Writer Leonid Maksimovich Leonov: biography, atụmatụ ihe na-akpali eziokwu

Na omenala na ọ kọwaa ya ebe ozugbo - Russian classic dere, chọpụtara na akwụkwọ nke na-elekọta mmadụ na nkà ihe ọmụma direction. Ònye ka ọ bụ? Leonid Maksimovich Leonov. Ya creativity bụ na achị na mnogoproblemno. O dere, sị banyere Ọdịdị nke socialist otu, kwuru na ya chere banyere nke a, sharply kpọlite ndị nsogbu nke ndị mmadụ, "ala", otụk idem kediegwu oru, dị ka "kefriza ndị mmadụ".

Brief biography Leonida Maksimovicha Leonova. ndị dere na nwata

Ịmụ Leonid Maximovich Leonov-abịa ná njedebe nke XIX na narị afọ - May 19, 1899. The dere ya dịrị ndụ ogologo ndụ, ọ nwụrụ na August 8, 1994 na afọ 95 na afọ. Leonov e wee lie ya Novodevichy Ili Ozu.

Nwata Leonid ẹkenịmde ke Moscow. Nna ya - Maxim Leonov (nzukọ) bụ a na-ede uri na onwe-kụziiri, a so na "Surikov" musical-edemede gburugburu. N'onwe ya a nwa afọ nke Kaluga n'ógbè, n'obodo nta Polukhino.

Maxim Leonovich kere ya ebipụta ụlọ Moscow. Ihe nọ na-aga nke ọma, o meghere ya ụlọ ahịa na-bụ nwoke bara ọgaranya. Na alaeze ukwu ugboro Maxim Goremyka ugboro 17 prosecuted maka ịgbasa ha akwụkwọ, e mesịkwara chụgara Arkhangelsk, ebe o biri. Enye ama akpa ke 1929. Ya na ezinụlọ ya, ọ hapụrụ Moscow, na Leonid Maksimovic zụlitere na-enweghị nna. Ya isi abara bụ nna nna m Leon Leonovich Leonov. Ọ bụ ya na-kụnyere ịhụnanya nke nwa na-enweghị ime mmụọ na oge ochie akwụkwọ. Na afọ iri ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ Leonid Petrovsky-Myasnitskaya obodo akwụkwọ. O denyere aha na-amụ na-atọ Moscow mgbatị.

Arkhangelsk

Mgbe n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ, Leonov wee ezumike nna ya na Arkhangelsk, ebe ọ bụ nchịkọta akụkọ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ "Northern ụtụtụ." Na 1915 bịara n'akwụkwọ nke mbụ amaokwu Leonov Leonid Maksimovic. Ọzọkwa nna nyeere ya na-ebipụta dị iche iche edemede, na nkà na-eme ihe nkiri reviews. Ha bụ ndị ike nke na nna ya enweghị na-eme ihere nke samples nke pen nke nwa ya. N'ihi ya wee akpa edemede bụ onye ahụmahụ. Ya mbụ poems onye dere a na-akpọ "na mbụ sample olu, n'iji ya gee ntị na lyre," na ha bụ ndị n'ụzọ dị ukwuu imitative.

N'oge ọmụmụ ya na na-emega ahụ Leonid Maksimovich Leonov dere akụkọ "Valin nwa bebi", nakwa dị ka akụkọ ifo "King na Athos." Leonov gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na 1918 na a silver nrite na ozugbo wee Onyeisi Ndị Mmụọ Ozi na nna ya. E nwere ihe a na-eto eto dere arụ ọrụ na akwụkwọ ndị "na North ụbọchị", "Northern ụtụtụ." E na-ekekọtara mbụ maara na "na-ede uri nke ugwu" - Shergin dere, artist Pisahova. Ha nyeere emeghe ụwa nke nwa okorobịa Russian omenala, na icon Russ The Epic, akpatụbeghị na-amaghị nwoke na okike.

The ọrụ ke Red Army

Na Leonid mụọ maka a obere oge ndị University of Moscow, ihe niile ya na atụmatụ mebiri na Civil War. Biography nke oké edemede Leonid Leonov nwere data na a nwa okorobịa na 1920, n'afọ ofufo sonyeere Red Army na-eje ozi na Southern Front. Ọzụzụ na-ewe ke Atilari School, abuana ke agha, bụ a mmekorita na n'ihu, ọ rụrụ ọrụ agha akwụkwọ. Ọ ghọrọ odeakwụkwọ "Red Warrior" mbipụta. Military utu aha Leonov - Maxim Laptev, Lapot. Ọ demobilized na 1921, na malitere oké njọ ide.

na-aghọ a so dee

Back na Moscow, Leonid Maksimovich Leonov professionally aku ede akwụkwọ si ikpe. Ya mbụ ọrụ toro Maxim Gorky, onye mesiri ike talent nke-eto eto dere, na-atụghị a oké uru maka ya. Ụfọdụ chọpụtara na ọrụ Leonova ụfọdụ mkpakọrịta na Dostoevsky style na Gorky zaghachiri na Leonov na ọrụ na-adịghị ndị "mkpu nke merụọ," ka Fyodor Mikhailovich.

Leonid Maksimovich Leonov, onye poems e bipụtara ya-eto eto, a bịara kpọrọ aku prose. Ya akụkọ "Buryga" E bipụtara ya na 1922, a collection of akụkọ ndị dị mkpirikpi e bipụtara na 1923, ndị nchụàjà "The End of obere madu" na "Petushihinsky mgbaji ọkpụkpụ."

Nchụàjà "Badgers", "Ohi"

N'ihi nchụàjà "Badgers" (1924), onye dere Leonid Leonov Maksimovic e ụmụnna obi ụtọ ka a na-eto eto dere. The ọrụ raara nye nnupụisi nke ndị nkịtị, bụ ndị na-emegide ndị ọchịchị Soviet na n'oge 20-ies nke ikpeazụ nke narị afọ. The malite nke oru ugbo nnupụisi dere hụrụ bụghị nanị na repressive ụzọ nke ọchịchị nke ike, oké njuputa-appropriation usoro, ma na-na akụkọ ihe mere eme iro nke nkịtị ka bi n'obodo ukwu bi. Inwe anyaụfụ, n'ala nke ịbụ ọdachi, nke infects asị nke ìgwè mmadụ.

Images nke ndị mmadụ, m kere a ezi uche, na-agụ akụkọ na-kọwara na nkenke na psychological na nkà ihe ọmụma pụtara. Na akwụkwọ, na-ede akwụkwọ obi ọmịiko maka arụ ọrụ, bụ ndị kpuchie enweghị enyemaka tupu oké mgbanwe ná ndụ ha.

N'ọrụ ya "The Onye Ohi" (1927) Leonid Maksimovich Leonov kpughere ama dị ka a connoisseur nke mmadụ ọmụmụ. Tupu na ọ na-ẹwụtde ke ọrụ nke ndị a ekpebi ọdịnihu, na "Onye Ohi" na-agwa onye na-agụ banyere mwute eke nke Mitya Vekshina. Kpụrụ kọmishọna, emewo echefuwo na a felon, ebe a dunyere ọdachi nke mba ahụ dum, ihe nkiri nke mkpụrụ obi na akọ na uche. N'oge anyị a, anyị nwere ike inwale na ngwaahịa bụ n'ezie, ugbu a anyị maara otú ize ndụ ike, nke ama aka "lumpen proletariat" da site na ya n'elu. "Ohi" e kpughere n'oge ahụ niile ins na outs nke unflattering arbiters nke oge.

Ọrụ nke 30s

Nchụàjà "Sot" (1930) ghọrọ ndị mbụ ngwaahịa nke Soviet, ebe ebube ọrụ heroism nke Soviet ndị mmadụ, e toro na-ewu nke socialism na mgbanwe nke ntị chiri na ala ịta ahịhịa nke ulo oru emmepe. Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ "Skutarevsky" na "Road na Ocean" na-egosi na nka ọmụmụ ike nhazigharị echiche nke ụwa nke ochie intelligentsia, ndị kpebiri na-akụkụ na imu nke mebiri. Ebe a na ọ na-e sere a nkọ klas mgba bụ na a ebe obibi. "Road na Ocean" na-akọwa eke nke Kọmunist - nhazi, ọkà ihe ọmụma, onye ndú na-enye ihe niile nke ya onwe ya n'ihi-ewu ọchịchị Kọmunist.

ejije

Ke mbubreyo 30 nakwa ná mmalite 40-ies Leonov na-arụ ọrụ ndị ọzọ dị ka a na-ede. Ya ejije ke akwa ina. "Skutarevsky" (1934), "The Wolf", "Polovchanskie Gardens" (1938), "Ndị Nkịtị" (1941).

A okwu ole na ole m chọrọ ikwu banyere play "egbeeluigwe". Ọ enyene a ebe pụrụ iche na-arụ ọrụ Leonova na metụrụ nke na-akpali eziokwu si ndụ nke onye dere. Na-arụ ọrụ a na-ede akwụkwọ ka ịmepụtagharịa ikuku nke egwu na mistrust na ejidela na mba na 30s. Egwu egbeeluigwe snowstorm emebi ihe niile dị ya ụzọ ndụ, na ikike na-eme ihe. Ndị na-adị iche nke dike nke na oge a gbanwere n'ofè ude, kwagara na-anọchi anya a mma dike, na nwanne ya nwoke, na Soviet director - adịghị mma.

Na mbụ, ndị play setịpụrụ na a n'ógbè nkiri. Ma mgbe ahụ, ya iwu na-ebo ebubo "dị ka obi klevetnichestvo Soviet eziokwu." Leonov katọrọ na Politburo, na-ede akwụkwọ na-atụ egwu na ọ ga-ejide. Gbanwee ngwaahịa naanị na 1962.

War. The agha afọ

N'oge agha, Leonid Maximovich e kpọpụrụ na ndị ọzọ so dee na Chistopol. Ugboro ugboro ka mmekorita gaa n'ihu. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na "News" na "eziokwu." Ọrụ ya "Invasion" na mgbe "Lenushka" (1942-1943 gg.), Gosipụtara feat nke ndị mmadụ na-alụ ọgụ megide fasizim, iru uju nke ọnwụ na-emeri, obi ike na heroism. "Invasion" e ọdịda nke Stalin Nrite. Nti eziokwu: ego nile, na ọ bụ 100 puku rubles, Leonov inyefe ya n'aka Defense Fund. N'ihi na nke o natara na a dere okwu ịja mma site Stalin.

Leonid Maksimovich Leonov, a obere biography na-dị na nke a akwụkwọ, bụ a na-akwanyere ùgwù onye nke oge ya. E nwere mara nanị otu akụkụ nke ọrụ ya. Mgbe agha, ọ nọgidere na-ede, ịkpọlite ndị mbipụta nke ụbọchị. Ọ bụghị egwu na-ekwu okwu nke ada, ndị kulaks, ndị iro nke ndị mmadụ, na onye ọ bụla ọ na-agbalị ịchọta ihe njirimara, na-agbalị iru eziokwu. Ọ bụghị mgbe niile nke ọrụ ya, e bipụtara ihe ụfọdụ ọbụna iwu na Soviet Union. Ma n'ụzọ ụfọdụ fated dere ya na ntaramahụhụ n'ihi obi ike ya creativity, na ọbụna ọ bụ uru arịba ama na ugboro ugboro ọdịda dị iche iche ọchịchị kwuo, bụ a na-ewu ewu na a maara nke ọma na onye na nke dị gburugburu ụbụrụ na-aghọ.

Ya isi ọrụ "Pyramid" bipụtara so dee emechaghi obere oge tupu ọnwụ ya, ọ nọ na-arụ ọrụ na nke a mpempe maka 45 afọ. Ọ Leonov chịkọtara dum ezi uche akwụkwọ nke ikpeazụ nke narị afọ, ndị jikọtara uru na akụkọ ifo, juxtaposed na-agaghị ekwe omume na o kwere omume, na chịkọtara ya nile creativity.