Self-propelled ngwa agha "Tulip": Atụmatụ

Ngwa agha "Tulip", nakwa dị ka ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ na arọ ogbunigwe ngwá, na nso nso dọtara anya onwe ya. Na ìhè nke na-adịbeghị anya ihe ọ bụla agha na-eche ọbụna ndị na-akpakọrịta na okwu "tulip" n'oge gara aga, "peony" na "hyacinth" nanị na flowerbeds. Taa okwu bụ n'ihi na ọtụtụ akụkụ ekewet eziokwu na-agha mkpụrụ gburugburu ọnwụ na mbibi. "Buketnye-weather" aha, nke mere hụrụ n'anya na anụ ụlọ agha ụlọ ọrụ, taa ime ka ezigbo ụjọ, karịsịa ndị na-agbalị na-adị ndụ na n'etiti agha. Na ndị mmadụ na-akpata nchegbu na-atụ egwu na-adịghị ndabere - ka WMD propelled ngwa agha "Tulip" N'ezie, nke na-adịghị emetụta. Otú ọ dị, ndị na-esi nke mmetụta nke ọ bụ nnọọ ihe na-agbawa obi.

Oge akara aka ACS "Tulip" na ojiji na hostilities

Self-propelled ngwa agha 2S4 "Tulip" nwere ike ide iche iche, gụnyere ngwá agha nuklia. Ọ bụ ngwá ọrụ dị ike na nnukwu ike ibibi. Ngwa agha 2S4 "Tulip" na-isi bu n'obi ibibi wusiri ike nke onye iro, ubi engineering akụkụ, e wusiri ike ụlọ, echebe na manpower na ngwá, checkpoints na iwu posts, art batrị. Ngwá ọrụ a na-zubere maka ọgụ arụmọrụ n'èzí niile. N'ihi na-ata nri ogbunigwe ọku nwekwara ike ga-eji ngwa agha "Tulip", ndị e ji mara nke bụ nke na-na-ekwe omume kụrụ zaa dị ọtụtụ kilomita efep n'ọnọdụ mbụ.

History nke e kere eke

Nke a, kwa, ga-asị a okwu ole na ole. 240-mm ngwa agha "Tulip" e kwesịrị ebili iji dochie towed 240-mm ngwa agha M-240, emi ẹkesiode ke 1950, ballistic arụmọrụ nke egbe banyere otu. Otú ọ dị, 2C4 karịa ndị M-240 na agha lanarị na irè nke firing ruru ka mma maneuverability na patency. Ọzọkwa, ọ na-ewe ọtụtụ obere oge karịa ụzọ, na nchọpụta nke ọkụ na ndọrọ ego si firing ọnọdụ.

The prototype nke a ọhụrụ 240-mm ngwa agha e mepụtara na mba ọzọ ego na 1944-1945. Enye ada ngo bi Shavyrin. Ule nke ọhụrụ egbe malitere mgbe 2 afọ mgbe mmeri, na kere ruo 1949. Na 1950, a ngwa agha e mere site na agha. N'oge ahụ, ọ na-akpọ "240-mm ngwa agha M-240." Ya kacha sighting nso e kwuru a anya nke 8000 mita.

Na 1953, a pụrụ iche ụgwọ a haziri maka ngwa agha M-240, nke na-enye ohere dịkwuo nso nke ruo 9700 m. Serial mmepụta nke M-240 malitere na 1951 n'obodo Yurga. Total emepụta 329 nkeji nke a ika. 240 mm ngwa agha M-240 - a isiike usoro na-enweghị ihe mgbochi-anaghị achọ ngwaọrụ ebubo breech-loading pụtara na-enwe a wheeled ajụjụ na-agba feathered mines.

chepụtara echepụta abaghị n'ihe

The mbụ isi ike na mmepe na mmepụta nke ọhụrụ onwe-propelled ngwa agha malitere bụghị n'ihi na ihe ọ bụla nke ya-adịghị emezi emezi, ihe isi ike na ego ma ọ bụ enweghị ọkachamara. N'eziokwu, isi ihe ịma aka bụ Khrushchev si siri ike nkwenye na-agba ogbunigwe shells - a relic nke gara aga. Mgbalị na gburugburu ebe obibi na-emetụta echiche nke Mbụ Secretary nke Central Committee kụrụ afọ n'ala. Development nke nnukwu-caliber egbe, agbapụ ebubo, a kwụsịtụrụ. Ọzọkwa, na-agbalị na-anwale ihe maka modernization nọ nnọọ na hapụrụ ma na efu. Issue na n'ihu mma nke M-240 kwụsịrị na 1958.

ọhụrụ olileanya

The ọchịchị ọhụrụ, bụ nke nọchiri Khrushchev, dabara nke ọma, jisiri amata ọnọdụ n'ụzọ ziri ezi karị. The ngwá agha, nke na-adịghị oge ịtụfu na n'ikpeazụ-ebibi, na-etinye ya mildly, na-akụda. N'omume nke ngwá agha, e wezụga ndị na-abịa n'ime anụ ahụ unfitness ma gharazie ịba uru, dị otú ahụ na ha na-eguzo dịghị tụnyere yiri mba ọzọ mere. A asọmpi n'oge ahụ rụọ ọrụ dị mkpa. Na Vietnam, ọgụ ahụ tiwapụsịrị, ndị America na-iwuli elu na ike nke etinye nnukwu ichekwa ego na mgbalị agha nmepe. Anọghị n'ebe dị anya bụ a "agha nzuzo" ...

All a mere ka mkpebi nke Central Committee na mmepe na e kere eke nke ohuru onwe-propelled ogbunigwe na usoro. Igbu "bouquet" na-aga site na ụfọdụ ndị agha ụlọ mmepụta ihe. Kharkov traktọ-tank ulo oru mmepụta 2C2 "ariara" (122mm) Volgograd ulo oru ntọhapụ 122 milimita "Viola" Ural osisi malitere ozugbo n'azụ abụọ ACS - 152mm howitzer "Akeshịa" na 240 mm ngwa agha 2C4 "tulip ".

Eme ọrụ, na mbụ ule

M guzo na isi nke development Yuri Tomaszow. Ọbụna ná mmalite nkebi nke ọrụ otu gawa site ya ka m ghọtara, na otú ọtụtụ ihe isi ike ihu. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụghị mmenyenjo a otu nke agha engineer, na kasị akaebe doro nke a bụ nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ nke nwebisiinka nchọpụta Kemịkalụ nwetara n'oge mmepe.

Professionalism, nraranye nke nna ukwu nke niile etoju ga-ezere ọtụtụ nsogbu. Otú ọ dị, ihe isi ike na-arụ ọrụ na oru ngo "ngwa agha" Tulip "e nwere ndị a otutu. Mbụ, ọ na-emetụta ndị na-agba ọsọ gia. Ọ mbụ zubere iji kwadebe na ngwa agha track usoro, ma ya ebu ike bụ oke obere. The ibu na o nwere ka ịdọrọ onwe m, m ruru 27 tọn, na ohere ọ Agbaghara naanị 21. Mgbe e mesịrị, ya na ọkachamara nke mba-agbachitere ụlọ ọrụ imekọ ihe ọnụ, e kpebiri iji kwadebe onwe onye na-propelled ngwa agha "Tulip" engine nke 520 HP .. (kama nke 400). Chassis bụ a ọdịiche oped na ndabere nke traktọ RK obubata "gburugburu". The otu YU Tomaszów ama budata gbanwee na kwalite usoro, ma n'ozuzu, na imekọ ihe ọnụ kemgbe amị mkpụrụ.

Ọzọ isi ike bilie n'oge mbụ ubi ọnwụnwa. The usoro ikesimaha adị ndụ ya mmetụta. Ya shot siri nnọọ ike nke na ọ na-ahapụ echiche na nloghachi ga-bed. Mee ya ka ọ nwere ike na-ala. Ya mere, ndị injinia nwere ngwa ngwa weghara imewe nke a pụrụ iche unit, dapụtara na gbọmgbọm n'ime firing ọnọdụ.

Mgbe modernization ngwa agha "Tulip" nwalere a ugboro abụọ. Ọ kpamkpam adaha mesikwuru ihe pillbox, na-egosi ya irè. Na 1969, ndị ACS "Tulip" e tinyere n'ime mmepụta, na na 1971 na eze na-etinye n'ime ọrụ.

"Daredevil" na "nwanne mama"

Otu firing ngwa agha "Tulip"? Atụmatụ nke usoro ekwe ojiji nke ọtụtụ ụdị nke shells. High-agbawa agbawa m 53-F-864 na-enịm ke n'ihu ma n'azụ nke drum, na rọketi-aka projectile APM-0-ZVF2 arụnyere nile n'ogologo. Ka ga-eji na rọketi munitions ome osooso, ha nso 20 km. Ọ bụ ihe kwesịrị ịrịba ama na a ogologo oge, ọbụna ihe yiri nke ndị dị otú mines, na-akpọ "Ndị Nwere Obi Ike" e nkewa. Self-propelled ngwa agha 2C4 "tulip" nwere kpụrụ nke mgbochi-agha, nuclear na laser egosi shells. N'ihi na égbè nke "tulip" na-adabara cassette "Nerpa" na incendiary "Pollock."

Analogues na uzo ozo

Banyere ndị ogbo na akpa ebe ọ ga-ahụ kwuru na kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ karịsịa ogbunigwe, n'ịkpa ọtụtụ ndị ụwa, na-eru 150 mm caliber. Ngwa agha "Tulip" bụ nnọọ otu n'ime ndị kasị njọ. Ya mere, mgbe na-ekwu banyere onye ọzọ na nke a na-ebibi egbe, ọ bụ ihe kwesịrị ekwesị na-ekwu okwu abụghị nke ukwuu banyere ot ogbunigwe, dị ka a multiple rọketi launchers, na ọbụna ọgụ ugbo elu. "Tulip" na-enye ụzọ dị iche iche MRL ma e wezụga na ndị égbè nso, mgbe budata n'ihu ha ọnụego nke ọkụ na-achịkwa ji mara. Ke adianade do, "ifufe" na "Grad", ha na-ekwu, ndi-ìsì, mgbe shells chụọ n'ọrụ si "Tulip", nwere ike na-achịkwa remotely.

Ikere na agha ụwa

The mbụ njọ ule malitere agha edinam ke Afghanistan. 240-mm onwe-propelled ngwa agha "Tulip" emewo gosipụtara onwe ya na ugwu ugwu ebe ka "magburu onwe". The Afghan agha emewo 120 ACS akụkụ, tumadi iji elu-agbawa agbawa fragmentation mines na-eduzi agba "Daredevil."

M na-eji "Tulip" na abụọ Chechen agha. Mgbe mbụ shot Dudayev ka ebubo Russia na idobe a bọmbụ nuklia. N'eziokwu, mbibi mere onye na naanị m.

Taa ngwa agha "Tulip" ọ bụ hụrụ ọzọ na Donbass. Dị ka warlords, VSN agha nwere ha nwere 2 ngwa agha "Tulip", ha ma wee na-akpata ịlụ ọgụ.

Taa ngwa agha "Tulip" e si na mmepụta, ma ọ bụghị napụrụ ọrụ.