Barberry Amur: ọkwa nkọwa na photos

Amur barberry - bụ a shrub nke ezinụlọ Berberidaceae, otu n'ime umu nke barberry. Ọ bụghị onye ọ bụla maara ihe bụ nke a osisi. The nkọwa na foto nke a barberry Amur ẹdude ke ibuotikọ emi.

Area nke nkesa

N'ime ọhịa, Amur barberry etolite na Primorsky Territory na ndịda nke Khabarovsk Territory, n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke China, Korea, nwere obere na Japan. The aha ahụ bụ n'ihi na nkọwa nke Amur River ndagwurugwu.

Ọ chọọkwanụ deciduous, obosara-leaved pine na cedar-fir oké ọhịa, oké ọhịa n'ọnụ, bịara n'ikperé mmiri nke ugwu osimiri, osimiri mpụga, osisi, akọrọ nkume na gravelly mkpọda. Nnọọ ụtọ nke humus-ọgaranya ala. Solid ulù nke barberry amụba.

The osisi ya onwe ya bụ a oyi-gbasiri, oké ọkọchị na-eguzogide ma na okpomọkụ na-eguzogide, ya mere, Gardeners ọma ịzụlite ya ofụri Russia.

Barberry Amur: nkọwa nke dịgasị iche iche

Barberry bụ subramose ogwu. Ya elu - 3.5 mita. Shrub na ogologo, ubé branched, kwem ma ribbed alaka na-ada ịgbanwe na agba site na odo na isi awọ.

Akụrụ si Amur barberry uhie ma ọ bụ aja aja na agba, a n'ogologo 1.5 mm, ostrenkie. The epupụta na-enịm ọzọ, akwukwo udi - elliptical ma ọ bụ obovate, mpempe akwụkwọ ogologo - 12 cm obosara - 5 cm webbed doo onwe ha, n'ọnụ -. Kolyuchezubchatye finely. Akwukwo agba dịgasị si Mat ìhè green na-acha odo odo, ọchịchịrị red. Epupụta na-eto eto na-akasị na obere Ome osisi rụzie.

The spines nke Amur barberry acha na-emekarị bụ tripartite, iru a ogologo nke 3 cm. One-afọ stool Ome-emekarị nwere 4-5 ma ọ bụ 7 iche iche spines cylindrical ma ọ bụ ewepụghị udi na thickened.

The inflorescences nwere racemiform ohia n'ogologo - ruo 10 cm, na inflorescence site 10 ruo 25 okooko osisi. Okooko osisi onwe ha na-kokwasịrị na ogologo okporo (banyere 1 cm), agba - icha mmirimmiri odo, ike esi ísì dị iche. Six sepals obovate. Petals na stamens na isi. Okooko shrub Amur barberry na May na June, oge nke okooko - ruo ụbọchị 20.

Tomato na barberry bụ dryish, ihe ellipsoidal udi, a ogologo banyere 1 cm, agba - na-egbuke egbuke red, utoojoo uto. Mkpụrụ ovoid ke udi, 4-5 mm n'ogologo. 1 n'arọ nwere banyere 6200 mkpụrụ. Time of fruiting shrub - August-October.

Iji ichikota nkọwa nke Amur barberry, anyị nwere ike ikwu na taa a na osisi bụ nnọọ ewu ewu. N'ihi mara mma udi shrub, nnukwu epupụta, ukwuu okooko na fruiting na-atụ aro maka ma otu na otu akuku, nakwa dị ka hedges.

billet

Amur Barberry a na-eji ọgwụ na nzube. Ubi epupụta, mkpụrụ osisi, n'ụgbụgbọ na mgbọrọgwụ nke osisi.

Akwukwo Gbute na-ewe ebe ke May na June, mgbe barberry blooms. Epupụta nwere ike ebipụ na mkpa ma ọ bụ a ezumike. Mgbe ahụ, ha na-Fikiere, na-ebikwasị na akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ na-akpa ákwà na a ventilated ebe (na n'uko ma ọ bụ n'okpuru kanopi). Mgbe epupụta na-mịrị amị, ha gbara ọchịchịrị akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ n'elu na ìhè akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ n'okpuru. Ha onwe ha bụ ndị na mkpa, kenkuwa, curled, na a peculiar isi na a ubé acidic uto. Adabara ịchekwa akọrọ, mma-ventilated ebe. Epupụta na-echekwara, na-emekarị 1-1.5 afọ.

mgbọrọgwụ Gbute na-ewe ebe na n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ (October-November) na spring (April). Ha kwesịrị igwu na a shọvel, tichapu n'ala, ebipụ obere mgbọrọgwụ, na akọrọ ikuku. Asa ha adịghị mkpa ịnọgide na-enwe ọgwụgwọ Njirimara. Mịrị mgbọrọgwụ ga-ebipụ site na 1.5-2 cm, na nkụ nke ọma. N'ihi na nke a kwesịrị ekwesị ka a wụsịrị ma ọ bụ n'uko na draya ma ọ bụ oven. Ọfọn mịrị amị na mgbọrọgwụ nwere longitudinal edoghi, n'ime a lemon-odo mputa - aja aja, na nta isi na a ilu uto.

Ofụri Esịt ohia mgbọrọgwụ usoro a na-adịghị eji, agbasaghị ahapụ stalk 10-15 cm. Oké mgbọrọgwụ (dayameta nke karịa 6 cm) na-eji naanị a obere ego nke n'ụgbụgbọ na isi.

The mịrị amị na mgbọrọgwụ na-juru n'ọnụ ke akpa ma echekwara ruo afọ 3.

n'ụgbụgbọ billet emee na mmiri (April-May), mgbe sap eruba amalite. Iji mee nke a, adabara na-eto eto alaka, nke na-notched gburugburu dayameta nke 10-15 cm, mgbe ahụ, bee lengthwise na-ewepụ ndị jikọrọ ọnụ. Ọ ga-ga-Fikiere dị ka mgbọrọgwụ. Mgbe Fikiere ogbugbo anya dị ka a tube na grooves ma ọ bụ osisi residues ke n'ime n'elu. The agba nke mịrị amị ogbugbo bụ acha awọ n'ime na isi awọ ma ọ bụ brownish-acha odo odo na n'èzí, na ala kpọmkwem isi na-elu ilu uto. Ọ nwere ike ịchekwa ruo afọ 3.

Anakọta mkpụrụ emee mgbe ha zuru maturation na mbubreyo n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ, ke ini akpa ntu oyi. Ihicha nwere ike ịbụ na anyanwụ, n'okpuru a kanopi ma ọ bụ na oven.

The chemical mejupụtara na pharmacological Njirimara

Barberry Amur ọgaranya alkaloids, berberine, palmitin et al. Bark na mgbọrọgwụ ọgaranya berberine, oksiakantinom, alkaloids, tanning, agba? Na resinous bekee.

Barberry mkpụrụ osisi ndị ọgaranya na shuga n'ókè, carotene, vitamin K, ascorbic, citric, tartaric, malic acid, alkaloids, tannin, pectin, agba? Bekee, ịnweta salts. The epupụta bara ọgaranya na tannins, resinous bekee, mkpa mmanụ, vitamin C, malic acid, carotene, filohinonom.

Na preparations barberry mkpali, choleretic, mamịrị, antibacterial, astringent, hemostatic na antiseptik Njirimara. Na-abata nke barberry berberine ebelata ọbara mgbali, usu ngwa ngwa tachycardia, dịkwuo eruba n'ime bile.

Amur barberry ọtụtụ-eji nkà mmụta ọgwụ. Ha na-emeso-adịghị ala ala ọrịa imeju na-elu ilu eriri afo, gastric ọnyá afọ na duodenal ọnyá, mbufụt nke elu akụkụ okuku ume na tract na ukwara nta. Na barberry gwọrọ afọ ọsịsa, ọnyụnyụ ọbara, ụkwara ume ọkụ. Tincture nke barberry kwụsị eriri akpa nwa na-agba ọbara na ọbara oge.

Akuku na Care

Amur barberry bụghị nanị banyere ala, bụghị egwu nke oké ifufe, anabata okochi, adịghị amasị mmiri naanị. Photophilous osisi, ma ga-eto nke ọma na ele mmadụ anya n'ihu ndo. Na nke a na e nwere nanị otu atụmatụ: ma ọ bụrụ na bushes na-eto eto na kpọmkwem ìhè anyanwụ, agba nke epupụta na-jupụta-acha odo odo; si bushes-eto eto na ele mmadụ anya n'ihu ndo, epupụta ga-adị ugbu a green.

Mgbe otu akuku anya n'etiti osisi kwesịrị ịbụ ihe dị 1,5-2 mita. Ime unu kpamkpam na-eto eto oke, kụrụ abụọ bushes nke barberry na 1 mita. Ọ bụrụ na ị chọrọ a na ok oke, ohia 4 ka 1 mita.

Osisi na-eto nke ọma na acidic na na a na-anọpụ iche n'ala, ọ bụ ezie na prefers na-anọpụ iche.

Ala ngwakọta na-akwadebe maka akuku nke ubi ala, humus na ájá ke hà n'ike-n'ike. Ọ bụrụ na ndị ala bụ ka gbara ụka, ọ na-atụ aro na-ebu liming.

Nri osisi nwere ike ịbụ na n'afọ nke abụọ mgbe akuku. N'oge opupu ihe ubi ọ na-eme na-enyemaka nke nitrogen nri. Mgbe ahụ mkpa ka ị na-eri nri 1 bụla 3 afọ nke mgbagwoju fatịlaịza na Chọpụta ọcha. Barberry mmiri 1 oge kwa izu. The osisi nakwa mmasị na-Ugboro weeding na hoeing.

Jide kwa afọ kwachaa barberry - wepu na-adịghị ike, agụghị oké mepụtara Ome. Spring ochie bushes na-achọsi ike ka mkpa si. N'ịkpụzi hedges, kwachaa a rụrụ n'afọ nke abụọ mgbe akuku, igbupụ na ihe dị ka ọkara nke keikuku akụkụ. Mgbe nke a kwachaa a rụrụ 2 ugboro a afọ: na June na August.

Ọrịa na pests

Amur Barberry na-emetụta ndị na-esonụ pests:

1. Barberry aphids - na epupụta akpọnwụ na-akpọ nkụ. Ọ na-enyere tufuo a ngwọta ncha (300 gr. Ncha ịwụ mmiri). Sprayed ke ini utọ.
2. Ifuru nla - a caterpillars taa mkpụrụ. Ọ na-enyere tufuo ya, "Decis" (0.05-0.01%) ma ọ bụ "trichlorfon" (0.1-0.3%).

Nke ọrịa nwere ike kwuru powdery mildew. Ọ na-egosipụta dị ka a powdery mkpuchi na epupụta, Ome na mkpụrụ osisi.

Tufuo ya na-enyere colloidal ngwọta nke sọlfọ (0,5%), sọlfọ-lime-sọlfọ ngwakọta ma ọ bụ wayo efere. First sprayed mgbe oge ntoju doo na mgbe ọ bụla 2-3 izu. Idiọk nje Ome ga-ewepụ ma kpọọ ya ọkụ.

Barberry nchara na klas a na-emetụta ihe na-erughị ọzọ di iche iche nke barberry.

Mgbasa na cultivation nke barberry Amur

Propagated osisi site nkerisi ohia, mgbọrọgwụ, cuttings na osisi. Na mbụ niile doro anya, tụlee Amur barberry na-eto eto na mkpụrụ.

Kụrụ osisi, agbasaghị ada. Freshly ẹmende tomato ka pịa, ifucha site sieve, itucha na ejighị ya kpọrọ akọrọ.

akuku onwe ya a rụrụ na tupu njikere n'ahịrị n'ahịrị na a omimi nke ọ bụla karịrị 1 cm nke ala maka na-eto eto Amur barberry kwesịrị rụrụ na tụụrụ, na ebe -. oghe, na-ọma-udo. Ná mmalite n'oge okpomọkụ, na osisi asiaha n'otu. Mgbe a ga-enwe abụọ ezigbo akwukwo, ndị seedlings mkpa mkpa si, na-ahapụ dị n'etiti ha a anya nke banyere 3 cm. Mgbe ahụ, ọ bụ mma ghara iji bufee seedlings, transplanting bụ kwere mee mgbe afọ abụọ.

iji barberry

Iji Amur barberry na achị. E wezụga ya ọgwụ Njirimara nke barberry bushes etolite hedges na curbs. Ndị a osisi ndị magburu onwe ọnọdụ nke etiti Russia. Oke nke ha na-impenetrable. Ha nwere ike mfe bee, na-eme ihe ọ bụla ụdị bushes. Barberry adabara soliternyh, na maka otu akuku, cultivation na nkume ubi na dị ka ala cover.

ụdị

The kasị ewu ewu na iche nke Amur barberry - bụ Orpheus na japonica.

Orpheus - a kọmpat bushes nke obere size. Ya na-egbuke egbuke epupụta na ọ dịghị oge ntoju.

Japonica nwere sara mbara epupụta na ogologo odo inflorescence, drooping n'ụdị a ahịhịa. N'ihi na osisi a dị nnọọ mara mma.