The mbụ agba telivishọn. Gịnị bụ aha mbụ Soviet agba telivishọn?

Modern ndụ bụ-apụghị ichetụ n'echiche na-enweghị TV. Ike kwere na ozugbo telivishọn adịghị. The mbụ na agbasa ozi n'ikuku oyiyi si a anya pụtara na anya 1880, na TV na ndị ahụ electro. Ọ bụ nanị na 1907 na e nwere ụzọ eletriki nnyefe nke ihe oyiyi ahụ, na 1932 ndị America mepụtakwara electronic telivishọn. N'oge na-adịghị mgbe mbụ nwa-na-na-acha ọcha ụdị, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị mepụtara mbụ agba TV. Black na-acha ọcha na agba na-adịghị ekwe ka n'ụzọ zuru ezu-enwe mma nke n'èzí ụwa. Nna nna anyị hà ka n'ihu TV ihuenyo atọ-agba film, si otú na-agbalị diversify agba gamut nke image.

The mbụ patented imewe

Ná ngwụsị nke iri na itoolu na narị afọ Russian mmewe, engineer-technologist Alexander Polumordvinov speculated banyere ekwe omume nke agba TV. Ọ nọchiri na njedebe nke 1899 iji nweta a patent na a ezi multi-acha telivishọn usoro. Nke a na usoro bụ ihe analọg ugbu a. Na dum akụkọ ihe mere ọ na-e mara banyere iri abụọ na ise na agba nnyefe oru tinye n'ihu site dị iche iche echepụta. Alexander Polumordvinov chọrọ ozizi atọ na-acha na-ele. Nke a ozizi nke agba nghọta a na-akpọ University-Young-Gelmgontsa.

Ihe kachasi mkpa ozizi nke agba ọhụụ

N'ókè nke a ozizi bụ na site na iji a nyo (atọ-agba), nwetara site a multi-acha image nke a dịgasị iche iche nke shades. Ndị a na agba - acha uhie uhie, acha anụnụ anụnụ na green - na-eji oge anyị.

Iji-ahụ na foto, abụọ diski eji. Ha bugharia na dị iche iche gbapụrụ ọsọ ke ukem. Ke akpa mbanye oghere mere tinyere edoghi nke okirikiri, ya bụ, si center na onu, na nke abụọ ịkpụ site nchawa n'ụdị a logarithmic gburugburu. The ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ohere mpere bụ a otutu nke atọ.

Mgbe ọdịiche na ma diski yitewere, dị njikere rhomboidal oghere, nke e gbapụ so n'oge adiana drive. Iji nweta ihe oyiyi mgbaàmà sequentially emechi nchawa nzacha. Ha na-acha odo odo, green na-acha uhie uhie na agba. Na selenium photocell ìhè na leaked site diamond ekara onu, ọ ghọọ electric mgbaàmà. N'etiti ntule nke visual image na-ebute site ná na a photocell na onye ọ bụla nkeji oge e odude otu oghere na mechiri emechi agba nyo nke ọ bụla na agba. Mgbe oghere protruding n'ofè etiti image gbanwere ọzọ oghere n'akụkụ nke ọzọ gafere, nke na-dechapụ site a anya hà ọdịiche n'obosara. Oghere a kpuchie ya ọzọ na agba nyo nke a dị iche iche na agba.

Anyị chọpụta mgbe mbụ agba TV

agba telivishọn oru ngo na-ewe Adamyar, Zworykin na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ echepụta. Chọpụta ihe ndị mbụ na agba telivishọn pụtara na ụwa, ị kwesịrị ịkpọtụrụ na fifties, mgbe US ụlọ ọrụ RCA tọhapụrụ mbụ agba telivishọn mgbasaozi CBS RX-40, nke nwere a ntuziaka iṅomi. Ihuenyo size bụ 14 na 10 cm n'ihu ya e debere a diski na nzacha, nke nwere a synchronized electric moto. Ma picture quality nnọọ ogbenye. Na Russia, mbụ agba TV e wepụtara na 1954 n'obodo Leningrad. Aha nke nlereanya - "Rainbow". The uru nke Soviet TV bụ na n'usoro disk e zoro ezo ke idem. Ọzọkwa, telivishọn erite nwere elu-etokwa oghere mere nke plastic, nke jupụtara na distilled mmiri.

Development of electronic ịgụ isiokwu

Na 1950, ọ e mepụtara CRT na atọ elektrọn egbe, na n'akuku nke 120 degrees ikwu ọ bụla ọzọ. Nke a TV nwere electronic Doppler na nkpuchi kinescope kpuchie Mozis lyuminosforom. Atọ doo si atọ cathodes (egbe) na-aga "nkpuchi". Next osisi rụzie n'elu ihuenyo na agba na-udo green, acha uhie uhie na-acha anụnụ anụnụ na agba.

oge Westinghouse

Dị ka ụkpụrụ a na 1954, Westinghouse ẹkenam mbụ agba TV na osụk ya maka ire ere dị ka a nlereanya N840SK15. Ma na narị ise na iri atọ nyere ere n'ọnwa gara aga, ọtụtụ n'ime ha nọgidere na unsold. Nke a bụ n'ihi na elu price nke ọdịda - 1295 US dollar, na okwu nke taa ego - 11.200 dollar. Ọ bụghị ọbụna nyeere ihe mgbasa ozi ụlọ ọrụ na-na-na-enwe olileanya na ike a na ọchịchọ siri ike ịzụta ụwa mbụ agba telivishọn. Ọzọkwa, mbụ agba TV dịghị mkpa n'ihi nke irrelevance, n'ihi na ọtụtụ n'ime ndị na nnyefe gosiri na nwa na-acha ọcha.

Nke abụọ TV ika

The amụba ewu ewu ụtọ RCA CT-100, emi ẹkesiode ke April 1954. Ọ bụ nke mbụ na agba TV Oghere Usoro. Ya na ihuenyo bụ 12 sentimita asatọ. Ọ rere 5,000 TV na-akwụ ụgwọ $ 1,000. A izu ole na ole mgbe e mesịrị, otu ụlọ ọrụ tọhapụrụ RCA telivishọn na a na ihuenyo 15 sentimita asatọ. Mgbe e mesịrị ụdị adade na a 19- na 20-anụ ọhịa meziri.

Otú malitere ọzụzụ kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ mmepe nke ọzọ na ndị ọzọ elu telivishọn. agba TV ahịa na-ịgbasa na ugbu a na-emegiderịta mgbe e nwere ndị na agba telivishọn, ụfọdụ akụkọ ihe mere eme na-akpọ ndị dị iche iche ụbọchị. Ma nke bụ eziokwu bụ - ha pụtara ọhụrụ atụmatụ, gbanwere atụmatụ. General Electric Company rere TV na a diagonal nke 15 sentimita maka $ 1,000, na Sylvania maka 1150. ụlọ ọrụ ụfọdụ nyere TV tent maka ụgwọ ụlọ. Dị ka Emerson nke mbụ ọnwa mgbazinye ga-abụọ na narị abụọ dollar, na ụdi-akwụ ụgwọ dị ka obere ka $ 75. Ọzọkwa zutere na price $ 795 maka a nlereanya na a diagonal nke 21 sentimita asatọ. Na otu narị puku iri ise na agba TV tent e resịrị site na njedebe nke 1957. ọtụtụ TV ụdị e mepụtara na sixties, nke gụnyere "Rainbow" na "temp". Ná mmalite seventies ọnụ ọgụgụ ka elu nke na agba nnyefe ke United States, na-eri nke telivishọn na-ebelata budata. Na 1967, Soviet Union ama nke mbụ agba nnyefe SECAM ọkọlọtọ, na shelves pụtara mbụ Soviet agba telivishọn, a kpọrọ ya "Ruby 401". Ọ bụ kpam kpam Soviet development.

Mmepe nke telivishọn na USSR

Nnukwu ahịa nke TV na na a na agba oyiyi nke Soviet Union wee ke seventies. Dị ka a TV "Electron" bụ size of 77.5 55 55 cm. Nke a TV bụ zuru akụkụ nke ime, n'ihi na ọ na-eji na-dị ka a shelf. "Electron" diagonal nke 59 cm na ibu 65 n'arọ. TV ahụ kpuchie bara uru osisi na ghọọ.

Tupu mgbe ahụ, na February 1957, ndị Council nke Ozi kpebiri na na 1958 malitere akpọsa na nkwonkwo usoro. Shabolovka na November 1958 e mere OSTST-2. Na na January 1960, ọ malitere mgbe Broadcasting nke NTSC usoro. Ka nanị abụọ nke osisi na-emekwa ụfọdụ na mmepụta nke TV. Ọ Leningrad Plant. Kozitskogo - "Rainbow" na a radio factory na Moscow - "temp-22". Na ire telivishọn adịghị natara, ma, ọ bụ ezie na ha 4000 iberibe e-emepụta.

The mbụ na agba na agbasa ozi n'ikuku

The mbụ agba nnyefe na agbasa ozi n'ikuku ada itie ke 1967, November 7 site aka nkwekọrịta na imekọ ihe ọnụ nke USSR na France. The French usoro a na-akpọ SECAM. Mark mbụ agba TV bụ French - KFT.

Na 1967, ọ pụtara n'ihu "Rubin-714," nke bụ ndị kasị ewu ewu na n'oge ahụ, dị ka ihuenyo size bụ ugbua hà 61 cm.

A ogologo oge nke na agba telivishọn na-eresị ya na ala price na-enye ndị na-azụ ohere inweta a na agba TV na ihe oké ọnụ price na-enwe ekele maka uru.

Site na njedebe nke eighties ọ e rere gburugburu iri ise nde agba TV tent na USSR, dị ka echepụta ịzụlite ọzọ na ndị ọzọ ọhụrụ ụdị a mmasị Usoro.

Structure TV 70-80 afọ

Inside ahụ ekpe nahodilisya transformer, ike na ntọala, na redio na ọwa selector, na na na ala nke unit chọpụtara na agba na condensing unit. Iji nri e debere kasị dị ize ndụ na ike zuru ezu - ngọngọ enyocha kwa na elu-voltaji oriọna, na voltaji nkesa. TV were mita nso. Maka inweta a UHF ọwa ọ e wepụtara nganiihu, nke ghọrọ na ọwa na otu nke otu mita. Mgbe e mesịrị wepụtara SKD nkeji, nke adị ruo mgbe ufọt ufọt nineties, na fọrọ nke nta ka afọ iri abụọ.

Nzọụkwụ na-esonụ bụ ịkwaga transistors, na-anakọtara site na ibe. Oriọna na-aba na-eji. TV na-na-na-nta size na elu technology. Ugbu a na-emepụta na-a nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ telivishọn dị iche iche nha. Ohere TV na-eto eto ọ bụla n'afọ - ọganihu abụghị ebe.