Zener - ihe bụ nke a na ihe ọ bụ n'ihi na?

Zener - diode bụ a okporo ọkụ na pụrụ iche Njirimara. Ọ bụrụ na ihe ndị nkịtị okporo ọkụ mgbe agbara Nsonye bụ insulator, ọ rụrụ ọrụ a ruo mgbe a ụfọdụ ibu nke etinyere voltaji, whereupon reversible nnukwu mmebi emee. Na efen mmụba na eruba site zener diode reverse voltaji anọgide mgbe niile n'ihi na proportional ọnụ nke ndị na-eguzogide. N'ụzọ dị otú a ga-ekwe omume iji nweta ihe stabilization mode.

Mgbe emechi, na zener mbụ na-aga a obere ugbu a leakage. Mmewere na-akpa àgwà dị ka a resistor onye na-eguzogide uru bụ nnukwu. Na mmebi nke zener eguzogide aghọ negligible. Ọ bụrụ na n'ihu-anọgide na-eweli input voltaji, mmewere amalite ọkụ elu na mgbe ugbu a karịa ndị ime uru nke irreversible thermal runaway. Ọ bụrụ na ọ na-adịghị ada ka ya, a mgbanwe nke voltaji si efu na elu ịgba nke zener wọkspeesi Njirimara na-edebe.

Mgbe ozugbo Switched zener diode e ji mara na-adịghị si dị iche na diode. Mgbe ejikọrọ na p-plus region na mwepu - ka n-region nke mgbanwe ndị na-eguzogide bụ obere na nke ugbu a na-aga site na ya kpam kpam. Ọ enwekwu na input voltaji.

Zener - a pụrụ iche diode, ejikọrọ ukwuu n'ime azu azu. First mmewere bụ na mechiri emechi ala. Mgbe ihe electric mmebi zener voltaji na-nọ mgbe nile na a nnukwu ugbu a nso.

Na-ọnọ na anode ọjọọ na cathode - gbakwunyere. Beyond stabilization (mgbe 2 n'okpuru) na overheat enwekwu puru nke cell ọdịda.

e ji mara

zener diode parameters ndị dị ka ndị:

• U _v - stabilization voltaji na elu ọnụ ugbu a m na _v;
• _{Nkeji edemede} m _Min - kacha nta mmebi eletrik amalite;
• M _{st max} - kacha ime ugbu a;
• TKN - okpomọkụ ọnụọgụ.

N'adịghị ka ot diode, na zener diode - a okporo ọkụ ngwaọrụ, na nke ugbu a-voltaji e ji mara nke ubi nke eletriki na thermal mmebi na-dị nnọọ ezu ọ bụla ọzọ.

Na a kacha allowable ugbu a nke yiri kwa, mgbe mgbe, e nyere na tebụl - ike dissipation:

P _max = m _max ∙ U _{v v.}

Aṅụrụma na okpomọkụ nke ime ihe nke zener diode nwere ike a TKN ebughi. The zipụta ha n'usoro njikọ ọcha na dị iche iche ihe ịrịba ama maka ọnụọgụ bụ nkenke zener bụghị dabere na kpo oku ma ọ bụ jụrụ.

nke circuit

A na-ahụkarị esereese nke a dị mfe stabilizer, esịnede a dị arọ eguzogide R _b na zener diode shunt ibu.

N'oge ụfọdụ, e nwere ihe ịda iwu nke stabilization.

1. Stabilizer infeed nnukwu voltaji si a ike isi iyi na ọnụnọ nke mmepụta nyo capacitor. Inrush ugbu a mgbe odori nwere ike ime ka ọdịda nke zener diode ma ọ bụ mbibi nke resistor R _b.
2. ibu ịwụfu. Mgbe etinyere kacha input voltaji nke zener diode ugbu a nwere ike gafere allowable na-eduga ná mbibi ya na kpo oku. Ọ dị mkpa ime na paspọtụ mma ọrụ ebe.
3. Ndị na-eguzogide R _b họrọ obere, nke mere na mgbe ndị kasị ala-ekwe omume uru nke ọkọnọ voltaji na kacha allowable ibu ugbu a na zener diode bụ na-arụ ọrụ iwu mpaghara.

Iji kpuchido stabilizer eji thyristor nchedo sekit ma ọ bụ fuuz.

Resistor R _b na gbakọọ site usoro:

R _b = (U _olulu - U _SG) (m _v + m _n).

Zener ugbu a m na _v a họọrọ n'agbata anabata kacha na kacha nta ụkpụrụ, dabere na input voltaji U _olulu na ibu ugbu a na m _n.

Oke nke zener

The ọcha nwere nnukwu mgbanwe na voltaji stabilization. Iji nweta ezi ihe uru nke U _n, Zener diodes na-ahọrọ si na otu ogbe. E nwere ụdị ya na a warara iche nke parameters. Na elu ike dissipation ọcha n'elu radiators.

mkpa input data maka na ngụkọta oge nke afọ nke zener diode ka ihe atụ, dị ka ndị a:

• U _{Ọnụ Ọgụ} = 12-15 - input voltaji;
• U _v = 9 - Nọsi'ike voltaji;
• R _n = 50-100 MA - ibu.

Kwa njirimara ngwaọrụ na ala ike oriri.

N'ihi na a kacha nta input voltaji nke 12 V, na nke ugbu a na kacha ibu bụ họọrọ - 100 MA. Dị ka Ohm iwu pụrụ ịchọta a ngụkọta arọ nke yinye:

R _Σ = 12 V / 0,1 A = 120 ohms.

Zener voltaji dobe bụ 9 V. Na ugbu a nke 0.1 A dummy ibu:

R _Eq = 9 V / 0,1 A = 90 ohms.

Ugbu a ọ bụ ike ikpebi na-eguzogide ndị dị arọ:

R _B = 120 ohms - 90 ohms = 30 ohms.

Ọ na-ahọrọ si a ọkọlọtọ nso ebe uru ekwekọ n'àgwà nke ndị gbakọọ uru.

The kacha ugbu a site na zener diode kpebisiri ike site ewere n'ime akaụntụ ibu disconnection, na ọ bụghị nke iji, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụla unsolder waya. The voltaji dobe gafee resistor ga-abụ:

U _R = 15 - 9 = 6 V.

Ọzọ, nke ugbu a site resistor:

M _R = 6/30 = 0,2 A.

Ebe ọ bụ na zener diode jikọọ na usoro ka ya, m _C = m _r = 0,2 A.

ike dissipation ga-P = 0,2 ∙ 9 = 1.8 watts.

Dị ka nwetara parameters họọrọ a kwesịrị ekwesị zener D815V.

symmetrical zener

A diac bụ a ịmafe ngwaọrụ, a conductive nwetụ ugbu a. A atụmatụ nke ọrụ ya bụ idebe ihe voltaji ka ọtụtụ volts mgbe esịne ke nso nke 30-50 V. Ọ nwere ike na-anọchi abụọ oppositely ot zener gụnyere. Na ngwaọrụ na-eji dị ka ịmafe ọcha.

analogue zener

Mgbe i nwere ike ịhụ a kwesịrị ekwesị mmewere, eji ntụnyere a zener diode transistors. Ha uru bụ ekwe omume nke voltaji iwu. Nke a nwere ike ide DC amplifiers na otutu nkebi.

Mgbe input voltaji divider guzosie trimming resistor R1. Ọ bụrụ na ndenye voltaji enwekwu, na ndabere nke transistor VT1 na-amụba. A na-enwekwu ndị na ugbu a site na transistor VT2, nke ụgwọ maka voltaji abawanye, si otú ịnọgide na-enwe ya anụ mmepụta.

marking Zener

Dị na iko zener diodes na Zener diodes na a plastic ụlọ. Ke akpa idaha ha na-etinyere na na ọnụ ọgụgụ 2, n'etiti nke akwụkwọ ozi V. Title 9V1 na-egosi na U _v = 9,1 V.

Na plastic ụlọ e dere na-kọwara na iji datasheet, ebe ị pụkwara ịhụ ndị ọzọ nhọrọ.

Dark mgbanaka ahụ gosiri site na cathode, nke na-ejikọrọ a gbakwunyere.

ọgwụgwụ

Zener - diode ya pụrụ iche Njirimara. The uru bụ elu Zener voltaji eme a dum na-arụ ọrụ dịgasị iche iche nke ugbu a mgbanwe, dị ka nke ọma dị ka ndị dị mfe njikọ atụmatụ. Iji nụ ala voltaji ngwaọrụ gụnyere a na-atụ direction, ha na-amalite na-arụ ọrụ dị ka nkịtị diodes.