Smolensk region bi: nọmba ma agbụrụ mejupụtara

"Castle dị ukwuu, a ọtụtụ ndị na" - na-akọwa dị ebube oge ochie Smolensk Ustyuzhanskaya mere n'ụbọchị IX narị afọ. Nke a bụ nke mbụ okwu nke dị ebube Smolensk mpaghara. N'ihi na nke abụọ na narị afọ iri emblazoned na bịara n'ikperé mmiri nke Dnieper oge ochie Russian obodo, nke ghọọ a isi mpaghara etiti. Travel dị ka ebe na-aghọ a n'ezie chọpụtara nke dị ebube mpaghara. O bu ihe ijuanya ọ bụghị nanị na ọdịdị na ije, ma ndị bi Smolensk mpaghara. Ọbịa na-mgbe kelee ji obi ụtọ, na a Russian zaa.

Area Smolensk region

The n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke Russian ala awara site ebube Smolensk ala, nke nwere ike iji ya tụnyere a maara ihe ochie agha nọ na udo. Ma, n'ezie, ọtụtụ ugboro a dike obodo ghọrọ a ọta Russia. Sam Smolensk dị na elu esịmde nke Dnieper River nsannsan 365 km si Moscow. Smolensk region bụ a isiokwu nke Russian Federation na bụ na ndị Central Federal District.

A obodo a mụrụ na asaa ugwu nke ahia uzo si "Varangians ndị Gris" ghọrọ center nke ọtụtụ niile. Taa, Smolensk mpaghara nwere a nkịtị ókè na Bryansk, Pskov, Moscow, Kaluga, Tver mpaghara. Belarus bụ n'akụkụ aka onu nke Smolensk, Vitebsk na Mogilev mpaghara. Ekara region na 1937.

Brief nkọwa nke ebe

Smolensk region enyene banyere 50 000 km na center nke East European Plain. E nwere ebe a, dị ka upland na ala ala. The idụhe bụ ọnọdụ continental, dị ka na ihu igwe mpaghara - agafeghị oke. Na-akwọ ụgbọala site na ebe, ị nwere ike na-ele ndị wavy elu, ugwu ugwu ebe na osimiri ndagwurugwu.

Na ókèala nke Smolensk region e nwere ọtụtụ minerals si sedimentary malite. E nwere ike okosobode na ego na nke aja aja coal, peat, nkume nnu, loam na ụrọ. Agaghị ghọgburu ọdịdị nke ala ndị a curative apịtị na ịnweta mmiri. Mgbe ụfọdụ, e nwere ego nke oké nkume crystal, silica, ores, ocher. peat mee ke ebe dị nnọọ elu. N'ihi na ndị na-ewu ọrụ na-mined ájá, ajịrịja nkume, gypsum.

Na oyi ọ bụ uru a ngosi kentuoyi okpomọkụ, okpomọkụ - ekpo ọkụ na mmiri na-ezo. Gaba site ebe ndị tributaries nke Dnieper ka Vyazma, Vop River, Desna, Sozh. N'ihi ya, jupụta elu ọzọ nke mmiri mee ndị ahụ bụ isi osimiri dị ka Volga na Oka, nke igba Vazuza na Ugra.

Isi nke ebe Smolensk region nwere Nuclear podzolic Ona. Mgbe ụfọdụ, e nwere aja na loamy plots. Na mpaghara a na e nwere ọtụtụ oké ọhịa, ala ahịhịa juru na ala mmiri. N'ebe nile ubi nke na-emezu osisi. Isi nnọchiteanya nke ọhịa na spruce, birch, Aspen. Ubé obere na-anọchi anya oak, maples, ntụ, Linden. The fauna na-anọchi anya ọtụtụ ụdị mammals na nnụnụ. About 50 umu nke azụ na-hụrụ na obodo mmiri.

ya mere eme

Krivichi biri na ala nke Smolensk, Smolensk region bi, si n'aka ha. Mgbe obodo a ogologo oge n'okpuru akara nke Kievan rus. The heyday nke Smolensk ihe gbasara onye isi dara na XII narị afọ. Ụfọdụ oge nke ala bụ akụkụ nke Duchy nke Lithuania, na mgbe e mesịrị ha sonyeere Moscow Statement. The ikpeazụ mgbanwe nke Smolensk ala nke Russian State mere mgbe Russian-Polish see. Ya mere, na XVIII narị afọ, e nwere Smolensk n'ógbè.

Ná mmalite nke Soviet oge, ụfọdụ n'ime Smolensk region bụ akụkụ nke Byelorussian SSR. Ma ebe ọ bụ 1937 na ọ ka enwetara oge a ala.

Famous obodo

Na Smolensk ala mụrụ ndị a ma ama, otu nke nkà nka, eme ihe nkiri, amamiihe-arọ, dere, na-ede uri, na-akpụ ihe. Ọtụtụ gburu ya amamihe ama dere Mikhail Glinka. Ọ bụ ebe a mụrụ mbụ cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin. Agaghị echefu echefu ome ochi, ọgbọ egwuregwu ngosi Yuri Nikulin bụkwa a nwaafo nke Smolensk mpaghara. Mpako bi na nke ebe ndị dị otú ahụ oke amamihe dị ka Alexander Twardowski, nm Przewalski, S. Konenkov, Azimov, A. Griboyedov.

The bi Smolensk region

All-Russian onuogugu ke 2010 chọpụtara na nke 18 na mpaghara nke Central District nke Smolensk Region Federation were 16 ebe. The ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị Smolensk region nke ndị bi na mgbe ahụ 985 500 ndị mmadụ. a ọnụ ọgụgụ a na nke ukwuu mgbe gbanwere na N'ezie nke ihe ndị mere eme. Dị ka Rosstat, na 2013 ndị bi na njupụta nke Smolensk region ra ka 19,59 ndị mmadụ kwa sq / km. Na njupụta Mbelata na otu oge na-nnọọ mmetụta mmepe obodo.

The ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị bi n'obodo ukwu bi karịa nnọọ ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ime obodo bi. Ebe ọ bụ na a ruru bụ 72% na 28% nke ndị bi na nke bi n'ime ime obodo. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị inyom na mmekọrita ikom bụ budata elu karịa. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị inyom n'ebe a bụ hà 536.900 na ndị ikom - 448,6 puku.

Na isi obodo mba, obodo nke Smolensk, na kwuru nke January 2017, bụ n'ụlọ ka 328,906 ndị mmadụ.

Smolensk region, ndị nọ n'obodo na mpaghara

The obodo kasị ukwuu nke Smolensk, n'ezie, bụ isi obodo nke mba - Smolensk. Banyere size of a obodo kwuru n'elu. Nke abụọ kasị ukwuu mpaghara etiti-egosi ebube Vyazma, ebe 54.259 ndị mmadụ bi. Behind ya abịa Roslavl obodo na a bi 51 775 bi na ya. Fọrọ nke nta ahụ ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị na-district emmepe Yartsevo na Safonovo (46 219 na 43 727). Na obodo nke Gagarin, ndụ 26.916 ndị mmadụ, Desnogorsk nwere 28.518 bi. Ebe a na-ọzọ, obere bi n'obodo Smolensk region na ndị bi na:

• Ore - 9650.
• Yelnya - 9460.
• Pochinok - 8684.
• Sychovka - 8246.
• Velizh - 7078.
• Demidov - 6585.
• Dukhovshchina - 4125.

Population District, Smolensk Region nwere ndị na-esonụ e ji mara:

• Velizh rn - 11.114.
• Vyazemskij rn - 77.359.
• Haharins'kyi N - 45.940.
• Glinkovsky rn - 4404.
• Demidov rn - 12.310.
• Dorogobuzh district - 27.376.
• Duhovschinsky rn - 15.484.
• Elninskaya rn - 13.846.
• Ershichsky rn - 6444.
• Kardymovsky rn - 12.499.
• Krasninskoe rn - 12.269.
• Monastyrschinsky rn - 9472.
• Novoduginsky rn - 9603.
• Pochinkovsky rn - 29.851.
• Roslavlsky rn - 71.990.
• Rudnyansky rn - 23.562.
• Safonovsky rn - 58.803.
• Smolenski rn - 53.889.
• Sychevskii rn - 13.807.
• Temkinsky rn - 5971.
• Ugransky rn - 8190.
• Hislavichsky rn - 8106.
• Holm-Zhirkovsky rn - 9754.
• Shumyachsky rn - 9909.
• Yartsevskiy rn - 54.231.

Adịbeghị anya mgbawa nke bi

The ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị Smolensk region bi na ama 958 600 ndị mmadụ na 2016. On January 1 nke afọ a, bi n'obodo ukwu bi, e nwere 690 000 (72%), ime obodo bi bụ 268 600 (28%). Ọ ga-kwuru na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke mba ọzọ bi karịa ndị ọzọ. Dịkarịa ala nke niile ndị bi n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ na mpaghara (Temkinsky, Ugra). The ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ụmụaka na-eto eto bụ 336 000 ndị. The bi Smolensk region ke 2016 ebelata tụnyere 2015 na 6000 ndị mmadụ.

National mejupụtara

Ọtụtụ ndị nwere mmasị na ọ bụghị nanị na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị bi na nke Smolensk mpaghara, ma ya agbụrụ mejupụtara. 97% nke ngụkọta Russian bi ogide Smolensk. Na n'ọnọdụ nke abụọ bụ ndị nnọchiteanya nke Belarus (0.83%). The Ukrainian mba na-anọchi anya ebe a site na 0,64%. Juu na-ewetara ke ichekwa 0,56%. Roma jide 0,18% nke ndị bi. Nnọọ obere, ma ka dị ugbu a na mpaghara nke Armenians, Azerbaijanis, Tatars, osisi, Georgians, Germany.

eke na-adọrọ mmasị

Iji chebe eke usoro, nakwa dị ka ebumnuche nyocha na mpaghara nke Smolensk Lake District e kere. Nke a aha a idobere na-erite site 35 ọdọ mmiri n'ime ya Ọdịdị. Onye ọ bụla n'ime ha bụ ma ama n'ihi na ya pụrụ iche mara mma. Ahịa Smolenskii Lake District tinye n'ime a kediegwu ikuku. N'ime idobere na e nwere ọtụtụ akụkọ ihe mere eme ncheta. Otu n'ime ha bụ otu agadi oge ochie Russian obodo Verzhavsk ewu na na IX-XII ọtụtụ narị afọ.

A oke itunanya mara mma ebe na-na-ejikọta ya na oké njem na nchoputa nke Asian ala - N. M. Przhevalskim. Ọtụtụ ndị njem na obodo maara na ama isi iyi a na-akpọ "Nsọ Ọfọn".

ụkpụrụ ụlọ ncheta

Site kasị ochie ụkpụrụ ụlọ owuwu nwere ike oké Smolensk wusiri ike nkume obí eze. Ọ e wuru ka n'okpuru idu ndú nke eze Fedor Ioanovicha dị ka XVI-na Asaa narị afọ n'etiti Moscow ihe gbasara onye isi na Rzeczpospolita pụtara territorial esemokwu. banyere 30,000 goro ọrụ e ji wuo ihe owuwu a. Nke a bụ ihe owuwu ncheta nke mgbidi obodo na 38 elu, ụfọdụ na-eru 33 mita n'ịdị elu. Nke a bụ ike kacha ike mgbidi rus ugboro. Ọ chịkwara ndị na-ewu nke ama Smolensk nwe Fyodor Eltekọn.

Na Smolensk region dị ka ọ bụla ọzọ chekwara ncheta nke Russian omenala tupu Mongol oge. Ebe a na e nwere ọrụ na Baroque style, nakwa dị ka enweghị atụ ihe atụ nke ụlọ chọọchị.

Na Smolensk e nwere ọtụtụ ncheta, okụre, na-echeta ebe nchekwa nke ọtụtụ ebe ndị agha ihe. Ọzọkwa ebe a, e nwere ọtụtụ ihe ncheta raara nye ama obodo. "Green Olu nke obodo" - na-akpọ ndị mmadụ nke Smolensk ha ogige ntụrụndụ.

Isi ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na chọọchị Ọtọdọks

Ọtụtụ na ntị Boldino obodo na na Smolensk mpaghara. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ndị njem nleta na-aga n'ebe ahụ tour. Otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị ochie na ọtụtụ mara mma ihe ebe a bụ Holy Trinity Obibi. Ọ tọrọ ntọala site na St. Gerasimos Boldin ka nọ VI na narị afọ. Ọtụtụ ugboro ama weghachiri temple, ma ọ na-aga n'ihu na-atọ ya ọbịa.

N'ime obodo Novospassky Smolensk region bụ a ngosi nka-manor M. I. Glinki, ebe ọ ozugbo bi. Nke a manor bụ naanị ncheta raara nye ma ama Russian andiwet. The ala na ụlọ mejupụtara a isi abụọ-storey ụlọ, kichin annexe, a guest, a na-eme bred, ahụ e ji ebu ụlọ, mara mma gazebos na nna nna temple. Ọtụtụ mgbe, n'ihi na ndị ọbịa aha uda maa mma ụda nke piano.

The obodo Hmelita Smolensk region nọgidere na mbụ ala na ụlọ nke ezinụlọ Griboyedov. Ụfọdụ atụmatụ nke ụlọ a pụrụ ịchọta ya adịghị anwụ anwụ ntochi "Ahụhụ ga-adịrị si ama". The n'obí park ensemble agụnye a nkume ụlọ, 4 outbuildings, a park na alleys, 2 ponds na temple.

N'etiti obodo nta nke Katyn akwu na Smolensk region bụ a ncheta mgbagwoju "Katyn". N'ihi na a ogologo oge na Soviet oge, ebe a na-adịghị kwuru, ebe ọ bụ na 1940 e mere ọdachi. Ọ bụ na obodo ọhịa ahụ gbara ọtụtụ iri puku kwuru iri puku nke Polish ojii na ndị mkpọrọ ndị ọzọ. Ncheta mgbagwoju nnọọ ụmụaka, ọ e mepere 2000. Isi n'ọnụ ụzọ ncheta bụ na e mere n'ụdị iko lekwasịrị. Ke ufọt mgbagwoju guzo ogologo Orthodox cross na ya na-aga ebe nchekwa uzo warawara.

Na Smolensk region na-wuru ọtụtụ n'ụlọ nsọ, ma tupu Mongol oge, ha nọgidere na atọ: Church of intercession, Cathedral nke mwere, St. Sergius ụka na Church nke Ascension Obibi.