Sulfur Oxide

Sulfur na-adịkarị n'ụwa, n'etiti ihe ndị ọzọ ọ na-anọ ebe iri na isii. Ọ na-eme ma na steeti n'efu na n'ụdị njikọ. Njirimara ndị na-abụghị nke ọma bụ ihe e ji mara njirimara a. Aha ya bụ Latin "Sulfur", nke ihe nnọchianya ahụ pụtara. Ihe mmewere bụ akụkụ nke ions dị iche iche nke ogige nwere oxygen na / ma ọ bụ hydrogen, na-emepụta ọtụtụ ihe ndị dị na klas, salts na ọtụtụ oxides, nke ọ bụla n'ime ha nwere ike ịkpọ sulfure oxide na mgbakwunye Ihe ngosi na-egosi valence. Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke oxydation na ọ na-egosi na ogige dị iche iche bụ +6, +4, +2, 0, -1, -2. Oxides nke sọlfọ na ogo ogo dị iche iche mara. Ihe kachasị bụ sulfur dioxide na trioxide. Ihe a maara nke ọma bụ sulfur monoxide, nakwa dị elu (ma e wezụga SO3) na obere oxides nke mmewere.

Sulfur monoxide

Ngwurugwu na-eme ka a ghara ịchọta sulfur oxide II, SO, n'ile anya na ihe a bụ gas na-adịghị mma. Mgbe ọ na-ejikọta ya na mmiri, ọ gaghị akwatu, kama ọ na-eme ya. Nke a bụ ihe dị nnọọ ụkọ nke na-eme nanị na gburugburu gas gasị. Ngwurugwu nke dị na ya bụ ihe na-adịghị agbanwe agbanwe, nke mbụ gbanwere na S2O2, (nke a na-akpọ disulfur gas ma ọ bụ sulfur peroxide). N'ihi ihe na-emekarị nke sọlfọ monoxide na ikuku anyị na nkwụsi ike dị ala nke igwe ala ahụ, ọ na-esi ike ịchọtacha ihe ize ndụ nke ihe a. Ma na mkpụrụ nke nwere ike ịkọ ma ọ bụ karịa, a na-agbanwe oxide na peroxide, nke dị nro ma na-emebi emebi. A na-ekpochapụkwa onyinye a (methane yiri ihe a), sulfur dioxide dioxide - gas na-egbu egbu - na - emepụta n'oge mgbochi. Sọlfọ oxide ahụrụ bụ banyere 2 Íø (otu n'ime Jupiter Satellites) na ikuku nke Venus na interstellar ọkara. A na-eche na na Io, a na-enweta ya n'ihi usoro mgbawa na foto. Ihe omimi nke fotochemicals bụ isi: O + S2 → S + SO na SO2 → SO + O.

Mmiri ogwu

Sulfur dioxide nke IV, ma ọ bụ sọlfọ dioxide (SO2) bụ gas na-enweghị ntụpọ na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ. N'elu okpomọkụ nke minus 10 C, ọ na-agafe na mmiri mmiri, na na okpomọkụ nke obere 73 C ike. Na 20 Celsius, ihe dịka 40 nke SO2 na-agbaze n'ime 1 liter mmiri.

Oside sulfur a, nke kpochapuru n'ime mmiri, bu sulfurous acid, ebe obu na ya bu anhydride: SO2 + H2O ↔ H2SO3.

Ọ interacts na ndọkwasi nile na isi oxides: 2NaOH → SO2 + Na2SO3 + H2O na SO2 + CaO → CaSO3.

Maka sulfur dioxide, njirimara nke onye na-ahụ maka oxidizing na onye na-eme ka ndị na-ebelata ihe dị mma. A na-egbu oxygen site na ikuku oxygen na mmiri sulfuric anhydride n'ihu ọnụma: SO2 + O2 → 2SO3. Site na ndị na-emewanye ka ndị mmadụ belata, dịka nsí ọkụ, ọ na-arụ ọrụ oxidizer: H2S + SO2 → S + H2O.

A na-eji gas na-emepụta ihe n'ime ụlọ ọrụ maka iji mepụta sulfuric acid. Sulfur dioxide na-enweta site na sọlfọ na-ere ọkụ ma ọ bụ pyrites ígwè: 11O2 + 4FeS2 → 2Fe2O3 + 8SO2.

Sulfuric anhydride

Sulfur oxide VI, ma ọ bụ sọlfọ trioxide (SO3) bụ ngwaahịa etiti ma ọ nweghị uru onwe ya. N'ile anya ọ bụ mmiri mmiri na-enweghị ntụpọ. Ọ na-agba na okpomọkụ nke 45 Celsius C, na n'okpuru 17 Celsius C-atụgharị ghọọ ọcha crystalline uka. Nke a elu oxides nke sọlfọ (na ogo nke ọxịdashọn nke sọlfọ atọm + 6) ji oké hygroscopicity. Na mmiri, ọ na-abụ sulfuric acid: SO3 + H2O ↔ H2SO4. Dissolving na mmiri, na-enye ọtụtụ okpomọkụ na, ọ bụrụ na ị tinye bụghị nwayọọ nwayọọ, ma ozugbo a nnukwu ego nke oxide, mgbe ahụ, gbawapụ nwere ike ime. A na-edozi sulfuric acid sulfuric acid nke ọma na nhazi ogwu. Ihe ọdịnaya nke SO3 na oleum ruru 60%. N'ihi na nke a sọlfọ compound e ji niile Njirimara nke ihe acidic oxide.

Osimiri sulfur dị elu ma dị ala

Ọfụfụ sulfụfụ dị elu bụ otu nke ogidi chemical na usoro SO3 + x, ebe x nwere ike ịbụ 0 ma ọ bụ 1. The monomeric oxide SO4 nwere peroxo otu (OO) ma jiri ya, dị ka SO3 oxide, site na nzebichi nke sulfur +6. Nke a sọlfọ oxide ike-emepụta na ala okpomọkụ (n'okpuru 78 C) na mmeghachi omume SO3 na atọm oxygen ma ọ bụ photolysis nke SO3 na ngwakọta na ozone.

Osimiri sulfur dị ala bụ otu nke ogige ọgwụ, nke gụnyere:

• SO (sulfide oxide na dimkpa S2O2);
• S2O;
• Mono-oxides nke sulfur SnO (bụ ogige cyclic nke yiri mgbaaka nke sulfur na-akpụ, n nwere ike ịbụ site na 5 ruo 10);
• S7O2;
• Polymeric oxides nke sọlfọ.

Mmasị nke oxides sulfur ala abawanyela. Nke a bụ n'ihi na ọ dị mkpa ka ha nyochaa ọdịnaya ha na mbara ala na mbara igwe.