Rzhev-Sychevskaya ọrụ: ihe mgbaru ọsọ, ebumnobi, results, ọnwụ. Olee ihe ndị bụ ezi ihe mere Rzhev- Sychevka iwe?

Sychevskaya Rzhev-operation - otu n'ime ndị offensives, nke nwere azụ ndị Soviet akụkọ ihe mere eme. On na ọ bụghị na-ekwu banyere, n'ihi na ọ ka kpamkpam na-emezughị. Rzhev-Sychevsky ọrụ ekewa mbụ na nke abụọ na-akpasu iwe arụmọrụ. Ọ bụ banyere ha ga-atụle n'isiokwu a.

First Rzhev-Sychevskaya ime ihe na 1942 (June 30 - October 1): mgbaru ọsọ

Ebumnuche nke na-akpasu iwe - meriri nke German 9 Army Colonel-General V. ụdị ịgbachitere a ntule nke Rzhev na Vyazma. Mgbe Soviet agha heroically agha anya anyị isi obodo ọnụego dara na-emeri anuri. All chere na n'ikpeazụ bịara ikpeazụ itunanya na agha. Ma ebe ọ bụ na 1942, anyị agha malitere iwe arụmọrụ, nke wepụ niile mmeri nke njedebe nke 1941. Rzhev-Sychevskaya ọrụ bụ a n'ihu nke gara aga otu, ndị Rzhev-Vyazma ọrụ opupu ihe ubi nke 1942. N'oge ikpeazụ anyị furu efu banyere 700 puku. Man.

Rzhev-Sychevskaya iwe omume rụrụ otu abụọ asakde iso ese, nke na-eduzi ndị Rzhev-Vyazma ọrụ: Kalinin gawa site Colonel-General I. S. Konevym na West, nyere n'iwu site General nke Army GK Zhukov. Ikpeazụ chịkwara dum ọrụ.

plan

Atụmatụ nke agha bụ na abụọ asakde iso ese na oyụhọ otu nlereanya. Left mere Kalinin Front na Rzhev direction, aka nri - na West Sychevsky direction.

Dị ka a N'ihi nke a ọrụ, ndị Soviet agha bu n'obi inweta Rzhev, ezé, Sychovka, Gzhatsk, Vyazma. Mgbe na ọ bụ ike iji nweta a ike foothold na uzo nke Volga Germany na nso ebe nke Stalingrad na Caucasus mmanụ ubi.

Components nke ịwa

Main ọrụ dabere ekewa n'ime ọtụtụ obodo:

• Rzhevskaya - ẹkenịmde nke 30 Army nke Kalinin Front.
• Rzhev-Zubtsov - rụrụ jikotara aka wee abụọ ka iyi tojubigara ókè asakde iso ese.
• Pogorelov-Gorodishchenskaya - Western Front (20 Army).
• Gzhatskaya - e rụrụ site abụọ ndị agha na-Western Front (5th na 33th).

ndị Soviet n'akụkụ nke Force

Total abuana ke isii na ogwe aka, 2 na 5 Army Air agha. Ewepu ụlọ abụọ asakde iso ese nwere na ha nwere 67 ogbunigwe iberibe, 37 ngwa agha nkewa, 21 armored brigeedi. The dum otu nwere ihe dị ka ọkara nde mmadụ na na ndị ọzọ karịa 1.5 puku. Tankị.

The iwe nke Kalinin Front

June 30 oru ihe rụrụ nke 30th na 29th ụsụụ ndị agha. Nke a ụbọchị bụ oké mmiri ozuzo, ma atụmatụ na a gbahapụrụ agbahapụ. N'ihi ya, ndị agha mebiri site na-agbachitere na obosara nke 9 km na a omimi nke 7 km. Tupu Rzhev nọgidere ụfọdụ 5-6 kilomita. Ọzọ, ndị agha wee ịgawakwa n'ihu na 10 August ọzọ wee na-akpasu iwe.

Iwe ọrụ dị iche iche methodical ngwa ngwa - 1-2 km kwa ụbọchị - gnawing nke ọma na-wusiri ike iro chebe onwe na nnukwu losses. Ọ na-e mesịrị nyere dum ahụmahụ nke 1942, Soviet agha ga na ngwa ngwa na-atụghị anya ebe, na-eji eme nke a na mberede ( "Operation Bagration", "Saturn", "Uranus" na ndị ọzọ.). Na na 1942, anyị agha wee a frontal agha na kpamkpam wusiri ike ọnọdụ enweghị nkwado nke ogbunigwe na ụgbọelu. Nani site na 21 August 30-nke ndị agha nwere Polunino.

Mmalite nke Zhukov Army (Western Front)

Front Zhukov nwere iji ngwa ngwa agha Kalinin n'ihu, mgbe nke, dị ka Soviet iwu, ndị Germany na-nyefee si otu ngalaba na-ahụ ndị ọzọ mkwado site echikwapụ otu nke nku. Ọ bụ n'ihi na ya na kụrụ ndị agha nke Western Front on 2 August.

Otú ọ dị, Kalinin Front nwere obi umeala ịga nke ọma na ebelata German agbachitere. A nwere ike kwukwara ike mmiri ozuzo na ịghọta na iwe. Zhukov kpebiri ịkwaga ya iwe n'ihu maka August 4.

August 4 Western Front gburu nso Pogorely Mounds. Ọganihu a mma karịa ndị agha Konev: ụbọchị abụọ nyawaa site n'ihu òkè obosara nke 18 km na a omimi nke 30 km. 161st German bipu Division e bibiri. Otú ọ dị, ihe mgbaru ọsọ kasịnụ nke mmetụta - na-ewere perforation na Karmanovo - bụghị e enweta.

C 4 ruo mgbe August 8 ndị ịlụ ọgụ na-amanye ndị Vazuza na on August 9 bụ nnukwu agha tankị, nke gụnyere 800 na 700 Soviet na German tankị na Karmanova ebe. The mmeri a na-egwu ekpe ka iyi tojubigara ókè nke abụọ anyị n'ihu. Dị ka a n'ihi nke Soviet nkụzị mkwado e ike na ndị ọzọ na ndi nke na n'ihu.

Dị ka a N'ihi ya, ndị na-achịkwa nke German agha nke Soviet agha okpu. Ọ na-e kpebiri ịkpọrọ Karmanovo isi agha, ebelata mmetụta na Sychovka.

The dum August na September, ndị agha Soviet agha arọ ọgụ weghara silnoukreplennyh obere niile. The kasị akpali ihe bụ na e merisịrị Soviet agha na mbibi nke dum ụsụụ ndị agha nke na-adịghị mkpa obodo na obodo nta, ndị Germany na ha hapụrụ ha enweghị a agha iji mmezi nke akara nke na-azara ọnụ.

September 27 Rzhev jisiri ike were, ma German mee ka ala kụrụ aka anyị agha si n'obodo. October 1 agha nwere biri.

ọnwụ

N'ihi nke na-amaghị ihe Rzhev- Sychevka azụmahịa weere ruru 300 puku. Man. Ọtụtụ ndị nwụrụ. Loss nke tankị nke ihe karịrị 1 ths. Cars.

All ndị Germany furu efu banyere 60 puku. Man Otú ọ dị, ọ fọrọ nke nta 50 puku. Of ha merụkwara, t. E. Ndi azụ ke edinam mgbe ụlọ ọgwụ. The dị iche bụ nnukwu losses.

Nke abụọ ime ihe Rzhev- Sychevskaya

Nke abụọ ime ihe merenụ site November 25 ka December 20, 1942 otu abụọ asakde iso ese, dị ka ndị mbụ. Na-eduzi omume nke anyị agha bụ otu Zhukov, ma, oge o nyere Western Front Colonel General MA Purkaevu. The dum ọrụ weere ọnọdụ n'okpuru koodu aha "Mars."

Nzube nke ime ihe bụ otu ihe ahụ dị ka nke mbụ: Were a mma-e wusiri ike Sychovka, ebe isi ụlọ ọrụ nke V. ụdị.

The ọrụ biri na zuru ezu na mmeri nke Soviet agha, ma e nwere a version na Germany kpọmkwem amara gị ọkwa nke ịwa maka nyefe nke ala nke a niile dị agha. N'ihi ya, ọ ghọrọ kwere omume encircled Germany na Stalingrad (Ọrụ "Uranus") na-efu nke fọrọ nke nta ka a nde Zhukov agha. Na agha nke ndị Germany nanị enweghị nyak Pọlọs na Stalingrad, ka ọ fọrọ nke nta niile mee na-lekwasị nso Rzhev.

Loss n'akụkụ mgbe ịwa ahụ "Mars"

Soviet party furu efu na nke abụọ Rzhev- Sychevka ọrụ n'elu 420 puku. Gburu. Nyere unan, ndị a ọnụ ọgụgụ iru ruo 700 puku -. 1 nde mmadụ.

Loss nke ndị Germany dịrị 40-45 puku. Man atụle ndị nwụrụ anwụ ma merụọ.

pụta

1942 All iwe mkpọsa, fọrọ nke nta ka bibiri akụkụ uru, nke e ruru n'okpuru counter-akpasu iwe nke anyị isi obodo. The ịga nke ọma nke Moscow yiri ekochiela ihu uche nke ndị agha na-edu ndú nke mba, na ya echezọwo banyere ike nke German agha. Naanị a na-adịgide adịgide na ọnwụ nke gburugburu ọkara nde ndị agha ọzọ mere a na anya doro ntule nke dum ọdachi nke onye fasizim mbuso agha. Ọ bụ ọdịda nke afọ 1942 ghọrọ prekondishion maka esite na iji nọmba 227, mara dị ka "Ọ bụghị otu nzọụkwụ azụ". Ọzọkwa, a na afọ ọma mkpọsa ada ka kpọọ nke ama general Vlasov, natara kasị elu award nke Agha nke Moscow.