Royal Navy: nkọwa, ndepụta na-akpali eziokwu

Ogologo oge tupu ndị eze ukwu Peter "meghere a window" n'ime Baltic Oké Osimiri, na tọrọ ntọala nke Russian Navy, "ukwu nke oké osimiri" ọtụtụ narị afọ England achị ebili mmiri gburugburu ụwa. The prerequisites a na-ma pụrụ iche, Insular ebe UK na geopolitical mkpa na-alụso ndị dike European ike - Spain, France, Portugal.

mbido

The mbụ isi British mmiri nwere ike na-ahuta ka a trireme na diremy Alaeze Ukwu Rom, nke na-abịa ajụjụ nke shipbuilding ihe ike dị ka ihe niile ọzọ - ya gara na-akwọ ụgbọ epeepe ndị ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu nke nkà na ụzụ nke oge. Mgbe ahapụ ndị Rom na guzobere na British n'Àgwàetiti plurality nke dị iche iche ala-eze British mmiri budata furu niile components - tonnage, processability na nke ukwu.

Akpali akpali kwalite ntoputa nke ọzọ elu mmiri malitere raiding Scandinavians - na Vikings adọgbu adọgbu ngwa ngwa na maneuverable Drakkar mere agbawa raids na ala gbara osimiri okirikiri obodo na chọọchị. Na-ewu nke ọtụtụ patrol nsoro kwere ka ndị British na budata belata weere si intruders.

The ọzọ ogbo na mmepe nke British agha nsoro - mbuso agha nke William-emeri na e guzobere a unitary ala, England. Ebe ọ bụ na oge, na-ekwu okwu banyere ọdịdị nke British nsoro.

British Royal Navy

The ukara akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Royal Navy of England ga-amalite na Henry VII, onye mụbara British nsoro si 5 30 ụgbọ mmiri. Ruo mgbe mbubreyo narị afọ nke 16 British oké osimiri pụrụ iche ùgwù ọ bụghị iji chọpụta, ma mgbe mmeri Spanish "Armada" na nza nke ọzọ VICTORIA ọnọdụ naval detachment si European akaebe (Spain na France) malitere larịị anya.

Corsairs na na My Chemical Romance - abụọ n'akụkụ nke otu mkpụrụ ego

Na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke British naval pụrụ iche na ambiguous akara uru banyere omume nke ndị a ma ama English corsairs, ndị kasị ama n'ime ha Frensis Dreyk na Henry Morgan. N'agbanyeghị ya overtly eri "isi-eme", nke mbụ nke ha knighted na meriri ndị Spaniards, na nke abụọ kwukwara na English okpueze ọzọ diamond - Caribbean akipelago.

R.N.

The ukara akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Navy of Great Britain (na e nwere na-emegiderịta metụtara ọnụnọ nke fleets of England na Scotland tupu 1707, mgbe e njikọ ha) na-amalite n'etiti narị afọ nke 17. Kemgbe ahụ, ndị British malitere nweta ole na ole na mmeri e meriri na naval agha, nke nta nke nta inweta aha nke ike naval ike. Ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu nke English kara na ebili mmiri dara na Napoleonic Wars. Ha ghọrọ a oge nke ebube maka rụnyere n'ụgbọ mmiri, bụ ndị ruru a ya na nkà na ụzụ n'uko.

The njedebe nke Napoleonic Wars na Royal Navy of Great Britain rịgooro na elu nke ike nsoro na ụwa. Na narị afọ nke 19, ndị British bụ ndị mbụ ịgbanwe osisi na-akwọpụ n'ime ígwè na uzuoku. N'agbanyeghị eziokwu na UK Navy si fọrọ nke nta na-abụghị akụkụ na isi agha, na Navy e weere nnọọ prestigious, na anya mmezi nke ike na readiness nke naval agha bụ a mkpa. Mkpa nke British àgwà ya uru na ụwa oké osimiri bụ eziokwu na edebeghi ozizi akụziri ịnọgide na-enwe ndị na-esonụ mmekọrita nke agha: Royal Navy aghaghị inwe ike karịa abụọ ọ bụla navies jikọtara.

World: A nnukwu nsoro megide High Oké Osimiri Fleet

Royal Navy na World War gosiri na ọ bụghị dị ka na-egbuke egbuke dị ka a gaara na-atụ anya tupu mmalite: a nnukwu nsoro, onye isi ebumnobi bụ mmeri nke German High Oké Osimiri Fleet, ọrụ ya na-adịghị mụtara - ya ọnwụ bụ budata karịrị nke ndị Germany. N'agbanyeghị nke a, ndị UK shipbuilding ike bụ nnọọ ukwuu nke na ọ nọgidere na-enwe ya uru, na-ese Germany ịhapụ si eme nke nnukwu agha na ime ka raider si eme iji mobile njikọ submarines.

Site na nke oge a na-agụnye ihe e kere eke nke abụọ, na-enweghị ikwubiga okwu ókè, a dị ịrịba ama nke warships, nke na-na progenitors nke dum ebe shipbuilding. Nke mbụ bụ HMS Dreadnought - a ọhụrụ ụdị agha na ndị dị ike na ngwá agha na uzuoku tobaim osisi, ịzụlite ya mma n'oge 21-mara akpụ. Nke abụọ bụ na HMS Igbe Royal - ụgbọelu ụgbọelu, jere ozi n'Òtù Ndị Agha Mmiri nke Great Britain ruo 1944.

N'agbanyeghị niile weere nke Mbụ World, ka ya na njedebe nke UK na ọ nwere na nke itule nke a nnukwu nsoro, dangling on a leaky mmefu ego ibu arọ. Ya mere, Washington Agreement na 1922, ịmachi ọkwọ ụgbọ mmiri ụfọdụ ego na onye ọ bụla nke klas nke ụgbọ mmiri, ọ ghọrọ a ezigbo nzọpụta maka ndị bi n'àgwàetiti.

World War II: Work na chinchi

Royal Navy UK nsoro na mmalite nke abụọ World nwere iri abụọ na abụọ nnukwu-ike mmiri (battleships na ugbo elu na-ebu), 66 Ụgbọ mmiri cruising klas, ihe fọrọ nke nta abụọ na narị abụọ na-ebukọrọ na isii na iri na abuo submarines, ewepu-ewu. A agha na-ukwuu karịa dị na ọnọdụ nke Germany na ya jikọrọ aka na a ugboro ole na ole, nke kwere ka British anya na a mma pụta maka onwe gị naval agha.

Ndị Germany, ebe ọ maara na kara nke British, ọ bụghị na-etinye aka kpọmkwem clashes na ike squadrons nke òtù na-eme n'agha okpuru. A ọrụ pụrụ iche e egwuri site submarines, nke Alaeze Ukwu nke Atọ riveted fọrọ nke nta a na puku!

Karl Doenitz, "Guderian mmiri n'okpuru osimiri", azụlitewo a atụmatụ nke "wolf mkpọ", n'onwa ọgụ na convoys na ọgụ nke ụdị "bit - bounced". Na oge mbụ, na-efe efe squads nke German submarines duru British na a ala nke ujo - na mpụta mbụ nke agha ahụ na North Atlantic e ọdịda a ebu ego nke weere na ahia na na Navy of Great Britain.

Ihe ọzọ mma na-akpata Germany bụ eziokwu na ndị isi nke Navy of Great Britain na 1941 bụ ihe efu na ọnụ ọgụgụ na àgwà - e meriri France, ọdịdọ nke Belgium na Netherlands mesoo a na-egbu mgbu igbu ka atụmatụ nke ndị bi n'àgwàetiti. Ma Germany nwere ohere n'ụzọ dị irè iji obere ụgbọ okpuru mmiri na a obere oge, kwurula igodo.

Jisiri ịgbanwe ọnọdụ na-efu nke decrypting Koodu nke German submariners, eke a usoro ihe ọhụrụ nke convoys, ụlọ zuru ezu ọnụ ọgụgụ nke pụrụ iche na iduga ụgbọ mmiri na ikuku support. Ọzọkwa British ịga nke ọma na oké osimiri e jikọtara na ma ndị nnukwu shipbuilding ụlọ ọrụ (na British nọ na-ewu ụgbọ mmiri na ngwa ngwa karịa ndị Germany mikpuru ha), na na Allied Mmeri na ala. Italy ụzọ ọpụpụ si agha yipụ Germany nke ya Mediterranean agha bases, na Agha nke Atlantic e meriri.

Falklands: esemokwu nke mmasị

Na agha oge, Royal Navy Ụgbọ mmiri ndị e kwuru na ezi obi na ndị Falklands War na Argentina. N'agbanyeghị n'ịgba ọdịdị nke ndị agha, ọnwụ nke ndị bi n'àgwàetiti mere ọtụtụ narị mmadụ, ọtụtụ ụgbọ mmiri na a iri na abuo alụso. N'ezie, na iji nke a ka elu oké osimiri ike na Britain mfe mere nwetaghachiri akara na Falklands.

agha nzuzo

Ma isi na ogwe aka agbụrụ bụ na ndị iro - Japan na Germany, na na na-adịbeghị anya-enyere Devid aka na ngọngọ - na Soviet Union. "Agha Nzuzo" nwere ike mgbe ọ bụla na-ekpo ọkụ, n'ihi ya, Royal Navy ka elu anya. Pụrụ isi chọta nke naval bases, mmepe na nyere nke ọhụrụ arịa, gụnyere submarines na ngwá agha nuklia - niile British mere ugbua na n'usoro nke abụọ nọmba. The isi ogu bụ n'etiti abụọ titans - na Soviet Union na United States.

Military British Navy taa

Taa, ọ na-ewere ndị kasị ibu Old World na a gụnyere (na a n'usoro n'usoro) na njikọ Navy NATO. Ụgbọ elu-ebu na agha mgbere ikike ibu nuclear warheads bụ isi pụtara ìhè ike nke Navy of Great Britain. Mejupụtara ya n'oge 64 nke ụgbọ mmiri, nke 12 na-submarines, ụgbọelu 2, 6 nāpunara, 13 klas "frigeeti" ụgbọ mmiri, atọ ọdịda 16 minesweeper na iri abụọ na patrol na patrol ụgbọ mmiri. Ọzọ inyeaka ụgbọ mmiri, "Fort Dzhordzh" bụ agha kama aka ike.

Ọ bụ flagship ugbo elu ụgbọelu "wusiri ike" - multipurpose ship na anamde bụghị nanị ọrụ nke n'ime oche ugbo elu, ma na-ọdịda ọrụ (nnyefe ruo 250 Marines na airborne akụrụngwa). "Wusiri ike" e wuru na 2001 na-etinye n'ime ime ihe na 2005.

The isi ike nke n'elu-mmiri bụ frigates usoro "Norfolk", aha ya bụ mgbe otu English Duke, na ụgbọ agha okpuru mmiri - SSBN usoro "Vanguard", onwem na nuclear agba. Fleet dabeere na Plymouth, Clyde na Portsmouth, na Plymouth Devonport isi na-eje ozi na a ọrụ na 1588! Ezie na ọ ya ndò na ụgbọ mmiri chebiri n'ihi na Spanish "Armada". Ọ bụ naanị otu onye na nke mmezi mmiri na nuclear engines.

na-akpali eziokwu

Recycling ụgbọ mmiri Royal Navy klas SSBNs (nuclear submarines) na-adịghị mere - na e nwere ndị bi n'àgwàetiti a na nkà na ụzụ ga-ekwe omume. Ya mere, iyuzucha ha arụmọrụ ndụ nke okpuru mmiri dị nnọọ chebekwara ruo mma ugboro.

Russian agha ugbo agha ngafe si territorial mmiri nke United Alaeze na 2013 eju bụghị nanị ndị nkịtị kamakwa agha mmiri nke mba ahụ. Russian Navy na n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke Great Britain! N'agbanyeghị ọnọdụ nke oké osimiri ike, na British na-adịghị adị mfe hụrụ otu ụgbọ nke yiri na klas na ike na-enwe ọganihu kwupụta Russian ugbo agha.

British ekesịpde n'ọkwá na e kere eke nke abụọ na ụdị ụgbọ mmiri ọtụtụ afọ gbanwere ihu nke naval agha: dreadnought - a dị ike ma na ngwa ngwa warship, ịmata ya aka na kraiptographi, nakwa dị ka ike volley na ụgbọelu ụgbọelu - a ụgbọ mmiri, nke bụ isi taa Navy amanye niile bụ isi mba.

n'ikpeazụ

Gịnị gbanwere na British Navy site n'oge Roman na-achị na ruo ugbu a? Royal Navy wee si na-emebi emebi sudenyshek Saxon earls ka a pụrụ ịdabere na ya ma dị ike frigates "Manowar" n'oge Drake na Morgan. Na n'ihu, ugbua na ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu nke ike ya, ọ bụ nke mbụ nke oké osimiri gburugburu. Agha ụwa abụọ na maa jijiji nāchi Pax Britannika, ma n'ihi na ya na ya na agha mmiri.

Ugbu a, Day nke Navy of Great Britain na okwu nke tonnage bụ na 6 ebe, n'azụ India, Japan, China, Russia na United States, na America "bi n'àgwàetiti ahụ" na-efunari fọrọ nke nta ugboro 10! Ònye gaara eche na a mbụ ógbè mgbe a di na nwunye nke ọtụtụ narị afọ na-ndisụhọrede ilekiri n'oge mbụ nne mba?

Ma, British Navy - bụghị naanị egbe, ugbo elu-ebu, ụta na submarines. Nke a bụ - mere eme. The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke oké mmeri na ndinuak wee merie, ndị dike na-eme na mmadụ na-akpata ... "Ekele Britannia, ekaufọk nke oké osimiri!"