scientific-akwanyere ùgwù pụrụ iche mbuaha hemp na mulberry eriri, ash, mmiri, scraps nke ákwà machie ha udi, bibiri akụkụ ka mere emepụta jiri akpụkpọ anụ na papaịrọs. The Emperor mma na-arịọ arịrịọ. Na otú o mere na, mgbe yiri ihe na China mere ogologo oge tupu arịrịọ n'ọkwá, mepụtara nke akwụkwọ a na ekewet ya.

papermaking technology e mma na onye ọ bụla na mba, na-emecha akwụkwọ ghọrọ ndị kasị ewu ewu, a na-adịghị nnọọ elu mma ihe.

Na 1770, ndị na-emepụta bụ enwe ike ike Whatman echichi, njikere tufuo nke akwụkwọ kọrọ ụdị nke ọ na e akpọnwụwo. Mgbe 30 afọ France wuru mbụ akwụkwọ igwe. Kemgbe ahụ akwụkwọ a mara n'ebe nile na bụ agaghịkwa a mpe.

Taa, akwụkwọ na-eme ka technology na-arụ ọrụ site na mejupụtara ọtụtụ nkebi.

Ke akpa ogbo feedstock dị njikere. Cut pine na spruce, ebipụ ha n'ime Ogwe, oshkurivayut pụrụ iche igwe eji usoro nke akọrọ okarivaniya. Peeled Ogwe bibiri n'ime ibe.

Agba nke abụọ - na mmepụta nke ọkara okokụre ngwaahịa. papermaking technology pụtara na osisi-MACH ụlọ ahịa nlezianya kwadebe ibe rubbing na osisi shredder, ọ ghọọ a pulp. Na ndị a noo pulp na-chaa na lekwasị.

Na-atọ ogbo pulp na thermomechanical pulp weere, kwukwara cellulose, ota, chaa ọzọ na nanị mgbe ahụ zigara akwụkwọ Ndinam igwe. Na igwe ndị a grids kpụrụ web site na nke mmiri na-drained pịa. The akwụkwọ ahụ Fikiere ke cylinders, ka ọ na ihe-eji ire ụtọ na-enyemaka nke calender apụta, emerụ na ụdị rollers, bee n'ime chọrọ nha.

Nke a akwụkwọ n'ichepụta technology bụ nanị otu drawback: ya ukwuu-ebelata ego nke osisi na ụwa.

Onye ọ bụla na ogbo nke ulo oru na mmepụta nke akwụkwọ nwere ya aha.

• Pretreatment ma ọ bụ ìgwè. The akụrụngwa na-echi ọnụ n'ala, weere na fillers, agba? Ma ọ bụ whitening mmadụ, ọ na-abanye na-akwakọba na ọdọ mmiri nke Ịgwakọta, nke ọrụ - hụ ezigbo ọrụ nke papermaking ígwè ọrụ.
• Ejegharịrị, ie itinye n'ọnọdụ nke pulp Ọdịdị.

Taa, mba ụfọdụ na (eg, Japan) maka ncheta mere site n'aka akwụkwọ. Ọ na mbụ na-ese oké ọnụ, ma ọ bụ a oké onyinye.

Mmadụ ole na ole mara na akwụkwọ nwere ike arụpụtara ... n'ụlọ.

Home papermaking technology

1. Anyị Mike n'efu akwụkwọ (akwa nhicha, akwụkwọ, wdg), Wet na mmiri, ẹmia na a igwekota ruo mgbe a edo "mgwakota agwa."

2. Tinye mama mix, na-agbasa na a tree nke a okporo, kpuchie fere fere. Anyị wring gị aka, mmezi, ekpuchi na fere fere na-etinye pịa.

3. Nkume maka ụbọchị ole na ole, na-mbịne evenly outflow nke mmiri.

Nke a home akwụkwọ ga-adịghị iche iche mara mma, ma ọ bụ nnọọ adabara a ncheta, karịsịa site ụmụ.

Nke a abụghị ihe pụrụ iche, ma nke kacha ụzọ nke na-eme ka akwụkwọ n'ụlọ.