Soviet ugbo agha "Dmitry Donskoy". Ugbo agha "Dmitry Donskoy": 65 oru ngo

Dị iche iche na oge a na akụkọ ihe mere eme na-ịgagharị ọdịdị, na-akpata na-esi nke na ọgba aghara ahụ mere na ndị Soviet oge. Ka ọ dịgodị, ka a nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ nke aguliteghi ọmụma. Na a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke na isi mmalite, ihe atụ, na-egosi ugbo agha "Dmitry Donskoy". 1955 ụbọchị azụ nnupụisi na ụgbọ mmiri. Dị ka ọ pụtara ìhè site ndekọ ya, e ji obi ọjọọ igbochi.

Adị na agbagọ eziokwu

Larịị nke na nzuzo na Soviet afọ bụ nnọọ elu. Na nke a, ọ bụla kpọmkwem ozi banyere nsogbu bụ ya zuru ezu obere. Na nke a, na mmetụta dị iche iche ihe. Ka ihe atụ, ndị dị otú ahụ na ndekọ pụrụ ịchọta:

• Na Vladivostok, nsogbu na-agbasa na Soviet ugbo agha "Dmitry Donskoy". The aghara e-ewute ya.
• The Pacific Fleet e brutally efịk nsogbu (ugbo agha "Dmitry Donskoy", 1955, Vladivostok). Gbara ihe karịrị mmadụ 50.

A ọzọ zuru ezu ọmụmụ nke ozi a Pop elu a ọtụtụ ajụjụ. Ihe isi ike na guzosie ike eziokwu ibili si eziokwu na ọtụtụ n'ime ọmụma akwadebe na bukwanu distortion. Ka ọ dịgodị, ndị ọzọ na isi mmalite kwuru na Soviet ugbo agha "Dmitry Donskoy" na Vladivostok na na ụbọchị na-efu. The ụgbọ mmiri e debara aha na Pacific Fleet, ma na uzo nke 19-20 ọtụtụ narị afọ. Dị ka ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe ndia na-egosi, August 31, 1951 na anatara nke Navy e debara aha ugbo agha "Dmitry Donskoy". USSR n'oge ahụ doziri nsogbu nke ịmụba ọnụ ọgụgụ nke nsoro. Na April 1953 ụgbọ mmiri e tọrọ ala na osisi ha. A. Marty, Leningrad. Ke mbubreyo September nke afọ e nyere ya aha ọhụrụ "Vladivostok". N'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ ya na oru na pontoons na towed ka Severodvinsk. September 2, 1959 na ugbo agha E wepụrụ ụlọ na achụpụ Navy depụtara teknuzu njikere 28.8%. N'ihi ya, na Vladivostok, ụgbọ mmiri nwere ike ịbụ.

Prerequisites maka ewu

Dị ka e kwuru n'elu, mgbe Ụwa nke Abụọ na-edu ndú nke mba emenịm a lekwasịrị na-eme ka elu nsoro. Na dị na Order of Ndị mmadụ Commissar nke Navy na mmalite nke 1945, ndị ọrụ e guzobere. O na a na-akwadebe ihe na isi e ji mara na ụdị nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu mmiri. Dị ka Commission pụta nke na-arụ ọrụ General Staff mepụtara atụmatụ maka afọ iri oge. Dị ka ha na, na 1955, ndị nsoro nwere na-ugbu:

1. Skwodron ugbo elu ụgbọelu ke ichekwa 6 nkeji.
2. Ebukọrọ - 358 nkeji.
3. Battleships - anọ nkeji.
4. Obere ụgbọelu na-ebu - 6 nkeji.
5. Arọ mgbere (40 PC.). N'ime ndị a, - onwem na a 220-mm (10 PC.) Ndien 180 mm (30 nkeji). GC ngwá.
6. Ụgbọ agha okpuru mmiri - banyere 500 nkeji.
7. Light mgbere na 152-mm egbe GK - 54 nkeji.

Ndị dị otú ahụ a ọnụ ọgụgụ ụgbọ mmiri na-atụ anya arụmọrụ nke eji naval agha na-emeghe ma na-emechi mmiri. N'agbanyeghị enweghị mmepụta na ego, Baịbụl na nke a ka e lere anya doro anya. Na ya, mmejuputa iwu nke anụ ụlọ nsoro ike ga-gafere ọgụgụ Royal Navy. Na agha, o ga na-okokụre-abua, na na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke submarines - akpa ebe. agha ahụmahụ gaa na akaụntụ na atụmatụ. Ẹkekerede Ọdịdị battleships ole na ole tụnyere tupu agha. Ọzọkwa, dị ka akụkụ nke Navy ebu na-gụnyere.

mgbanwe nke a plan

October 27, 1945 nzukọ mbụ ẹkenịmde ke Kremlin. Ọ tụgharịrị na onye otu. Stalin nwere onwe ya echiche na n'ihu mmepe nke Navy. Karịsịa, ọ na-chọrọ ka budata belata ọnụ ọgụgụ nke battleships, na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke arọ ugbo ala mụbara site na-amụba ha CC ka 305 mm. Stalin atụle inexpedient na-ewu nke ugbo elu na-ebu na-esote afọ iri. O na-ahụ mkpa, na ihe e kere eke nke mgbere na 180-mm egbe. N'otu oge Stalin nyere ya nkwenye maka owuwu nke ìhè ugbo ala na karịa ego. The ikpeazụ omume e mma mgbe ụka awade mba ndú. The ọhụrụ plan-agụnye ewu:

1. Arọ mgbere - 4 nkeji.
2. Ebukọrọ - 188 nkeji.
3. Light mgbere - 20 nkeji.
4. Submarines - 367 nkeji.

The plan-enyekwa maka ibikwasị nke abụọ battleships. Wezụga nke ugbo elu na-ebu site na usoro ihe omume nhazi na unwillingness n'ime anụ ụlọ ụlọ ọrụ. The ọhụrụ plan rụrụ dị ka a n'ihu nke tupu agha. Isi na-elekwasị anya bụ na ndị na-ewu nnukwu ogbunigwe ụgbọ mmiri. Nke a bụ adịghị agbanwe agbanwe na ahụmahụ nke na-adịbeghị anya biri agha.

imewe

Na dị na Order of Ndị mmadụ Commissar Kuznetsov, n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke 1943, ngo malitere ịzụlite a ọhụrụ ụdị nke ìhè ugbo agha. Na September, mbụ version e mma. N'adịghị ka mejupụtara ogwe 68 oru ngo-a okpukpu abụọ 137-mm na 100-mm-emegide ugbo elu ogbunigwe egbe. Ke adianade do, ọhụrụ ngwa mmiri n'okpuru osimiri acoustics na Rada e ẹkenam. Dị ka atụmatụ chere nnọchi atọ tube torpedo ugbo ala na ise foneelu, setịpụrụ nke 4 ogbunigwe. Ma ihe ndị cruising nso, ọ ga-abụ 8 puku. Miles. The ọsọ kacha nke 35 mara akpụ e zubere. Standard Ndahie otú ekwesịghị ịbụ elu karịa 10 puku. T.

mbipụta nke abụọ

Dị ka atụmatụ maka 1946-1955 biennium., E kwesịrị ike 30 dina 4 ìhè mgbere. Ná mmalite, ọtụtụ nkebi nke ihe aga-eme envisaged. Ke akpa itie ya e zubere iji wuchaa na-ewu nke 5 mmiri nke oru ngo 68-K, mgbe ahụ chere na-ewu nke 7 mgbere nke oru ngo 68-bis. Mgbe ahụ mmalite envisaged e kere eke nke a ọhụrụ usoro. Otu n'ime ha e kwesịrị ịbụ na ugbo agha "Dmitry Donskoy". Project 65 aro a mma rapidity, obere ngafe. Ọ e zubere iji kwadebe ụgbọ na ọhụrụ ike osisi. Na 1945, arụmọrụ na teknuzu chọrọ e nyere. Na Savitchev ọ họọrọ dị ka ndi-isi-mmebe. Otu n'ime ihe ndị ọhụrụ a chọrọ ga-agbanwe agbanwe na-mejupụtara nke-emegide ugbo elu ogbunigwe ngwá agha. Kama a 37-mm ejima egbe 12 agụnye echichi nke anọ quad 45-mm na 4.6-mm ejima 25 automata. The atụmatụ bụ dịkwuo ndoputa ma mbenata tonnage ka 8-8.5 puku. Ise. Ke ofụri ofụri stabilization ọ bụ maka ojiji na a ngwá agha 8 GMAT ike ike n'oké osimiri dị ka a chọrọ.

complexity

Tupu ndị na-ewu nke ndị dị otú a ibu ugbo agha "Dmitry Donskoy", Project 65 agbanweela ọtụtụ mgbanwe. All a kpọrọ banyere 40 variants. N'ihi na ụfọdụ n'ime ha na displacement bụ 13.5-15 puku. Ise. N'ezie, ndị a na ọnụ ọgụgụ na-ederịta akwụkwọ ozi kwa nke a nnukwu ìhè mgbere. Mgbe oge ụfọdụ gasịrị predeskizny development kwụsịrị n'ihi na nke nsogbu na-ekpebi ihe kwesịrị ekwesị oru ship udi. Ọ e kwesịrị ịbụ qualitatively iche ya ụzọ na-anara nke ọkọlọtọ Ndahie nke ọ bụla karịrị 15 thous. Tọn. Mgbe aro nke CDB-17, ngo e rụrụ na abụọ variants. On Stalin si iwu, Otú ọ dị, na 1947, na-arụ ọrụ ahụ kwụsịrị. Developers refocused mgbalị atụmatụ maka 82 na 68 bis.

Ugbo agha "Dmitry Donskoy": oru ngo

Na March 1949, na PPM-17 imecha ọrụ na imewe. Enweghị na-eche ọchịchị mma, ndị na-emepụta malitere engineering imewe. Ma ọdịda nke Stalin chọrọ dịkwuo ụgbọ mmiri na-agba 35 mara akpụ ma belata Ndahie nke ruo 36 ths. Tọn. Dabere na nke a na nke kasị nso-ekwe omume oge oru ngo e mere na PPM. Ruo mgbe ọgwụgwụ, bụ ọrụ na e dechara ya. N'oge usoro nke ike osisi ike nwere na-amụba site 30%, ịgbanwe ihe ndị mejupụtara nke-emegide ugbo elu ogbunigwe na eluigwe na ala, belata vetikal ntinye akwụkwọ na na. N'ihi na-amụba ọsọ nke ụgbọ mmiri nke oru ngo 82, e nwere mkpa na-ewu nke ìhè mgbere. Na October 1950, arụmọrụ-kenkwucha ọrụ natara. Dị ka ya, na-ezube na-ewu a ìhè ugbo agha 65 oru ngo, nke e kwesịrị ọsọ na 35-36 mara akpụ. Ka e si ụdi ọrụ mma site 2 variants dị iche iche na ngwá agha, na displacement nke ndoputa. Predeskizny imewe e dechara na 1951. Ma n'ihu ọrụ e rụrụ.

mgbanwe

March 16, 1976 mbụ arọ ugbo agha "Dmitry Donskoy" gụnyere nọ n'ụgbọ mmiri nke Navy. Na December 1982, e zigara ndị Western gbasie si Severodvinsk. Ke ufọt ufọt September 1989, ụgbọ mmiri ahụ laghachi azụ. The enterprise "Sevmash" modernization na overhaul e rụrụ. Ke mbubreyo June 2002, ugbo agha "Dmitry Donskoy" e ọma na-anwale. Dị ka ha na-arụpụta, ọ na-ọzọ kwetara na Northern Fleet.

Ụgbọ agha okpuru mmiri "Dmitry Donskoy": a foto, a n'ozuzu nkọwa nke

The ụgbọ mmiri bụ otu n'ime isii wuru na naanị otu onye fọdụrụ n'ime n'ohu. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ nke a akwa n'etiti nuclear-kwadoro mmiri 3rd na 4th ọgbọ. Ugbo agha "Dmitry Donskoy" e onwem na ọhụrụ "Bulava" mgbagwoju. Ọ bụ na nke a ụgbọ mmiri na-anwale ngwá agha. Agha ugbo agha "Dmitry Donskoy" bụ ndị kasị ibu n'ụwa. Ya zuru Ndahie - 49,8 tọn Vehicle Ogologo - .. 172 m na obosara -. 23,3. Nuclear okpuru mmiri "Dmitry Donskoy" bụ ike nke na-ebu 20 March-ogbo ICBM, na-amalite uka nke 90 t. Na 1996-1997. n'ihi enweghị ego, atọ mmiri nke otu usoro jere ozi niile 12-13 afọ, na-e si na Navy. Ọzọ abụọ - TK-20 na TK-17 ( "Severstal" na "Arkhangelsk") na-anọgide na n'ohu. The isi ụgbọ mmiri na usoro bụ nuclear ugbo agha "Dmitry Donskoy". N'ihi na ihe karịrị afọ 10 ọ bụ n'okpuru idozi na "Sevmash" ụlọ ọrụ. Ebe ọ bụ re-na ngwá na modernization.

agha

Ná mmalite, okpuru mmiri "Dmitry Donskoy" e zubere ka a set nke "Bark". Ọ e mere na Design Bureau. Makeyev. The mgbagwoju gụnyere a agha na a warhead iche ụdị. Ha na-azọrọ na e-onwem na a usoro nke inertial satellite nduzi. Ọ nyere izi ezi ka ukwuu. Ma anọ ule nke mgbagwoju kụrụ afọ n'ala. Na nke a, na mgwo agha adi. N'ihi ya, e kpebiri igosi na armored ugbo agha "Dmitry Donskoy" mgbagwoju "Bulava-30", mere site Moscow Institute of Kwes Technology. O nwere ka nwere ịrịba uru n'elu American counterpart "Trident II".

ẹkụre

Ke 2008, nnukwu nke zubere jikoro ụgbọ mmiri akakabarede e dechara. Na December 2004, omume nke ẹkụre nke oké osimiri ọnwụnwa e banyere. Dị na mma omume na osisi ugbo agha ule agha igba egbe mgbagwoju "Bulava" e mere. Ugbu ụgbọ mmiri e eje ozi na Navy.

Historical dee: mbụ echiche

Ka nchoputa nke echiche nke ndị na-ewu ihe oké osimiri ugbo agha mere Vice Admiral A. A. Popov. O nyere iwu a detachment nke corvettes na Clippers. Ahụmahụ na-akwakọba n'oge e kere eke nke mbụ armored mgbere na housings nke metal na rework nke ụgbọ mmiri "Minin" ọ gụnyere abụọ embodiments. N'otu oge Popov rịọrọ e ji mara àgwà nke Admiral ikpeazụ Aslanbegova. Ihe kachasi mkpa niile amụma na e anakọtara, chịkọtara dị ka ndị a:

1. The ogbunigwe na ụgbọ mmiri ga-enwe a ibu caliber, kama ka atọrọ ka a nta ọtụtụ.
2. Ugbo agha ga-arụrụ a frigeeti, ọ bụghị a corvette. Ọ ga-enwe a mechiri emechi batrị.
3. Ọ dị mkpa ka iwelie akụkụ: ogologo ruo 91,5 m, obosara - 17,1 m.
4. Speed dị mkpa na-amụba ka 16-17 mara akpụ.
5. Ike ga-amụba ka 1000 lita elu ọnụ. a.
6. Number nke torpedo akpa ga-ebelata ka anọ.
7. Site abụọ topsail yad a ga-tụfuo.
8. Kol oke ga-amụba ka 1.2 puku. T.

Iji a elu, Popov merie nnwapụta nke oru enweghị ịhazi ha na onyeisi oche nke teknuzu na kọmitii. Ná mmalite March 1880 mbụ ụgbọ mmiri na-ewu a họpụtara onyeisi Samoilov. Osote ya bụ onyeisi Potapov. preparatory ọrụ e zigara ihe ka ihe na-amalite ke mbubreyo May. Site 18 December na-ewu ghọrọ Kuteinikov. March 28, 1881 mbụ ugbo agha wee aha ya "ala Rọshịa bụ Dmitri Donskoi". The ememe nke ya ukara ibe edokọbara na May 9.

Ụfọdụ na-ewu eziokwu

Per linear ugbo agha "Dmitriy Donskoy" scripting n'iru uzuoku drive. Na mberede, ya bịakwutere ya size. The n'iru wheel e mere ka ahụ dị n'azụ (ọdịnala). Telegraph Machine arụnyere na n'ihu akwa. Ka ịmepụta ndị dị mkpa na ọnọdụ, n'ihi ọrụ nke pụrụ iche ịghasa Tiller echepụta na free mmiri "parallelogram ije." Ọ bụ nnọọ a siri ike na nkà na ụzụ nsogbu. Ma, ọ nọ na-edozi.

ule

Ugbo agha "Dmitry Donskoy" na oru na August 18, 1883-nke. N'oge ikpeazụ nke ọrụ bilie n'usoro iwu isi ike na njikọ na esemokwu n'etiti abụọ ala-ekesịpde ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri. N'ihi nke ihe gbasaa n'elu 2 afọ. Na May 1885 mbụ on board malitere ule na nnabata nke oru ngwá ọrụ nke mines na ogbunigwe. Ruo mgbe August na ugbo agha "Dmitry Donskoy" e wepụtara n'ime oké osimiri naanị ugboro atọ. Ya nkezi ọsọ bụ 16,16 mara akpụ na igwe ikike 5972 lita. a.

ụlọ ọrụ

Na mgbụsị akwụkwọ 1885 mbụ ugbo agha na Mediterranean. N'ihi na afọ abụọ na ọ na-aga a pụrụ iche unit si n'ebe. Na 1887 ship gụnyere Pacific skwodron iwu N'azụ Admiral Kornilov. Site May 1889 "Don" laghachiri Kronstadt. Ebe ọ bụ a obere refurbishment na September 21, 1891 Mbụ wepụtara azụ n'ime Oké Osimiri Mediterenian. N'ebe ahụ, ọ duru a detachment nke mkpagide "emegbu mmadụ", frigeeti "Minin" na gunboat "Uralets". Na March 1892 mbụ unit e disbanded. Ugbo agha "Don DM." Ọ zitere site na Marmara Sea na Constantinople na mgbe ahụ ka Black Sea. Ebe ọ bụ na July 1892 mbụ ụgbọ mmiri dabeere na Vladivostok. Ebe ọ bụ na isi ike skwodron. Na February n'afọ ọzọ, ụgbọ mmiri ahụ wee Port kwuru. Ebe a dochie onyeisi Gessen ama kpechitere NA Green. The ugbo agha na-aga site Russian squad a kpọrọ nke ochichi US maka ememe nke 400th ncheta nke chọpụtara America. March 16 malitere igwu. N'ihi na ihe ndabara ọjọọ agbasokarị ifufe ụkpụrụ, "Don" bụ mbubreyo maka collection of ụgbọ mmiri na gara ozugbo na New York. Na September, ọ laghachiri n'ala nna ya. Ya boilers na ụgbọala e kpọrọ kara nká na mkpa ozugbo idozi. Site 1894 nke na-arụ ọrụ e dechara. Na 1895, ndị ugbo agha dochie na katrij Kane ogbunigwe egbe. Site October 29, 1895 mbụ niile ule e dechara. Ugbo agha "Don" e wepụtara na Oké Osimiri Mediterenian na "Rurik". N'oge ahụ malitere agha n'elu Black Sea isi ike. February 14, 1896 mbụ ụgbọ mmiri na e zigara ndị Far East. On April 9, ha gara Nagasaki. Oge a nke ozi ahụ, agbatị na 6 afọ. Na 1900, "Don" wee akụkụ ke eduzi ndị agha na agha mmiri na Port Arthur, onye mechara kwaga ezigbo agha.

Na 1901, December 12, ụgbọ mmiri laghachi Kronstadt. Ebe ọ nọrọ ya renovations maka Pacific skwodron. Kpọmkwem, 6 nke iri 120-mm cannons e dochie na a 75mm egbe. Na 1903, ndị ugbo agha "Diamond" na "Don"-eso a detachment nke ebukọrọ. Otú ọ dị, ebubo kere ogologo karịa zubere na ụgbọ mmiri ahụ sonyeere a iche iche detachment, nyere n'iwu site N'azụ Admiral Virenius. Na mbụ nkebi nke agha ọ bụ ike ruo naanị Oké Osimiri Uhie na e nyere ya iwu ka ọ laghachi.

agha Tsushima

Ugbo agha "Dmitry Donskoy" na 1904 gụnyere na 2 nd Pacific skwodron. O nyere iwu a ship onyeisi Lebedev. Inwe skwodron ụzọ gburugburu m. Good Hope na 14 May 1905, ọ banyere agha n'okpuru ọkọlọtọ nke N'azụ-Admiral Enquist na Korea Strait. N'oge agha na otu isi mgbere "Ow. Monomakh" na "DM. Don" kpuchie ha n'akụkụ, "Aurora", lishivshuyusya management. Na-eme otú ahụ, ha hụrụ onwe ha n'okpuru ọkụ si Japanese shells. Russian mgbere nwere ike imebi ọtụtụ Japanese ụgbọ mmiri. N'oge a, elu-ọsọ "nkume pel", "Oleg" ma rụzigharịa "Aurora" pụta agha, ịzụlite ọsọ kacha. N'ihi ya, slogu "Don" hapụrụ nanị. Ebe ezere m ọgụ, ụgbọ mmiri ahụ na-echere maka abalị na devyatiuzlovym ọganihu na anyụ ọkụ gara Vladivostok.

Of niile mgbere nke 1st n'usoro naanị "Don" ka m nwee ike na-eru nso ọgwụgwụ nke niile igwu mgbaru ọsọ. Na banyere. Dazhelet ọ kwụsịrị iji wepụ otu si na-aga na-ala nke mbibi "Wild One". N'oge a pụtara na mmiri na-agba Japanese ụgbọ mmiri, "Tsushima", "Niitaka", "Ịhapụ", "Akashi", "Takachiho" na "Naniwa". E wezụga ndị a, na "Don" na-abịaru nso 4 ebukọrọ. Ha ngwa ngwa, were otu ụgbọ mmiri na gburugburu ebe obibi. Russian iwu jụrụ atọgbọ wee gbata abụọ chaplet. Ugbo agha otu jisiri kụtuo 2 iro arịa ( "Ịhapụ" na "Naniwa"). Ma ụgbọ mmiri enweghị ike ịga n'ihu. Ọ natara dị otú ahụ unan na nfuli ike ịnagide mmiri na-abịa site na oghere. N'abalị, agwaetiti ahụ kpaliri na-arụ ọrụ nke ya gburu ọchịagha. Erule n'ụtụtụ ugbo agha "Dmitry Donskoy" osụhọde, ebe zie ya ọkọlọtọ. Ivan Nikolaevich Lebedev nwụrụ a ụbọchị ole na ole mgbe e mesịrị na a Japanese nwụdere n'agha.

ọgwụgwụ

Dị ka ị pụrụ ịhụ, na akara aka nke ụgbọ mmiri bụ nnọọ mgbagwoju anya. N'eziokwu, ọ na-a abụọ ọmụmụ na uzo nke 20-21 ọtụtụ narị afọ. Otú ọ dị, enweghị ego budata gbochie ọrụ na ya mweghachi. Ya mere, ọ na-ulo oru na ọ bụ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka afọ iri. N'ụzọ dị mwute, dị iche iche na isi mmalite na-hụrụ etịbe ọmụma. Otú ọ dị, a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke akụkọ ihe mere eme, enịmde ifịk nnyocha na nkọwa nke ahụ n'ezie eziokwu. Taa ugbo agha bụ ndị kasị ibu n'ụwa submarines. Ọ budata gbanwetụrụ, onwem na ọhụrụ na ngwá agha na akụrụngwa na ya. The ụgbọ mmiri gafere niile dị mkpa ule na e-eje ozi na n'ohu ahụ Navy.