The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Pythagorean Theorem. The àmà

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Pythagorean Theorem nwere ọtụtụ millennia. Na-azọrọ na-ekwu na square nke hypotenuse bụ hà nchikota nke n'ámá nke ụkwụ, ọ maara ogologo oge tupu ọmụmụ nke Greek mgbakọ na mwepụ. Otú ọ dị, Pythagorean Theorem, akụkọ ihe mere eme nke e kere eke na-egosi na ya ibikwa n'ihi na ọtụtụ ndị na ọ bụ ndị a ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị. Dị ka ụfọdụ ndị isi mmalite, ihe mere nke a bụ nke mbụ na àmà nke Theorem, nke e kwadoro site Pythagoras. Otú ọ dị, ụfọdụ na-eme nnyocha na-agbagha eziokwu a.

Music na mgbagha

Tupu anyị na-agwa gị otú ị na akụkọ ghọrọ usoro Pythagorean Theorem, na nkenke biography nke mgbakọ na mwepụ. Ọ dịrị ndụ na VI na narị afọ BC. Ụbọchị ọmụmụ nke Pythagoras 570 BC. e, a n'ebe -. n'àgwàetiti Samos. On a ọkà mmụta sayensị ndụ ya a maara a obere. Biographical ọmụma Grik na isi mmalite na-ekpuchi na doro anya akụkọ ifo. Na peeji nke treatises ọ na-egosi a oké sage, oké iwu nke okwu na ikike ime ka. Site n'ụzọ, nke a bụ ya mere Greek mgbakọ na mwepụ Pythagoras na-akpọ, ọ bụ "kwenye okwu." Dị ka ọzọ version, ọmụmụ nke a ga-eme n'ọdịnihu sage buru amụma Iha. Nna ya nsọpụrụ a na-akpọ nwa okoro ahụ site Pythagoras.

Sage mụọ na oké uche ndị na-oge. N'etiti ndi-ode-eto eto Pythagoras na Pherecydes apụta Germodamant Sirossky. The mbụ kụnyere n'ime ya a ịhụnanya nke music, nke abụọ kụziiri nkà ihe ọmụma. Ma ndị a na sayensị ga-anọgide na-elekwasị anya nke a ọkà mmụta sayensị ahụ ná ndụ ya.

Education na afọ 30 ogologo

Dị ka otu version, ịbụ ịmata eto eto ndị ikom, Pythagoras ekpe ala nna ya ala. Ọ gara lee anya maka ihe ọmụma na Egypt, ebe ọ nọrọ, dị ka dị iche iche na isi mmalite, site 11 ruo afọ 22, na mgbe e weere mkpọrọ na zigara Babylon. Pythagoras bụ ike na-erite uru ndokwa. N'ihi na afọ 12, ọ na-amụrụ mgbakọ na mwepụ, jiometrị, na anwansi na oge ochie ala. Samos Pythagoras alaghachighị ruo mgbe afọ 56 ochie. Ebe a, mgbe iwu nke ọchịchị aka ike Polycrates. Pythagoras ekwetaghị dị otú ahụ a na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị usoro, na n'oge na-adịghị gara n'ebe ndịda nke Italy, ebe ọ na enịm Greek ógbè nke Croton.

Taa, i nwere ike ikwu n'ezie ma Pythagoras bụ Ijipt na Babylon. Ikekwe ọ hapụrụ Samos na mgbe e mesịrị wee ozugbo na Croton.

Pythagoreans

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Pythagorean Theorem metụtara mmepe kere onye Gris bụ ọkà nke akwụkwọ. Nke a okpukpe-usoro ziri ezi ụmụnna kwusara igbaso akpan akpan lifestyles, mụọ som, jiometrị na mbara igwe, e kwere nkwa ọlụlụ na-amụ nkà ihe ọmụma na omimi n'akụkụ nke nọmba.

All ụmụ akwụkwọ emeghe Greek mgbakọ na mwepụ ekewet ya. Otú ọ dị, akụkọ ihe mere eme nke na mbido nke Pythagorean Theorem kegidere oge ochie biographers naanị site a ọkà ihe ọmụma. Ọ na-na-eche na o nyere ndi-Grik ihe ọmụma nweela na Babilọn na Egypt. E nwekwara a version na ọ chọpụtara Theorem na oke nke ụkwụ na hypotenuse, n'amaghị ihe rụzuru nke mba ndị ọzọ.

Pythagorean Theorem: akụkọ ihe mere eme nke chọpụtara

Na ụfọdụ Greek isi mmalite ịkọwa ọṅụ nke Pythagoras, mgbe ọ bụ nwee ike igosi na Theorem. Na nsọpụrụ nke ihe omume a, o nyere iwu àjà chi n'ụdị ọtụtụ narị ehi, na mere a oriri. Ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta, Otú ọ dị, mgbe na-apụghị ime nke ndị dị otú ahụ edinam n'ihi na ọdịdị nke Pythagoreans echiche.

Ọ na-kweere na na inem "Ihe", kere site Euclid, na-ede akwụkwọ na-enye ihe àmà nke Theorem, na-ede akwụkwọ nke nke bụ oké Greek mgbakọ na mwepụ. Otú ọ dị, echiche a na-anaghị akwado na niile. Ya mere, ọbụna oge ochie ọkà ihe ọmụma Neoplatonist Proclus kwuru na-ede akwụkwọ nke n'elu na "Principia" bụ n'onwe ya ihe àmà nke Euclid.

Ihe ọ bụla ọ bụ, ma ndị mbụ na-ichepụta a Theorem nke ka bụ Pythagoras.

Ancient Egypt na Babylon

Pythagorean Theorem, nke na-emekọ na akụkọ nke e kere eke na isiokwu, dị ka German mgbakọ na mwepụ Cantor, a maara dị ka n'oge dị 2300 BC. e. na Egypt. The oge ochie bi nke ọchịchị na Ndagwurugwu Naịl Pharaoh Amenemhat m maara hara nhatanha February ³ + 4 = 5 ^{² ².} Ọ na-na-eche na na-enyemaka nke a triangle na n'akụkụ 3, 4 na nke 5 nke Ijipt "eriri natyagivateli" agbakọta angles.

Mara Theorem nke Pythagoras na Babịlọn. On mbadamba ụrọ na-akpa si 2000 BC na ekewet ọchịchị King Hammurabi, chọpụtara ihe ndika ngụkọta oge nke hypotenuse nke a nri triangle.

India na China

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Pythagorean Theorem jikọọ na Mmepeanya Oge Ochie nke India na China. Inem "Xuan Zhou bi-Jin" nwere ntuziaka na Ijipt triangle (ya n'akụkụ ikwu dị ka 3: 4: 5) a mara na China dị ka n'oge dị na XII. BC. e. na VI. BC. e. mgbakọ na mwepụ nke steeti a mara n'ozuzu ụdị nke Theorem.

Construction nke a nri n'akuku triangle iji Ijipt a kọwara na Indian inem "Sulva Sutra" akpa si VII-V CC. BC. e.

N'ihi ya, ihe mere eme nke Pythagorean Theorem na oge nke ọmụmụ nke Greek mgbakọ na mwepụ na ọkà ihe ọmụma na-aga azụ ọtụtụ narị afọ.

na-egosi

N'oge ya adị Theorem bụ otu n'ime ndị isi jiometrị. History of àmà nke Theorem nke Pythagoras, eleghị anya, malite na echiche nke ihe equilateral nri triangle. On ya hypotenuse na n'akụkụ na-wuru n'ámá. The otu na "toro 'na hypotenuse, ga-iso nke anọ triangles na-hà na mbu. The n'ámá na cathetus otú iso nke abụọ dị otú ahụ triangles. Simple graphic nnochi egosi n'ụzọ doro ndaba nke nzọrọ chepụtara na ụdị nke ama Theorem.

Ọzọ mfe àmà agwakọta jiometrị na algebra. Anọ yiri nri-angled triangles na n'akụkụ a, b, c na-adọta ka na-etolite abụọ n'ámá: elu n'akụkụ (a + c) na ihu n'akụkụ. N'ihi ya a nta nke ebe square bụ hà ^2. The ebe nke nnukwu gbakọrọ si nchikota nke ebe nke a obere square na niile triangles (akụkụ anọ nke ebe triangle, anyị na-echeta, na gbakọọ site usoro (A * B) / 2), ie ² + 4 * ((A * B) / 2), nke bụ hà ² + 2av. The ebe nke nnukwu square nwere ike gbakọọ ke a dị iche iche n'ụzọ - dị ka ngwaahịa nke abụọ n'akụkụ, ya bụ, (a + b) ^2, nke bụ hà a ² + ² + 2av. Ọ amama:

na 2av + ² + ² + ² = 2av,

na ² + ² = s ^2.

E nwere ọtụtụ variants nke gosiri na nke a Theorem. N'elu ha na-arụ ọrụ na Euclid, na Indian ọkà mmụta sayensị, na Leonardo da Vinci. Ọtụtụ mgbe oge ochie sages duru Eserese, nke na-emi odude n'elu na adịghị enye nkọwa ọ bụla, ndị ọzọ karịa ndetu, "Lee!" The mfe nke geometric àmà nyere e nwere ụfọdụ ihe ọmụma kwuru na achọghị.

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Pythagorean Theorem, chịkọtara na otu isiokwu akpata echiche ụgha banyere ya si malite. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ ike iche na aha ndi uku Greek mgbakọ na mwepụ na ọkà ihe ọmụma mgbe nile kwụsị na-metụtara ndị ya.