Smolensk Province: ógbè na obodo nta

Akụkọ nke mbụ anāchi achi nke dị n'ókèala Imperial Russia ụbọchị laghachi 1708 afọ. Nke a na ụdị subdivision adị ruo mgbe 1929. N'ụzọ dị otú a na-eme ka nkewa nke ókèala ndị nta ndutịm nkeji, dị ka na mpaghara nkewa.

Akụkọ nke Smolensk ógbè

N'oge e kere eke nke asatọ anāchi achi Peter m na 1708 na ọ e guzobere a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị ọzọ Smolensk n'ógbè. Land na mpaghara bụ akụkụ nke otu territorial unit na odude ke European akụkụ nke mba. Smolensk ógbè kere ruo 1929, ekemende ịghọ ebe n'oge Ndozigharị na Soviet Union. Isi obodo nke ógbè e weere Smolensk.

The specificity nke na ọnọdụ nke ala subdivision nke Imperial Russia nyere mbọhọ na ụba na-eme na ọtụtụ ndị n'ógbè ndị ọzọ.

Province n'ókè-esonụ mba:

• Tver ógbè (ugwu na n'ebe ugwu-n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ);
• Moscow na Kaluga (ọwụwa anyanwụ);
• Orel (ndịda - ọwụwa anyanwụ);
• Chernigov (ndịda);
• Mahileu (ọdịda anyanwụ);
• Vitebsk na Pskov (ke edere).

ala Ndozigharị

The ọhụrụ Smolensk ógbè nwere ihe dị iri na asaa na obodo. The kasị ibu nke ha: Roslavl, Smolensk, White, Vyazma, Dorogobuzh. Otú ọ dị, na 1713 ógbè e disbanded, ya kasị ukwuu akụkụ gara n'ógbè nke Riga Province.

Gasịrị, mgbe afọ iri na atọ, ọ e ikpe weghachiri eweghachi. Ọ na-emi esịnede ise distrikti: Dorogobuzh, Belsky, Smolensk, Vyazma na Roslavl.
Dịtụ mgbe e mesịrị (na 1775) ógbè e Gbanwee na Smolensk achị. N'ihi territorial mgbanwe bụ Nsonye nke asaa ọhụrụ ógbè: Kasplyanskogo, Elninskaya, Krasninsky, Gzhatsk, Sychevsky, Porechsky, Ruposovskogo. A afọ ole na ole mgbe e mesịrị Ruposovsky na Kasplinsky ógbè a ghọọ Yukhnovsky na Duhovschinsky. Ọ bụ naanị na 1796 achị reformatted ọzọ dị n'ógbè.

Na oge site na 1802 ruo 1918 na anatara nke Smolensk ógbè mejupụtara iri na abụọ distrikti. The kasị nta n'ókèala nwere Sychevsky - 2825 square versts.

Nlekọta territorial district nke Smolensk ógbè:

• Yukhnovsky;
• Vyazemskij;
• Belsky;
• Gzhatskaya;
• Duhovschinsky;
• Elninskaya;
• Sychevsky;
• Dorogobuzh;
• Roslavlsky;
• Smolensk;
• Porechsky;
• Krasninsky.

241 parish e debara aha na-asị, 4.130 ime ime obodo na banyere ọzọ 14,000 bi ebe. Ke adianade do, n'ókèala nke ógbè asatọ niile na 600 obodo nta. The ike nke mmezi ndị ugbo, obodo nta, ugbo. Ogologo Smolensk ógbè bụ 340 vents (otu versta izute n'oge a 1067 mita). Ya n'ókèala ẹkewetde nke nta karịa 49212 square versts.

bi

Dị ka 1897 onuogugu, ndị bi na nke ógbè Smolensk bụ obere ihe karịrị ọkara nde mmadụ bi. Na obodo-erughị iri percent nke ndị bi, banyere 121 puku ụmụ amaala. Tupu ekpochapụ serfdom na 1761, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke serfs bịara 70% nke ngụkọta bi.

Smolensk ógbè nwere ọgụgụ kasị nke na-abụghị free onye n'etiti ndi nile anāchi achi nke Tsarist Russia. Na otu nwa amadi na nkezi gua banyere 60 serfs. Erule ọgwụgwụ narị afọ nke 19 nke dị n'ógbè Smolensk, e nwere 13 ebe obibi, 763 ụka na otu obodo. Pasent ụkọchukwu bụ 0,6% nke ngụkọta ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị mmadụ na-anọ. Smolensk ógbè dị ka otu territorial unit kwụsịrị ịdị adị na 1929, na ya ala, weghaara na Western Region.

Ụlọ ọrụ na agriculture na mpaghara

Obodo nta nke Smolensk ógbè ama maka ọkà tanners na-akpa ákwà. Obodo bi na-tumadi aku ugbo, na-emezu mkpụrụ: rye, ọka oat, buckwheat, wheat. Na Rostislavskom asị akọ millet na a obere olu. Na Vyazma na Sychevsky ógbè akọ hemp na flax. The obodo Tesovo Sychevskii district nwere lnovodnaya ojii. Ịkpa ákwà na owu-spinning na nkume igwe nri dị na obodo Yartsevo Duhovschinskogo County. Na Rostislavskom County akadade Matchbox na akpụkpọ anụ mmepụta. Ọ na-agbasa dị ka mmepụta nke mgbatị nke crystal ngwaahịa na ọhịa na ngwaahịa. Bielsko - tar na brick-arụ ọrụ.

Smolensk ógbè ama n'ihi na ya n'ubi. Tumadi aku cultivation dị iche iche iche iche nke apụl, plums na pears. Apụl na-ere na Moscow. Ma ọ bụghị naanị na ama n'ihi na ya agriculture Smolensk n'ógbè.

Smolensk asị

Nke a n'ógbè ahụ nke mmadụ kasị biri tụnyere mba ndị ọzọ. The obodo bi na tumadi ahia mmekọahụ na Lithuanians. Roslavl asị tumadi ekenịmde ugbo ọrụ.

Naanị ebe a na-eto buckwheat, barley na millet. Ya na nke mbụ kere Smolensk agrarian otu maka mmepe nke ugbo. E nwere n'ụlọ nkwakọba nke ugbo ígwè na achụ nta. Ọ ẹkenịmde nke ukwuu na-arụpụta ka okwu mmeghe dochie koo koo. The egbe arụpụtara site obodo nna ukwu, abụghị usụhọde factory ọkọlọtọ.

Site 1880 954 ụlọ mmepụta ihe na factory, na arụ ọrụ na Smolensk n'ógbè. N'elu ọzọ arọ iri na asatọ, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke igwe na ụlọ mmepụta ihe na mụbara site asatọ nkeji. Karịsịa, anyị na-ma melite cheese factory, nke bụ ọzọ yiri ke n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ na distrikti nke ógbè.

ọgwụgwụ

Na banyere 1000 afọ gara aga, ọ bịara doo anya na irè ịrụ ọrụ nke ala ga-nkewa n'ime ndutịm nkeji. The mbụ zoro akpa azụ X narị afọ AD. Princess Olga kewara Novgorod ala na e liri ndị. Mgbe e mesịrị na XV narị afọ, Ivan Grozny nwere nkewa nke Novgorod n'ókèala fifths. Ná mmalite nke XVIII narị afọ, ya ẹkenam echiche nke anāchi achi na distrikti. Ha ghọrọ ndị prototype nke taa na mpaghara na distrikti.