Aha fern umu. The aha nke akụkụ ahụ na owuwu nke a fern

Otu n'ime ndị mbụ osisi na mbara ụwa anyị bụ a fern. Ọ na-eto na okpomọkụ na oke ohia na boggy ebe. Ka ụbọchị, e nwere ihe karịrị 20,000 na umu nke a pụrụ iche osisi. Aha nke ferns na ha mebere atumatu, anyị na-enyocha ha n'ụzọ zuru ezu na a n'isiokwu a.

nkọwa

Site na iji nke ferns dịịrị ngalaba nke elu osisi. Ha nwere a conductive ákwà, nke na-enye umi na mmiri niile akụkụ. Osisi iso nke mgbọrọgwụ, na esiwe na-mepụtara epupụta. Okooko osisi na osisi ọ na-enweghị. Na ihe nkowa aha ozu ferns ga-atụlekwu banyere. Ndị a osisi nwere ike dị na ọ fọrọ nke nta n'akụkụ ọ bụla nke ụwa. Otú ọ dị, na iru mmiri okpomọkụ lekwasị ukwu ha di iche iche. Na size nke ndị a osisi na-ma nnọọ obere (a ole na ole sentimita), na nnọọ ogologo, dị ike (ruo 20 mita).

The aha nke akụkụ ahụ na owuwu nke a fern

Mgbọrọgwụ. Na nke a osisi na-ebutere. Nke a pụtara na mgbọrọgwụ na-fọrọ nke nta-mepụtara, kama, guzobere Ome na epupụta. The ị ga na-adị nnọọ iche iche, ma na esịtidem Ọdịdị na anya. Ụfọdụ ferns nwere ike na-akpụ akpụ ma ọ bụ na-arịgo, ma ihe kasị Ugboro kpọmkwem nkịtị. Si azuokokoosisi elu-agwụ pụtara nnukwu epupụta. Ha na-arụ ọrụ nke sporulation na fotositneza. Na underside nke epupụta chara n'onwe sporophylls. Na-ada n'ala, "nwaanyị" spores asiaha na prothallia nke bụ obi ekara obere efere. A, na dayameta nke bụghị ihe karịrị otu sentimita. N'elu na efere na-na-akpọ "nwaanyị" kenwe. Of nwoke spores kpụrụ mikrozarostki na nke na-eto spam. Ha na-ebu site na ifufe, na-ada osisi, ahịhịa, wdg Mgbe maturation nke shei na ya agbawa "nwoke" osisi na-na gburugburu ebe obibi. Na mmiri na spam abatakwa nwanyi zarostok. Ya mere e nwere ọhụrụ osisi. Na nke a obi-zarostok kpọnwụọ na-anwụ anwụ. Ụfọdụ ferns nwere ike propagated vegetatively. Na nke a, ndị ọhụrụ osisi na-guzobere na okenye epupụta dina n'ala. Ebe ọ bụ na ha na-mgbọrọgwụ na-eto eto oge na-aga. Na ferns cambium anọghị. Ọ bụ ya mere ha ike na uto na-ejedebeghị, na na stalk na-etolite na-enwe kwa afọ yiri mgbaaka. Ndị a bụ ndị pụrụ iche osisi - ferns.

Na ụdị na-aha

Ụfọdụ ndị a unit bụ oké ji achọ. Ọzọ ferns, photos na aha nke na-a kọwara n'isiokwu a, dị iche iche na-agwọ ọrịa Njirimara. Ma, ndị ọzọ - na-ekesa na culinary nkà (bracken, strausnik, osmundra aja aja). E nwere nsi osisi, dị ka Dryopteris. Ferns, dabere na ebe obibi, na-ekewa n'ime terrestrial na aquatic. E nwekwara ihe ọzọ nnukwu ìgwè - osisi.

Nephrolepis

The omumu nke a oke itunanya mara mma ime ụlọ osisi bụ ebe okpomọkụ America. O nwere a ogologo, curved aak vayami dara oké ọnụ wavy epupụta.

enyí nnụnụ fern

The aha a osisi natara ekele myirịta nke epupụta na udi nke enyí nnụnụ feathers. Ọ na-eto dị ná mpụga nke marshes, na keguru mmiri na oke ohia na floodplains. Fast ozuzu, osisi Nleta oké-ogwu. Ọ strausnik iji florists maka ùkwù na ifuru ndokwa.

nwaanyị-fern

Ọ na-eto na ndị isi awọ shaded ebe. Ọ nwere ike na-hụrụ na ndagwurugwu na oké ọhịa peatlands. Athyrium Nleta a tussock na marshland. Ya ike dissected epupụta nwere ìhè akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na agba. N'oge oyi, ha na-anwụ. The mgbọrọgwụ nke obere, ma oké ezu. N'oge opupu ihe ubi na-amalite na-eto eto ọhụrụ na-eto eto epupụta. Propagated osisi spores.

phlebodium ọlaedo

Nke a na osisi na-etolite na osisi, a na-mmasị ka ogwe "ụkwụ." Ọ na-akpụ akpụ rhizome na adụ aja aja-gold flakes, site na nke ịgbatị pinnate doo 1.5 mita ogologo.

bracken

The elu nke osisi nwere ike iru ihe karịrị 60 sentimita. Ọ na-adị fọrọ nke nta n'ebe nile, ọbụna na-akọrọ na ogbenye Ona. Fern nwere a ịgbasapụ ogologo ramified rhizome, nke apụ apụ otu odo epupụta. The mgbọrọgwụ nke a osisi nwere agwọ Njirimara na-eji ọgwụ na sayensị.

maidenhair

Na ndị mmadụ, a na osisi a na-akpọ "nwaanyị isi." Ọ nwere a nnọọ mkpa na ogologo (35 sentimita) nke a ìhè-green epupụta mere ndokwa na nwa gị kwuo. Maidenhair mmasị ele mmadụ anya n'ihu ndo. Ọ nwere ike toro na home ubi ma ọ bụ n'ụlọ.

Dryopteris

Na ọdịdị nke a osisi na-etolite ugwu n'etiti nkume ma ọ bụ na a Come n'oké ọhịa. Dị ka ọ pụrụ iru a dị elu nke 30 150 sentimita. Dryopteris nwere ike rhizome, nke apụ apụ epupụta na ogologo petioles akpụ ọkwá tinyekwa. Amalite osisi bụ nnọọ ngwa ngwa. Aha nke ferns mgbe ụfọdụ, n'ihi na ha ndu e ji mara. Ọ nwere ike kwuru banyere Dryopteris. Na underside nke epupụta nke osisi na-emi odude tụụrụ ozu kpuchie reniform sinkers ka ọta. Nke a na atụmatụ nyere aha nke fern. Osisi bụ egbu egbu. O sina dị, ọtụtụ ndị dọkịta na-eji ya maka mmepụta nke úkwù na-agwọ ọrịa potions.

ezinụlọ tsiateynye

Ọ na-agụnye ihe karịrị 600 ụdị osisi. Ndị a osisi ferns ekesa tumadi na iru mmiri nke ebe okpomọkụ zones. Osisi dị elu nwere ike iru ihe kariri iri mita. Kwụsie ike fern bụ omume n'ihi na oké plexus ike adventitious mgbọrọgwụ na-eme ka gbọmgbọm cover. Epupụta na-na-pinnate na nnọọ nnukwu. Ha ogologo pụrụ isii mita. Ufodi ferns (aha na foto na-n'ihu na peeji a) na ebe nke na-ekekọta nke agba na isi lamina nwere oval ngalaba nke pneumatic ákwà. Ha na-eji gas mgbanwe. Na ụfọdụ osisi, pneumatic ebe e nyere ihe karịrị otu mpempe akwụkwọ.

ezinụlọ tsibotievye

Epuo na tumadi na ọhịa nke Asia, Central America, Mexico, na South China na Hawaii. The nnọchiteanya nke ezinụlọ a nwere a ogologo azuokokoosisi. Doo - ugboro abụọ ma ọ bụ thrice pinnate. The n'elu nke gbọmgbọm kpuchie a echebe cover, esịnede a adụ ogologo ntutu. Young epupụta nke a osisi ike ga-eri.

Tirsopterisovye

Òtù ezinụlọ a - fern Thyrsopteris elegans etolite naanị n'àgwàetiti Juan Fernandez, emi odude ke Pacific Ocean nso South America. Ya elu bụ 1.5 mita.

Kultsitovye

Anọchi anya nnukwu ferns na a na-akpụ akpụ azuokokoosisi. Ogologo nke osisi, dị ka a na-achị, adịghị gafere 50 sentimita. Doo - 4, 5-pinnate obere (ruo 3 cm). Petioles bụ ìhè ma ọ bụ ọchịchịrị aja aja. The epupụta na-n'ụzọ zuru ezu gbapụ, epupụta ábụbà ìhè aja aja ma ọ bụ ọbara ọbara ntutu. The aha nke fern osisi nke ụdị na-esonụ: Culcita coniifolia (etolite n'ebe ugwu na na etiti nke South America) na C. macrocarpa (na Macaronesian floristic region). Ndị bi na nke a umu e nwayọọ nwayọọ adalata. Ọ bụ ya mere ụdị fern esịne ke ndepụta na-echebe osisi Portugal na Spain.

mmiri

Aha fern - Salvinia marsileya na - nwe a atọ ìgwè nke osisi kọwara anyị. Ha na-ebi nanị mmiri ozu.

Anọ Marsileya

Nke a bụ a obere perennial osisi nwere obosara klinkovidno-mechie epupụta. Sporokarpii 2-3 ihe na-isi nke petiole. Onye ọ bụla n'ime ha nwere a ogologo banyere 5 millimeters. Abụkarị Marsilea elu adịghị gafere iri abụọ sentimita. Otú ọ dị, sere n'elu petioles nke epupụta nwere ike iru 80 cm na rhizome - banyere 1 mita. Na-emekarị nke a ụdị fern eji maka decorating ponds.

Salvinia

Nke a na osisi bụ nke obere na-achọ nchebe. Ọtụtụ mgbe, Salvini toro kpọmkwem maka landscaping akwarium. The osisi nwere ike hụrụ na mmiri nke botanical gardens. Hibere, ọ na-adịghị amasị mbụ ferns. Esiwe Salvinia ogologo na mkpa (banyere 15 cm). The epupụta na-anakọtara na atọ. Ha abụọ bụ dum elliptical cordate. Nke atọ mpempe akwụkwọ - mmiri n'okpuru osimiri. Ọ na-kpuchie na ntutu na bee n'ime threadlike ibe, yiri mgbọrọgwụ. Nke a mpempe akwụkwọ na-amịkọrọ a nri na mmiri.

Indian

The aha nke ụdị nke ferns na-adịghị asịrị mara Fans nke akwarium osisi. Osisi na-eto eto na-ekpo n'ógbè nke ụwa. Ya ìhè green epupụta na-ebipụ ndị mara mma. N'okpuru mma ọnọdụ, ọdịnaya na ha nwere ike iru a elu nke 40-50 sentimita.

Thailand

N'ala nna osisi - na South-East Asia. Fern nwere a corrugated, isiike lanceolate epupụta, nke nwere ike iru iri atọ sentimita n'ịdị elu. Ha na-ofu aka ọchịchịrị green sturdy rhizomes.