Yoshkar-ola: nkiri, foto na reviews

"Red City" - ya mere sụgharịta aha Mari Mari El isi obodo. All ndị nwere ohere na-abịa ebe a na-adịbeghị anya, zochighịkwa anya na echiche mere ha Yoshkar-ola. Adọrọ Mmasị ebe a bụ n'ezie ndị ọhụrụ, ọtụtụ n'ime ha nwere pụtara na nso nso.

site n'oge gara aga

History of Yoshkar-ola malitere na na anya oge mgbe Mari ala weghaara ka Russia e merisịrị nke Kazan Khanate agha Ivana Groznogo ke ufọt ufọt 16 na narị afọ. Tsarev obodo na osimiri Kokshaga ma ọ bụ Tsarevokokshaisk, mbụ e kwuru banyere ihe emere n'ubọchi na 1584, ọ bụ ezie boro nke ọkà mmụta ihe ochie, na Mesolithic ndị mmadụ na-ama mmadụ bi n'ala.

City malitere a wusiri ike wuru iji chebe ala na rụrụ nanị agha ọrụ. Jisiri wusiri ike gọvanọ, na onye aka ghọrọ bụghị naanị a agha ma na-ndutịm, gbasara ego obodo na ikpe ọchịchị. Nke nta nke nta na ọ malitere ịpụta ahịa, ndị ọrụ nkà, nkịtị, ndị na-adịghị na-emekarị biri n'obodo ma nwere ala gburugburu ya. Nke a bụ otú ndị townsmen, ógbè na obodo nta.

oge anyị

Modern Yoshkar-ola kpụrụ na oge site na 1941 ruo 1990 na-aga n'ihu ga-ewu taa. Karịsịa gbanwere ọdịdị ya n'elu ikpeazụ 10 afọ, mgbe "Capital" nke usoro ihe omume e mma site n'obodo.

Emelitere obodo na a ọgaranya gara aga na a isi center omenala nke Finno-Ugric iche iche - a na-egosi na anyị oge a Yoshkar-ola. Adọrọ Mmasị na-n'aka-hụrụ - bụ omenala, akụkọ ihe mere eme na ụkpụrụ ụlọ ncheta, egbukepụ dị iche iche oge nke mmepe nke obodo. Otu n'ime ndị a nnukwu ụlọ ochie, ụka, akụkọ ihe mere eme ụlọ, n'ámá, na ọtụtụ ihe ọkpụkpụ. Otu ihe dị mkpa ọrụ ke omenala ndụ nke bụ isi obodo nke Mari El-egwuri egwu nkiri na ngosi ihe mgbe ochie.

ekiri fim

Kemmeeme egwuregwu ndụ nke Yoshkar-ola adade niile kpochapụwo iche nke egwuregwu art.

Na 1968, dị ka a n'ihi na ntughari nke jikọtara Drama Ụlọ ihe nkiri. Mayorov-Shketan Music na Drama Ụlọ ihe nkiri e tọrọ ntọala. Na 1994 ọ e renamed. Ya mere, e Mari State Opera na Ballet Ụlọ ihe nkiri. Eric Sapaev, aha ya bụ Mari Soviet dere, edemede nke mba mbụ opera. Ndabere nke ya mejupụtara gụchara akwụkwọ nke choreographic ụlọ akwụkwọ na conservatories na Moscow, Leningrad, Kazan, Perm, Gorky. Ya mere na-eto eto ihe nkiri na mba Ịrụ ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ malitere na guzobere. On ya ogbo ya napụtara banyere 50 classic na dịkọrọ ndụ ọrụ nke balet, opera na operetta na nkà na ụmụ ejije. Taa, olu na-agụnye mba opera "Aldiar" E. Arkhipova, "Akpatyr" Sapaev, na balet "Forest akụkọ mgbe" dere A. Luppova. Mpako Ụlọ ihe nkiri - choreography: na balet "The Nutcracker" na "Swan Lake" site Tchaikovsky, "Romeo na Juliet" by Prokofiev, "Don Quixote" by Minkus. N'ime afọ 11 na-eme ihe nkiri nke mba ememme "Winter ehihie na abalị" na òkè nke opera na balet dancers si Russia, Italy, Japan, America. Na 2002, ha malitere imezu ụwa nanị ememme raara nye oké Ballerina Galina Ulanova. Ụlọ ihe nkiri nke ọma gagharịa bụghị naanị na Russia kamakwa ná mba ọzọ. Nke a bụ China, Arab Emirates, Germany, South Korea, Central America, Taiwan, Lebanon na mba ndị ọzọ. Taa, ihe nkiri enyene a ọhụrụ ụlọ, wuru bụghị otú ahụ ogologo oge gara aga maka ya. Site akwadebe ọ na-atụle ihe kasị mma na Volga mpaghara.

Mari National Drama Ụlọ ihe nkiri. Shketan, nke bụ ndị kasị ochie na mba, malitere ya akụkọ ihe mere eme na-amu amu nwetara na November 1919. Ebe ọ bụ na 1929, bụ ọkachamara omenala alụmdi, nke e mechara ghọrọ onye nke kasị mma na Russia. Ụlọ ihe nkiri na-ifịk ke ụwa nke ụlọ ihe nkiri ndụ, ma na-ha na mba amata. Of kwuo ọ na a ọdịda nke "Golden Palm" - na-agbata n'ọsọ nke Association of European ekiri fim.

Na isi obodo nke Mari El Ọmụmụ Russian Drama Ụlọ ihe nkiri aha mgbe G. Konstantinov, nke e hiwere na 1919. Na ya mmepe kpata ọtụtụ nduzi. The kasị mkpa bụ ihe bụ isi na director Grigory Konstantinov, bụ onye na-a ọnọdụ site na 1964 ka 1994. On ya ụzọ 1993 e kere ndị International Association of Russian ekiri fim, isi ụlọ ọrụ nke dị Yoshkar-ola. Na September 1994, ihe nkiri na aha ya bụ Konstantinov. On ogbo nke Russian Drama Ụlọ ihe nkiri ogbo arụmọrụ nke oge gboo na dịkọrọ ndụ ọrụ. N'etiti ndị kasị mma a pụrụ ịkpọ "Othello" site Shakespeare, "King Theodore Ioanovich" A. K. Tolstogo, "akwu nke grouse" Rozov, "Easy Money" by Ostrovsky, "Filistia" Gorky, "Akọ na Uche" Pavlova.

Na 1991 na Yoshkar-ola, na ndabere nke Russian Drama Ụlọ ihe nkiri aha mgbe Konstantinov, Mari Youth Ụlọ ihe nkiri e meghere. Ugbu a ọ bụ na olu nke 35 ejije dabeere na ọrụ nke mba, Russian na mba ọzọ ochie na oge a na ejije. N'ihi na ihe niile na oge na ogbo ya e nyere ihe karịrị 80 arụmọrụ maka ụmụaka na ndị okenye na Mari na Russian asụsụ. Troupe mgbe niile na-aga na tour gafee Russia na mba ndị ọzọ.

ngosi ihe mgbe ochie

History, omenala, omenala na ndụ nke Mari ndị mmadụ na-ekere ke ịnakọta nke ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na Yoshkar-ola iche iche ntụziaka.

Museum nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke obodo nke Yoshkar-ola bụ na ịnakọta nke mgbe ochie ihe, heraldry, ethnography, ọrụ nke ọma na etinyere art, foto. Ọ na-chọpụtara na abụọ-storey ụlọ nke red brik, nke e wuru na 1911 na obodo center. Ulo a, ugbu a kwuru, a akụkọ ihe mere eme na ụkpụrụ ụlọ ncheta nke mba uru, bụ ndị a ma ama ahịa n'ógbè osisi ahịa Chulkov. A mbụ ahịa si mansion mejupụtara a isi ụlọ, ihe outbuilding na nkume n'ọnụ ụzọ ámá, nke na-mma na Art nouveau ọcha. The na-adịgide adịgide ngosi ọnọde akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Yoshkar-ola si 1584 na 1917. Visitors ga-amụta banyere mmalite nke obodo-wusiri ike nke Tsarevo, banyere otú ọ e wuru, ya mmepe, ndụ na omenala nke ụmụ amaala, akara aka nke ndị a ma ama. Onye ọ bụla oge na e nwere thematic ngosi. Ugbu a, ndị Museum nke History nke obodo nke Yoshkar-ola ụtọ foto ngosi "City na oge." Na pụrụ iche foto ị pụrụ ịhụ ihe ndị Yoshkar-ola dị iche iche afọ nke ikpeazụ nke narị afọ. Nwa Oge ngosi egosipụta ndụ nke oge a obodo, ẹkenam ulo oru, n'okporo ámá akụkọ ihe mere eme, ihe ụmụ amaala, ọrụ ebere omume.

Applied Folk Arts Museum e meghere ka ọbịa na 1999, na a ụlọ kwuru a omenala nketa nke Republic of Mari El. Ulo a na-mere nke osisi na openwork n'ilu ọlu e wuru na narị afọ nke 20. Tupu mgbanwe ọchịchị, ọ na-ekesịpde site na obodo district kansul Lokhanov ngo. The ngosi nka awade ndiife crafts, akụkọ ihe mere eme na ndụ nke Mari ndị mmadụ. Total anakọtara banyere 250 ihe, gụnyere ethnographic akpọkwa, samples of ezi nkà na crafts. Ebe i nwere ike ịhụ omenala ekike na embroidery, wicker ngwá ụlọ, pịrị ladles, ngwá egwú, mere omenkà. Museum of Applied Folk Arts ahazi kwa afọ na-eme ememme na ngosi.

Na 1961, n'ihi ncheta nke mbụ Russian dere, bụ onye ghọrọ nchoputa nke mba ọkachamara music, e meghere ncheta ngosi nka JS Klyuchnikova-Palant. Ọ bụ nsogbu na a osisi n'ụlọ ebe onye dere nọrọ ikpeazụ afọ. The ngosi dị na atọ ụlọ na nke ịmepụtagharịa home chọọ nnọchiteanya nke n'ógbè ụbụrụ na-aghọ nke narị afọ nke 20. Ebe a na-echekwawo ezigbo ihe n'ụlọ, ngwá ụlọ, ihe odide na ihe ndị ọzọ Palant òtù ezinụlọ. The ngosi nka na akwado ngosi, music, ehihie na abalị, nkuzi, nzukọ na-arọ.

Art ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na ngosi

Museum of Fine Arts nke Republic of Mari El, bụ nke e guzobere na 1989, na-arụ ọrụ na ọtụtụ ntụziaka. Ọ na-emi odude ke a ụlọ wuru site atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ Vladimir Babenko na 1980. Na mgbakwunye na ọrụ nke Mari mma na nkà na etinyere art, ebe a na-anọchite anya Russian sere, ọkpụkpụ, ndịna, nakwa dị ka onye ọrụ nke Western ese na ụdị nka. The ngosi nka na akwado okwu ihu ọha, ebe ị nwere ike nweta nke ịmata ihe ndị mere art, na ụwa art omenala, akụkọ ihe mere eme, nkà Mari. Ya ego bụ puku karịa 7. Nchekwa nkeji. The ngosi nka egosiputa eserese Russian nka nke narị afọ nke 19 (Serov, Shishkin, Makovsky, Yegorov). Dọtara uche nke ọrụ nke dịkọrọ ndụ Finno-Ugric art na genre etnosimvolizma na ethnofuturism. Ndị a bụ foto nke Mari nka - A. Ivanova, S. Evdokimova, V. Bogolyubov, Ai Efimova. Na mgbakwunye na-adịgide adịgide ngosi na ngosi nka i nwere ike ịga na ngosi nke na-ahụ mgbe nile emelitere.

National Gallery of Art - nke a bụ isi ihe ngosi nke ebe isi obodo. Ọ e tọrọ ntọala na 2007 dị ka a n'alaka ụlọ ọrụ nke Museum nke Ọma Arts. The gallery na-emi odude na isi square nke Yoshkar-ola. Ọ nwere ihe ndị kasị oge a na akụrụngwa: ihu igwe na-achịkwa, video onyunyo na ọkụ na-alụ ọgụ, ọkụ pụrụ iche, nche mkpu, mobile exposition akụrụngwa. The gallery ẹkenịmde ifịk ngosi ọrụ. Visitors matakwuo na-arụ ọrụ nke Mari na Russian nka, visual nka mba nke Volga, nakwa dị ka ịnakọta nke Russian ngosi ihe mgbe ochie. E nwere ụwa-klas ngosi. Kemgbe ọtụtụ afọ, ndị gallery nke Mari El bi nwere ohere ịhụ ọrụ Edgara Dega, Dali, Ilya Glazunov, Nikas Safronov, Benua De Stetto. Na saịtị nke kasị exhibited collection rossiyskiyh ngosi ihe mgbe ochie: na Tretyakov Gallery, na Zlatoust ngwá agha ngosi nka, na Amber Museum (Kaliningrad). Ihe ịga nke ọma ndidi na-esonụ ngosi:

• "Laghachikwuru. Si Europe na Russia, "Benua De Stetto.
• "Ihu nke Time" - banyere omenala nke Mari mpaghara.
• Personal ngosi nke artist Nikas Safronov.
• Photo ngosi "Private Collection" E. Christmas.
• "Gold nke Baltic Oké Osimiri" - si collection nke Amber Museum na Kaliningrad.

Mgbe mmalite na gallery nke mebere alaka nke State Russian Museum bi Yoshkar-ola bụ n'ụlọ ka ịmara ndị masterpieces nke ezi nkà nke kasị ngosi ihe mgbe ochie nke dị n'ebe ugwu isi obodo.

Historical na ụkpụrụ ụlọ ncheta

Akpọkwa akụkọ ihe mere eme, ụkpụrụ ụlọ na omenala uru bụ, dị ka a na-achị, na akụkọ ihe mere eme ebe nke obodo. N'ụzọ dị mwute, Yoshkar-ola nọgidere obere tupu revolutionary ụlọ. Otu n'ime ndị a na-azụ ahịa ụlọ:

• Chulkova ụlọ (mbubreyo narị afọ nke 19), nke ụlọ ndị Museum nke History of obodo Yoshkar-ola.
• Manor ahịa Pchelina (narị afọ nke 18).
• House Karelin (ufọt ufọt narị afọ nke 18).
• House Bulygin (ufọt ufọt narị afọ nke 19).
• Naumova ụlọ ji achọ carvings na osisi ụlọ (19-20th narị afọ). Nke a bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị mma ochie ụlọ ke obio.

ụlọ arụsị

Dị mwute ikwu na, fọrọ nke nta niile ụka nke narị afọ nke 18, e kpamkpam ma ọ bụ na-ezughị ezu ebibi Soviet oge. Taa obodo nwere ụka, nke e reconstructed ma ọ bụ wughachi. N'etiti ha:

• Trinity Church bụ nke mbụ ụlọ nke nkume na otu onye nke kasị ochie na obodo (1736). na-ewu ego e nyere site ahịa na oru ugbo Vishnyakov Osokin. Ọ bụ a omenala abụọ-storey ụlọ esịnede a nnukwu quadrangle na a refectory. Chetverik e kpuwere ya ise domes, na ala bụ St. Nicholas uka, multi-tiered mgbịrịgba elu guzo iche iche. Na 30-ies chọọchị na-emechi, na mgbịrịgba elu na n'elu EBIONITISM e bibiri. Ọ malitere ịgbake na a oru ngo ohuru na 1995 na dechara naanị na 2008. New ụlọ ẹnịm forms e ji mara nke chọọchị ije nke narị afọ nke 18. Ọ ghọrọ onye nke kasị mara mma ụlọ ke obio. The temple na jikọọ na mgbịrịgba site nke njiko, na ya pụrụ iche na udi surmounted site a n'elu ụlọ ise gold domes.
• Katidral nke Ascension e wuru na ahịa Pchelina na 1756. Ọ bụ octagon na quadrangle na a gallery, a nnukwu ụlọ iri na a free-guzo mgbịrịgba elu na tiers. The chọọchị na-emechi na 1937, e ikpe ebibi ma wughachi, mgbe ahụ, ọ chọpụtara a omume biya. Na 1992 na temple, laghachiri ka ndị kwere ekwe na rụzigharịa. Ebe ọ bụ na 1993, katidral nwere ọnọdụ nke a katidral.
• Katidral nke Mbilite n'Ọnwụ nke Christ na ndozi na Moscow Baroque style mbụ wuru na 1759. Ọ bụ odnosvetny quadrangle abụọ octagons, kpukpru usen n'obosara. Bell ụlọ elu dị na anọ tiers wuru na mbubreyo 18 na n'oge narị afọ nke 19. Refectory na ụlọ ekpere abụọ (Fedora Stratilata na Basil) e wuru na mbubreyo narị afọ nke 19. Na 1928, chọọchị na-emechi, na-elu octagonal mgbịrịgba elu ma bibie. Naanị na 1944, ụlọ, laghachiri ka ndị kwere ekwe, ma na 1961 katidral e mechiri ọzọ na-ebibi. Naanị na 2008 ọhụrụ ụka ewu malitere, nke kere ruo 2010. Emelitere Kazan Cathedral, e mere na Baroque style nke narị afọ nke 18, ọ nọ na-na-nsọ ke 2010.

• Church nke mwere nke agọzi Virgin Mary e hiwere na 2005 dị ka ihe Orthodox chọọchị. Style ụlọ, nso neo-Byzantine, e wuru na 2005-2006.
• Church of Anyị Lady of Tikhvin e wuru na 1774 (dị ka neoy, nke e nwere bụ a uka nke St. George (chekwaghị). The mgbịrịgba elu e odude n'elu refectory. The chọọchị na-emechi na 1929, mgbe nke ọ na-ikpe wughachiri. Laghachi kwere ekwe 90s na reconstructed. na ebe nke na-eli ozu ugbu a ogige.

ncheta

Yoshkar-ola, a otutu dị iche iche na saịtị megide nke ndị ọbịa n'anya ka photographed, na-eme ndị bi n'obodo. Otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị ama:

• Ọkpụkpụ "Tree nke Ndụ", emi odude ke Park nke Culture na Recreation, egosiputa mba agwa nke Mari mpaghara. Ncheta, dere ya artist Andrei Kovalchuk, e guzobere 2008. Na etiti nke mejupụtara e a osisi, na-anọchi anya ndụ na inwe nke ọgbọ na-emi odude gburugburu atọ egwú nke ọla kọpa, nke na-abụghị ọgbọ, mba ngwá na aka. Agadi nwoke na-arụ na nke ọjà, na nke ubọ-akwara mmadụ, a nwa okorobịa a drum. Atọ mita elu ncheta enyene ebe dị mma n'ime ogige, ebe ọ pụrụ ịhụ n'ụzọ doro anya n'ebe ọ bụla.
• Ncheta Obolensky-Nogotkov - nchoputa nke obodo, mbụ gọvanọ - atọrọ na eponymous square n'ihu ndị ọchịchị ụlọ. Six mita elu nke ncheta bụ ihe nnọchianya nke Yoshkar-ola na otu onye nke isi na-adọrọ mmasị. Prince Obolensky, Marigold na-e sere na ịnyịnya na na ogwe aka. The ncheta e kere site ọkpụ A. Kovalchuk osise na 2007.

• Na ebe nso n'ọdụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè Mari maara Soviet omee na ịtọ ọla ncheta. Yvan Kyrlya e sere ọdụ na a Trolley, dị ka ọ bụ na fim "Road to Life" ebe ọ na-egwuri ọrụ nke Mustafa - a ndú nke n'okporo ámá ụmụaka.
• A oyiri nke Tsar egbe ala mere na 2007. Nke a halving oyiri nke ama mbụ, nke nọ na-ajụ na ọla A. Chokhov na 1586. Mari egbe, nke ọnụ na ibu ibu nke nuclei bụ 12 tọn, e mere Zvenigovsky Plant. Butyakov. Dị ka nna ukwu, na ọ nwere ike igba. N'ihi nke a, na ọ na-welded gbọmgbọm isi.

ọhụrụ na-adọrọ mmasị

Ọtụtụ ndị na-idem oge a Yoshkar-ola. Adọrọ Mmasị e nwere ịrịba, ọbụna iju.

Otu n'ime ha - a ncheta nke a hama, nke a na ike na 2008, na uzo warawara n'ihu ụlọ ọrụ nke ndị na-ewu ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ. Anọ mita metal hama erikpu abụọ na ọkara tọn gbatara ke ala ntu. Chepụtara echiche - na president nke ndị na-ewu ụlọ ọrụ - kpebiri otú dịgide ọrụ nke na-arụ ọrụ na-akwụ ha n'ifè-òfùfè. A obere ka e mesịrị, na-esote a hama na a ncheta nke ọrụ na a na-ewu uwe na a brick n'aka ya.

Tupu ha abanye otu ụlọ ahụ, na-adịghị anya ihe oyiyi na a hama, e nwere ndị ka abụọ mbụ na-adọrọ mmasị - acha anụnụ anụnụ elephant elu nke 1.5 mita na a nnukwu oche.

Oddly ezu e nwere a ọla ọkpụkpụ na etiti obodo nso isi mahadum ụlọ. Nke a ncheta Yoshkinu cat, nke e guzobere na 2011. Ihe ndị mejupụtara - na C. A. Shirnin Yandubaev, kpụrụ ọkpụkpụ Kazan, n'aka Moscow na-azụ ahịa. Na 2013, na nso nso Yoshkinogo cat, lounging na a bench, a ncheta Yoshkinoy cat, echichi nke nke raara nye nchọpụta nke eponymous cafes.

The ọhụrụ ije nke isi obodo

Kemgbe afọ ole na ole, obodo ahụ dị n'ile agbanweela nnọọ. ndị na-ewu a rụrụ ebe a, n'ókè nke na-ebu. Kpọmkwem n'ihu ụlọ elu dị iche iche European ụkpụrụ ụlọ ekwekọghị. New n'okporo ámá nakwa n'ámá na ịtụnanya ụlọ iyi egwu, toy na obere reminiscent nke mma.

Pụrụ iche nlegharị anya, o doro anya na, na-agụnye Bryggen, nke aha ya bụ mgbe obodo na Belgium. Mgbe ị na-n'okporo ámá, m nwere ike na-eche na ọ bụ na a European obodo nke Bruges. Ebe ugbommiri na-ekedo kpamkpam wuru ụlọ Flemish style, ahụkarị nke ochie Flanders. Karịsịa mara mma ebe a n'abalị mgbe yi ọkụ.

Ọbịa mara na Yoshkar-ola ọkọnọ grandiose na anya, na-atụgharị si center na-agwụ ike Soviet obodo kwụụrụ na ihe na-akpali obodo ebe ị chọrọ ka na-aga azụ. Ọtụtụ kwupụtara echiche na ije dị controversial, ma eziokwu na ọ bụ ihe ọhụrụ, echefu echefu, nke oma, fọrọ nke nta niile na-ekweta.

A pụrụ iche na anya maka ndị njem nleta bụ Annunciation ụlọ elu nke elu chimes. Nke a bụ a obere oyiri nke Spasskaya Tower na Moscow. Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ọbịa dị nnọọ adaba a stupor mgbe mberede na-anụ a CHIME, nke bụ kpọmkwem otu dị ka Russian isi obodo.

N'agbanyeghị eziokwu na bụ kọmpat Yoshkar-ola, ya na-adọrọ mmasị bụ iche iche na ọtụtụ. Onye ọ bụla ịga nke a magburu onwe obodo dị ebube omenala, ga-abụ ihe na-echeta na ihe a na-agwa ndị enyi gị.