Adọrọ Mmasị Ancient Greece. History of Ancient Greece

N'ịbụ nke oge a na European mmepeanya na-ezi na-ewere ndị Ancient Greece. Steeti a nwere a nnọọ mmetụta na mmepe nke ọtụtụ ebe nke ndụ mmadụ - sayensị, nkà mmụta ọgwụ, na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, nkà na nkà ihe ọmụma. Ụfọdụ Gris oge ochie ncheta na-echekwawo ruo ugbu a. Ọ bụ banyere ha na banyere akụkọ ihe mere eme nke otu ugboro-uku otua ga-atụle n'isiokwu a.

Ancient Greece na ya akụkọ uru

N'okpuru Ancient Greece akụkọ ihe mere eme na-aghọta ka ozuzu oke nke mepere anya, nke e kere dị ka mmadụ 3,000 afọ, si atọ na narị afọ iri BC na m na narị afọ AD. The nnọọ echiche nke "Ancient Greece" n'ókèala nke oge a na steeti a na-adịghị mee ihe. Ná mba a, nke a civilizational guzobere akpọ Hellas, na ndị bi n'ime ya - Hellenes.

Description of Ancient Greece ga-amalite na ya mkpa na ọrụ ke akụkọ ihe mere eme mmepe nke Western mmepeanya. Ya mere, ezi akọ akụkọ ihe mere kwere na ọ bụ oge ochie Greece tọrọ ntọala nke European ochichi onye kwuo uche, na nkà ihe ọmụma, nkà na ije. The Greek obodo meriri Rome, ma n'otu oge biiri Alaeze Ukwu Rom na isi atụmatụ oge ochie omenala ndị Grik.

Ndị a feats nke oge ochie Greece - bụghị a ụwa na-ama mara mma myths na nchoputa ke sayensị na omenala, na nkà ihe ọmụma na uri, na nkà mmụta ọgwụ na ije. Ọ ga-kwuru na obodo ebe nke oge ochie Greece anaghị adaba na ókè nke oge a na steeti. Nke a na okwu akụkọ ihe mere eme na-na-agụnye expanses nke mba ndị ọzọ na mpaghara: Turkey, Cyprus, Crimea na ọbụna Caucasus. Ncheta nke oge ochie Greece ọbọhọ niile ebe ndị a. Ke adianade do, Gris oge ochie mmezi (ógbè) e ozugbo gbasasịa tinyere n'igbere mmiri na Mediterranean, ndị Black na Azov n'oké osimiri.

Geography na map nke Ancient Greece

Hellas abụghị otu, monolithic ala-akụziri. On ntọala ya e guzobere karịa a iri na abuo iche iche obodo (kasị ama nke ha - Athens, Sparta, Piraeus, Samos, Corinth). All na-ekwu, na Gris oge ochie bụ na-akpọ "atumatu" (na ndị ọzọ okwu, obodo), na n'akụkụ ala. Onye ọ bụla eme nwere ya iwu.

The Central isi nke Ancient Greece bụ a Balkan dịịrị banye na mmiri, ma ọ bụ kama, ya ndịda, n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ n'ọnụ nke Asia Minor, nakwa dị ka a plurality nke agwaetiti na mpaghara a. Ancient Greece ẹkewetde nke atọ akụkụ: Northern Greece, Central Greece na Peloponnese. Na n'ebe ugwu nke ala n'ókè na Macedonia na Illyria.

Historical Map of Ancient Greece na-dị n'okpuru.

Ọnọdụ in Ancient Greece (atumatu)

Olee otú ndị obodo na Gris oge ochie?

Anyị enweghị ike ikwu na ha nwere a chic na dara oké ọnụ anya, dị ka bụ otú mgbe amasị-atụ foto. N'ezie - nke a bụ a akụkọ ifo. Mara na meere okomoko na Greek obodo pụtara naanị isi ụlọ ọha, ma ụlọ na nke nkịtị dị nnọọ umeala.

N'ụlọ ndị mmadụ na e napụ ọ bụla obi. Historians kwere na ndị Grik oge ochie ọbụna na-ehi n'èzí, n'okpuru owuwu ụzọ mbata. mepere emepe n'okporo ámá netwọk kemgbe akpachapụghị anya na ọrịa na-turu ime: a akụkụ buru ibu nke ha wee ghara ịda ìhè anyanwụ.

Ọnọdụ kasị njọ bụ na Athens, nke ọtụtụ ndị njem nke oge okwu anya. O sina dị, nkasi obi na-emecha penetrated n'ime ụlọ obibi nke ndị nkịtị Grik. Ya mere, a mgbanwe ke mepere emepe mmepe na atụmatụ nke n'okporo ámá n'oge mere Hippodamus-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ nke Miletus. Ọ bụ ya na onye mbụ dọọrọ uche gaa na ọnọdụ nke ụlọ na obodo na-agbalị iru ha na otu akara.

Architectural akara nke oge ochie Greece

Ugbu a ọ dị mkpa ka ha biri na ihe ọzọ dị mkpa nke: na Gris oge ochie hapụrụ anyị, na okwu nke ihe onwunwe ncheta?

Adọrọ Mmasị Ancient Greece - ụlọ arụsị, amphitheatres, foduru nke ụlọ ọha - e chekwara na ọtụtụ mba Europe. Ma ọtụtụ n'ime ha, N'ezie, na ókèala nke oge a ala nke otu aha.

Ihe kacha mkpa ncheta nke oge ochie ihe onwunwe omenala bụ oge ochie Greek temple. Ka ha na-wuru ofụri Hellas, n'ihi na e chere na chi-ebi nime ha onwe ha. Ndị a ụwa na-ama nlegharị anya nke oge ochie Greece guzo imegide ndabere nke ndị ọzọ ihe ncheta nke oge ochie Greece - na remnants nke Greek Acropolis na ndị ọzọ oge ochie mkpọmkpọ ebe.

Parthenon

Ikekwe, ihe kasị ama ncheta nke Gris oge ochie ije bụ Parthenon temple. Ọ e wuru na 432 BC na Athens, na taa bụ ndị a kasị mara njem nleta nnọchianya nke oge a na Greece. Ọ maara na ndị na-ewu a dị ebube Doric temple edu architects na Callicrates Iktinos, na ọ e wuru na nsọpụrụ nke chi nwanyị bụ Athena - na-echebe ndị na na n'Atens Acropolis.

Tupu oge anyị na-nnọọ nke ọma chekwara akụkụ nke Parthenon na iri ise ogidi. Na etiti nke temple ị pụrụ ịhụ a oyiri nke ọkpụkpụ nke Athena, mere n'oge ọdụ na gold site Phidias - a maara nke ọma Greek-ese na ọkpụ ihe.

Freese Central facade lavishly mma na dị iche iche ihe oyiyi, na pediments nke temple - magburu onwe ya ọkpụkpụ.

temple nke Hera

Ihe odide kasị ochie afọ temple nke oge ochie Greece bụ ụlọ nsọ nke chi nwanyị bụ Hera. Ọkachamara na-ekwu na ọ e wuru na narị afọ nke isii BC. N'ụzọ dị mwute, ụlọ chebe dị ka ndị Parthenon na mmalite nke narị afọ nke anọ ya idiọk mebiri emebi site na ala ọma jijiji.

Temple nke Hera emi odude ke Olympia. Dị ka akụkọ mgbe ochie, ọ e gosiri bi Elis Olympians. Foundation ogbo, nakwa dị ka a ole na ole fọdụrụ na ogidi - niile na-anọgide nke grandiose ewu ka ụbọchị. Otu nwere ike na-were ihe o lere anya dị ka ndị oge ochie.

N'oge ahụ, ụlọ nsọ Hera e mma na a akpụrụ akpụ nke Hermes. Taa ọkpụkpụ na-nọ na Archaeological Museum nke Olympia. Ọ maara na oge ochie Ndị Rom ji Hera temple na Olympia dị ka ebe nsọ. Taa ebe a bụ ma ama bụ isi ihe eziokwu ahụ bụ na Olympic ire ọkụ na-udo na eve nke ọzọ Olimpik.

temple nke Poseidon

Temple nke Poseidon, ma ọ bụ kama ya foduru na-emi odude na Cape Sounion. Ọ e wuru na 455 BC. Ọ ọbọhọ naanị 15 na ogidi, ma ha na-ekwu na-agbasi nke ịdị ebube nke ụlọ. Ọkà mmụta sayensị achọpụtala na na ebe nke ụlọ nsọ, ọbụna tupu ewu malitere, e nwere ugbua ọzọ ebe ofufe. Emetụgodị ha na-dere na VII narị afọ BC.

Ọ maara nke ọma na chi Poseidon na akụkọ ifo ndị Gris - bụ a nna ukwu nke oké osimiri na oké osimiri. Ya mere, ọ bụ mba ukem ini ndị Grik oge ochie họọrọ ebe maka owuwu nke ụlọ nsọ: na bluff anọ na n'Oké Osimiri Aegean. Site n'ụzọ, na ebe a King Aegeus wụpụ a nkpoda n'elu ugwu, mgbe ọ hụrụ na anya a ụgbọ mmiri nke nwa-ya Theseus na a nwa-akwọpụ.

Ná mmechi ...

Ancient Greece - ọ bụ a ezigbo onu na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke European mmepeanya, nke nwere a nnukwu mmetụta na mmepe nke European omenala, sayensị, nkà na ije. Nlegharị anya nke oge ochie Greece - bụ ọtụtụ ebube ụlọ arụsị, foduru nke Acropolis na ọmarịcha mkpọmkpọ ebe, nke na nnukwu quantities ọbọhọ. Taa ka ha na-adọta nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị njem nleta si gburugburu ụwa.