Carriers oge a France na Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ

Humanity bụ ike ike site na okike. Nke a wetara eziokwu na-egosi na ọtụtụ agha ndị site ndị mmadụ dị iche iche ihe. Ọbụna antiutopian ụwa Aldous Huxley, Orwell na Bradbury onye nwere ike isi na-enweghị ihe ike. O doro anya na, mfegharị na ngwá agha, na ụfọdụ ndị òtù nke mba Homo sapiens-ekwu onwe ha, na n'agbanyeghị ihe kpatara na steeti na-agha ahụ. The agha agaghị enweghị ngwá agha, na ya pụta na-adabere na ole ike ngwá ọrụ nke onye nke ọzọ na-agha. Dị ka ihe atụ, n'oge a na naval agha na-adighi ike na-enweghị ihe pụrụ iche ọgụ ship: ụgbọelu ụgbọelu.

Aircraft ụgbọelu:-aga n'ihu ụgbọ mmiri

Nke a bụ nnukwu ụgbọ mmiri, na-ebu a ibu ugbo elu: ụgbọelu ma ọ bụ helicopters. O nwere ike ịbụ na ruo ọtụtụ narị aviamashin. Ha bụ isi pụtara ìhè ike nke ụgbọelu. The oge mbụ dị otú a elu arịa pụtara na Agha Ụwa Mbụ, ma karịsịa, ndị ụzọ mụọ bụ na ha a tọghatara si ndị ọzọ ụdị ụgbọ mmiri. Ka ihe atụ, a ụgbọ mmiri ghọrọ a ugbo agha aha ya bụ "Birmingham". Na ya oche maka oge mbụ ụgbọelu anya. Ọ mere na a ịrịba omume na 1910, ọ bụ mmalite nke ụgbọelu dabeere ugbo elu. Na mbụ dị otú ahụ arịa eji maka nyoputa onyeiro, ma mgbe e mesịrị ghọtara mkpa nke ugbo elu dị ka a n'aka bombardment. Ná mmalite nke na-ewu nke ugbo elu na-ebu na-eji seaplanes, dị ka ụgbọ elu na-apụ nwere ike, na-anọdụ ala na oche - dịghị. N'ihi nke a seaplanes, nke ọma rutere na mmiri. Akụkọ na-aga na French ụgbọelu na-ebu na-alụ Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ dị ole: na-kpọmkwem, naanị otu, dị ka United States. The ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị ukwuu nke ndị dị otú arịa n'oge ahụ na United Alaeze (7 nkeji). Mgbe e mesịrị, ke imewe nke ugbo elu na-ebu America ịga nke ọma.

Dị otú ahụ ụgbọ mmiri na-ekewa n'ime ndị na-esonụ ọnọdụ:

• ụgbọelu na-ebu;
• shopping;
• ebu balloons;
• helikọpta ebu;
• gidroavianostsy;
• ikuku;
• mmiri n'okpuru osimiri.

Ke adianade do, dị iche vasatail, ujo na mgbochi. Dị ka ụdị nke ike, e nwere ot na atọm ụdị.

Main e ji mara ebu

Steel shells ebu nwere bukwanu ike, ebe ọ bụ na ha ọkpụrụkpụ esịmde ọtụtụ sentimita. Na ogologo nke ibu ụgbọ mmiri nwere ọtụtụ narị mita: njupụta àmà site 180 na 342. Draft arịa esịmde 12 mita omimi. oche obosara bụ nnọọ nnukwu, nke na-enye ụgbọelu na-ebu-agaghị echefu echefu image. N'okpuru ebe oche na-emi odude na nnukwu docks na hangars maka ugbo elu mmezi. The naanị ugwu na oche, a ụdị "agwaetiti" bụ iwu center, nke na-agụnye ịchọta usoro na mpi. Localize a center bụ na-emekarị n'akụkụ aka nri.

Flight oche - otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị mkpa mmiri nke ụgbọelu ụgbọelu. Ha na-atọ ụdị, otu onye nke na-adịghị na-eji. Ewepụghị oche, ihe atụ, nwere a maara nke ọma French ugbo elu ụgbọelu "Sharl De Goll". Redio nke ụdị na-eji maka kwụ na-ahụ-ya. N'ihi nke a, uzuoku catapult. Redio na rata arụnyere na ugbo ala, gụnyere ugbo elu na-akwụ ọtọ na-ahụ-ya. A mara mma dị otú ahụ oche na-aghọ òtù takeoff na ọdịda ibe.

Flight oche, gụnyere abụọ etoju, e ji mee ihe ruo mgbe 30s nke ikpeazụ nke narị afọ. Na imi nke ugbo elu na-ebu dị takeoff oche na elu - ọdịda. Ma ebe ọ bụ na atụmatụ a dị ize ndụ bụ maka ụgbọelu, ọ gbanwere, refitting ya, dị ka bụ omenala na ot ụgbọelu na-ebu.

Nti banyere Navy Refeyim

Uninitiated ga na-akpali iji chọpụta ebe ọ na-ebu-adịghị agwụ agwụ isi iyi nke ike na ọsọ. The ihe bụ na nuclear ike osisi, emi odude oge a ụgbọ mmiri, tinyere ụgbọelu na-ebu nke France, na-enye na-akparaghị ókè nso nke ije nke ụgbọ mmiri. Ke adianade do, n'ihi na nuclear echichi ụgbọelu bụ ike iji na-akwado a kacha kama a cruising ọsọ maka izu.

Ọzọkwa eziokwu a dị mkpa, dị ka a pụrụ isi chọta nke runway. Ọ na-emi odude na na n'akuku nke 9⁰. Nke a na-emeghị ya site na mberede. Tupu mgbe ahụ, mgbe ìgwè ahụ a kpọmkwem, mgbe mgbe, nwere clashes ugbo elu eguzo, ndị rutere merụsịrị. Mgbe niile, ọ bụ nnọọ ihe siri ike - na-anọdụ ala na Ngabiga na warara oche. Iji zere ndị dị otú ahụ ihe mberede na ọkụ ha kpatara, na-emepụta wee amamiihe solution, si otú na-enye ihe pilot nri na-eme mmehie.

French nsoro

French agha mmiri na-ewe a na-eduga itie ke ererimbot. Na ya Ndahie (321,850 tọn), ọ bu n'etiti Korea na United Kingdom. Burugodị na a agha dị ike formations bụ submarines, ultra-oge a frigates, amphibious, mgbere, nāpunara, na, n'ezie, kpara ugbo elu ụgbọelu France "Sharl De Goll" Ndahie nke 37 puku. Ise. Ndabere nke ọdịda ike bụ ugbo agha "Mistral". Ụgbọ mmiri nke ụdị e nwere atọ nkeji.

Ma, ọ bụ ugbu a na a ụkọ nke ikuku cover, dị ka French naval ụgbọelu nwere nnọọ 60 oche nke ugbo elu na-eje ozi. Ke ofụri ofụri, French ọchịchị turu ime a oké njọ modernization nke Navy, dị ka ugbu a ike bụ ezughi oke ịnọgide na-enwe zuru ụwa ọnụ agha arụmọrụ. Ọ bụ ezie na e nwere ndị si France na a ịrịba zụta mgbawa: ngwá agha nuklia. Karịsịa, a nke oge a ballistic agba.

France na World War II

The French na-ezi na-akpọ ndị ọsụ ụzọ nke naval ụgbọelu. Ha wuru seaplanes, efe ụgbọ mmiri na seaplanes, na battleships na mgbere onwem na agbapụ àkụ mee ka e gbupụ. Na na 20s nke narị afọ gara aga, ndị French naval agha nwere replenished a ọhụrụ so - na modernized ugbo elu ụgbọelu agha "Béarn". On ya arụnyere runway oche na catapult. Nke a ụgbọ mmiri, ọ bụ ezie na-enweghị ihe dị iche, sonye World War II megide German fasizim, ma na 1940-arahụ ụra. Nke a mere mgbe ndị chịliri aka elu nke French Republic na Nazi Germany. Ọzọkwa, na 1937, dị ka kpara usoro ihe omume nke shipbuilding, e kpebiri na rụọ ọtụtụ ọhụrụ ụgbọ mmiri. Ma nke a abụghị na-adị. Mgbe oge site na 1939 ruo 1945, ndị agha nke France, karịsịa nsoro, enwechaghịzi ogwe aka, ma choro ngụkọta mgbake. Ya mere otú ọtụtụ ugbo elu na-ebu site na France bụ n'oge agha na Germany? N'etiti akụkwa na friji oru dị ka "Joffre", "Clemenceau" ụgbọelu ụgbọelu mikpuru "Kommandan Test", guzoro otu ọchịagha ndị nke "Bearn".

Aircraft ụgbọelu "Béarn": hoary akụkọ ihe mere eme

French Vice Admiral Bourget ezi atụle na mkpa ịtụte French ụgbọelu na-ebu ndị Navy dị ka a isi. Nwoke a ozugbo nyere "Béarn", otú ndụmọdụ ya bara uru na a ga-anụ. The Admiral kweere na French nsoro ga-erughị 6 ụgbọelu na-ebu. Government procured ụgbọelu na-ebu mgbe e mesịrị na England, na na 50s na French shipbuilders e ugbo elu ụgbọelu "Clemenceau" na "Foz".

Ma na warship, ugbo elu ụgbọelu "Béarn", uru a pụrụ iche aha, ma ọ bụrụ na naanị n'ihi na ọ abuana ke agha ndị Nazi. Aircraft ụgbọelu abuana ke search nke German ship "Admiral Graf Spee". Ewu eso malitere na January 1914 na ulo oru na ọ bụ na April 1920. Arịa draft uku 9 mita na obosara - ụgbọelu 27. The ogologo bụ 182 m. Number nke ndi oru ugbo bu 865 ndị mmadụ.

Carriers French Navy malitere ya akụkọ ihe mere eme na nke a armored arịa. Ọ burugodị na-emegide ugbo elu egbe, torpedoes, na ama on board 40 ụgbọ elu. Ụgbọelu e wuru nke a ụlọ "Normandy", ndị agha tobaim powerplant na-edochi. Mgbe French capitulation e nwere na asịrị ahụ ụgbọelu me ka Martinique dum ala gold mee, ma ozi a na-adịghị enen. Ọzọkwa, tupu ọgwụgwụ nke agha, "Bearn" ebu ụgbọelu si Canada n'ala nna ha. Na 1967, French ndú nke ikpeazụ nke narị afọ e bibie.

Sharl De Goll ma ọ bụ ndị Richelieu?

Ma French ụgbọelu na-ebu, oge a na akwadebeghị na ihe niile dị mkpa izute agha ụkpụrụ. Kama nke ahụ, French ugbo elu ụgbọelu bụ ugbu a nanị otu onye: ama "Sharl De Goll". Nke a ụgbọ mmiri, e wuru na ulo oru na 1994. Ya na ime malitere na 2001. Na a Ndahie nke 42 puku. Tọn ugbo elu ụgbọelu na-eme ka 27 njem saịtị. Ọ nwere ihe abụọ nuclear engine, arịa ogologo bụ 261 mita na obosara nke banyere 64. The ụgbọelu bụ kasị ụgbọ mmiri na France, ma e jiri ya tụnyere yiri American nuclear mmiri na ọ bụ obere. The-arụ ọrụ nke ya kama ibu na mîdaha 1900, gụnyere ndị na-anya ụgbọelu na-isi usu.

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke a warship malitere na eziokwu na ndị ọchịchị kpebiri iji dochie ochie French ugbo elu ụgbọelu "Foch" na "Clemenceau" ka ọzọ oge a na ụdị. Ma, ọ e kere naanị otu arịa nke ndị dị otú a usoro, ebe ọ bụ na ya elu na-eri na-adịghị ekwe ka ọ nọgide na oru ngo. The ụgbọelu ụgbọelu na-adịghị nnọọ mma, n'ihi na nke na-emezughị ule.

Ma ndị na-ewu nke ụgbọ mmiri, ọ na-onwem na kasị oge a usoro: agbapụ àkụ mee, unsinkable bulkheads, abụọ na ala, Rada adọrọ na-ezo ngwá. E nwekwara a mmiri-drainage, ọkụ nchedo usoro. Arụ ọrụ nyere ikuku-oyi na ventilashion na usoro. E ala-ehi ụra ebe, ntụrụndụ ebe na-eri.

Around aha ụgbọelu ụgbọelu n'oge mkpali na oké njọ arụmụka: Fransua Mitteran, President of France, chọrọ aha ship "Richelieu", dị ka na-ewere ya na-ekwesịghị ekwesị flirting na Gaullist party. Ma a afọ mgbe e mesịrị, Zhak Shirak ka o kweta na ụgbọ mmiri e kpọrọ aha nke ama n'ozuzu.

Mgwo agha "Charles"

Nuclear ship ezu ike maka 5 afọ na-agba ọsọ na a ọsọ nke 25 mara akpụ. Nke a ụgbọelu na iwu ji ya ike osisi na a ezigbo ike ndochi: 76 puku horsepower .. N'ọnọdụ dị otú a ike isi nwere ike n'out oge enịm ruo 100 ugbo elu. Ma na-emekarị, na nsoro na-agụnye 40 ugbo elu, nke ọtụtụ alụso, agha ugbo elu, nyoputa onyeiro ụgbọelu na ejikọrọ. E na oche na helicopters. Ọzọkwa, na ụgbọelu na-onwem na Rada usoro na ntụ ozize nrụnye. Ya mere na-arịọ, otú ọtụtụ ugbo elu na-ebu site na France ugbu a kwere omume reliably zaa: otu. Ma e nwere ndị a ole na ole ọzọ ụgbọ mmiri, guzo fọrọ nke nta na otu larịị ọgụ ike na ntachi obi.

"Mistral": French n'ụgbọala

Ọdịda ụgbọ mmiri, helikọpta ụgbọelu "Mistral" bụ dị iche iche site na ndị ọzọ multi-nzube were. Ọ nwere ike ịdị a ọgwụ, kụrụ na ala ọdịda motorized brigeedi, ime ihe dị ka a iwu center, bear ma na-enwe ọgụ helicopters. Mgbe na-ekwu banyere ndị French ugbo elu ụgbọelu "Mistral" na-adịghị ahụ ụgbọelu ụgbọelu na zuru, ma a kwesịrị nnọchiteanya nke French Navy. Otu ihe dị mkpa uru nwere ike kwuru a na-adịghị na echiche nlekota ohere, nke a na-advantageously rụrụ helicopters. Ke adianade do, ụgbọ mmiri nwere ike enịm ọdịda barges, tank battalion na ruo 900 agha na a oge. Burugodị na French Navy nwere atọ yiri ship "Mistral", "Tonnerre" na "Dismyud".

Ọ kwere omume imi ụgbọelu ụgbọelu?

Nke a bụ a ezigbo ike. N'ihi na eziokwu na ndị dị otú sverhdorogostoyaschie mmiri na-ebu a nnukwu ego nke na ngwá agha, mgbe ahụ, n'ezie, na-echebe ọrụ nke ụgbọelu na-kpamkpam igbo mkpa achọrọ. Ya mere, mgbe nile gburugburu a nnukwu ụgbọ mmiri 15 ma ọ bụ karịa ụgbọ mmiri, na-enye pụrụ ịdabere na-echebe a dịpụrụ adịpụ ruo nke 300 kilomita. Ma n'ezie imi ụgbọelu ụgbọelu, ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ nnọọ ike. Ihe kacha, ma ọ bụghị nnọọ irè usoro - mwakpo. Iji mee nke a, ị ga-neutralize nche ụgbọ mmiri, na mgbe ahụ na-agbalị na-etinye ugbo elu ụgbọelu na ala, ọ ga-abụ nnọọ ike, n'ihi na ọ na-onwem na a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke compartments.

Ọ bụghị dịghị ihe ọzọ ọrụ na ndọrọ ego nke ụgbọelu ụgbọelu nke ihe nwere ike na-egwu a ntoonu. Ihe atụ, n'oge replenishment, a n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri, di iche iche otu ga-igwu mmiri imperceptible na arịa na guzosie ike ime mgbawa ngwaọrụ na ya na ala. Ndị isi ihe bụ pụọ hụrụ na a na ime.

Ụzọ ọzọ nwere ike na-torpedoed on board ahụ nkịtị okpuru mmiri. N'ezie, a na nnukwu ugbo elu ụgbọelu ga-enwe ike iji Dodge na torpedoes. Naanị ebe a ụgbọ okpuru mmiri atụ bọmbụ na-akwa puru ozugbo ime mmiri nchebe.

Ndị kasị dị irè na-emikpu nke ugbo elu ụgbọelu nyere agha na nuclear etiwapụ. O doro anya na nke ikpeazụ, n'ihi na ọrịa na ókèala, na ndị ọzọ oké ọdachi, na-eji naanị na oké ikpe.

Ụgbọ mmiri nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu

Ma ụgbọelu na-ebu nke France na ndị ọzọ na ike ụwa na-adịghị ada ka, e mere a ọhụrụ, ihe n'oge a na elu ụdị. Ewere n'ime akaụntụ ahụmahụ nke gara aga rụzuru na mmehie nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu ugbo elu ụgbọelu oru ngo e kere n'okpuru aha CVNX Ndahie nke 100 puku. Ise. Na ya e kere eke na-eji "stealth" technology, Kacha ọhụrụ nuclear owuwu, nke na-enye ohere maka a ogologo oge na-aga na-enweghị refueling, nakwa dị ka a radically ọhụrụ ahu ihe imewe. Dị creators-eme atụmatụ na ndị dị otú ahụ a ụgbọ mmiri maka dum iri-na-afọ lifespan ike rue 3 nde amụ ka kilomita na-ebu puku mmadụ isii. Day na oké osimiri.

Ọganihu na-ngwa ngwa na-akpụ akpụ, gụnyere ndị agha na ụlọ ọrụ. Nyekwara kpamkpam ke ọhụrụ technology, ma ụwa udo ike zụta maka ego ọ bụla.