Confederation nke Rhine 1806-1813 gg. Akụkọ development

N'oge Napoleonic Wars map nke Germany, nakwa dị ka dum Europe bụ budata redrawn. Nke a na obodo na-n'otu n'okpuru otu ọchịchị. Kama, German ala ọtụtụ isi, duchies na alaeze. All nke ha na-chie esịne ke Holy Alaeze Ukwu Rom, ma eze ukwu ahụ, bụ onye na mbụ achị Austria, fọrọ nke nta ọ bụla na-elekọta ihe ya na ndị òtù. Napoleon, na-ewere Germany, ka kpamkpam gbanwere itule ike na ya, na-agbalị ike n'ebe "ezigbo ala" nke ihe oyiyi nke France.

Mụrụ anya

Austria maka Bonaparte bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị implacable emegide. The Habsburgs nile mmekota megide revolutionary France, ma n'elu na n'elu ọzọ ụsụụ ndị agha ha, e meriri. Napoleon turu ime na Confederation nke Rhine dị ka onye ọzọ ochie ala usoro ke Germany. O weere na ịdị adị nke Nsọ Alaeze Ukwu Rom na gosiri Vienna egwuregwu ochie throwback.

N'ihi na oge mbụ banyere atụmatụ ya Bonaparte kwuru mgbe French mmeri Russian-Austrian agha 1805. Mgbe ahụ, ọ were lụso Austria ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ German na-ekwu. Ndị ọchịchị nke Baden, Hesse-Darmstadt, Württemberg na Bavaria sonyeere Napoleon. Ka ha na-azụ na ndị na-apụghị ịdabere na ha jikọrọ aka, eze ukwu nke France n'ụba ha ụgwọ ọrụ. Ruru eru ịtụ vootu nke Bavaria na Württemberg natara eze utu aha. Baden-achị ihe ùgwù a jụrụ, na-amara na ya obi umeala onwunwe adịghị sere na "abawanye", na ọnụ na Landgrave nke Hesse-Darmstadt bụ Grand Duke.

German allies nke Napoleon

Tupu e kere-eguzosi ike n'ihe ka Napoleon Confederation nke Rhine, na allies ebipụ ndị Habsburgs a ịrịba akụkụ nke ala-ha. Württemberg ọdịnaya na nnweta nke akụkụ nke Swabia, Baden Breisgau natara na ọtụtụ obodo ndị ọzọ. Alaeze nke Bavaria weghaara Augsburg na Tirol.

The usoro nke redistribution nke Germany biri na 1806. Site n'oge a, anyị na-efunahụ ha onwe ha n'ebe ole na ole fọdụrụnụ ochie free obodo - Frankfurt, Augsburg na Nuremberg. Otu ihe mere ndị okpukpe iwu, grafụ, ndị oké ozu na alaeze ukwu knight. Ha na-efu ha butere n'aka ojiji nnọchiteanya nke kasị ama German oké ozu ezinụlọ, na-enye Europe ama agha ndị ndú ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Ịmepụta a Confederation nke Rhine, Napoleon nwetara nkasi bụghị si ha nile. Ọbụna ụfọdụ na-nwetara ihe ọhụrụ mgbe mbata nke French. Ya mere, ndị eze ukwu onwe-ya nweela-eguzosi ike n'ihe na-akwado, onye ọdịmma bụ ugbu a dabere na akara aka nke nchebe.

Ịmepụta Union

Na July nke 1806 na ọ guzobere na Confederation nke Rhine. Akpa, ọ na-agụnye 16 na-ekwu, na n'ebe ndịda na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke Germany, na mgbe e mesịrị, sonyeere ha ọzọ 23 obere isi. Ihe kacha mkpa òtù bụ ndị eze nke Württemberg na Bavaria. Chie, na "ọgbụgba ndụ ebighị ebi" dina n'elu nha anya ikike nke mba nile. N'ezie, ọhụrụ mmụta aghọwo a satellite nke France. Bonaparte enyeghị maka ihe ọ bụla. Enye ya ndị na-akwado ọhụrụ aha na nnwere onwe si Habsburgs, o mere ha ya eze nọ n'okpuru.

N'ezie, n'otu adịteghị agha igwe chọrọ ke France, mgbe gafee Europe nọgidere na Napoleonic Wars. Dị ka akwụkwọ ụkpụrụ ịrụ ọrụ, akpa Emperor nke Paris ina-enweta 63 puku ọhụrụ German agha njikere ịgọpụrụ ihe ndị gbasara ya.

counterweight Prussia

Mgbe e meriri Prussia na Agha nke Jena na October 1806 na ọgwụgwụ nke Udo Tilsit Alexander m n'oge okpomọkụ nke 1807 n'otu sonyeere ọhụrụ ala. N'ókèala ha, Napoleon guzosie ike a ọhụrụ n'alaeze Westphalia na isi obodo ya na Kassel. Onye na-achị, e nwere nwanne ya Zherom Bonapart. Ọzọkwa m natara aha eze Frederick Augustus m nke Saxony. Mgbe ahụ, ndị bi na nke Confederation nke Rhine bụ a ngụkọta nke 16 nde bi na, na ndị agha ya size malite si 120 puku ndị agha.

Ọ bụrụ na Austria ama agbajikwa, mgbe ahụ, Prussia ka na-agbalị iguzogide mmetụta nke Bonaparte. Napoleonic Wars kpọrọ maa jijiji ọnọdụ nke Frederick William III. Na-edebe King of Prussia Emperor kere Grand Duchy nke Berg, na isi obodo ya na Düsseldorf, n'ebe ocheeze a kụrụ nwa-ya Joachim Murat.

alaeze nke Westphalia

Na November nke 1807 na ọ e kere Alaeze Westphalia. Dị ka Grand Duchy nke Berg, ọ e kere dị ka a isi ọwụwa maka Prussia. Nke a nnwale Bonaparte bụ ya kasị nwee obi ike na mkpebi na Germany. Na obi nke German na-ekwu na e kere ala ebutere ka French usoro ndị eze. Alaeze nke Westphalia bụ ejighị n'aka ma na ndị bi na ókèala. Ọ na-agụnye ala, gbasasịa ke iche iche anāchi achi. E nwere ọtụtụ nke enclaves na dị nnọọ iche dị iche iche.

Gịnị mere ndị German bi otú meekly diri experimentation na improvisation France? Historians ka iru a dịgasị iche iche nke chepụtara. M asị ndị agha ọgụgụ nke Napoleon, ya ịtụnanya amara. Ya mmeri, ọ kpọnwụrụ ya niile nwere ndị iro, nke ga-eduru mkpesa megide eze ukwu. Ke adianade do, ndị Germany ka mere na-egosi na otu mba nsụhọ. Bi dị iche iche obere isi nwere ọtụtụ akụkọ ọ bụla ọzọ na agaghị anwa anwa na-kwụpụ n'elu ha nwekọrọ iwe n'obi na-emegide Napoleon.

The brainchild nke Bonaparte

Kere Napoleon si Confederation nke Rhine na 1806 bụ n'ụzọ bụ wuru guzobere. The Emperor chọrọ guzosie ya States n'usoro iwu ochichi obodo usoro nke nnwere onwe na oke ruru mmadu n'oyiyi nke French iwu. Ma ike a n'otu usoro omume maka dum Union. Large na-ekwu dị ka Bavaria achọghị akpọ na nta agbata obi.

Na 1812, Napoleon wee ọwụwa anyanwụ n'ime Russia. Na ya, o were mma agha Germany - agha ya nnọọ aghara aghara na ha agbụrụ. Na Germany, e nwere nanị ihe ole na ole Isonye, lagoro ezumike nka na ndị na-nkwarụ. Germany nwere ike n'ezie nkwatu French na-achị, ma emeghị ka ya. Confederation nke Rhine (1806-1813) nwere ike ịnya isi nke udo na iguzosi ike n'ihe, ọbụna mgbe eze ukwu ahụ e meriri na Russia.

disintegration

Ma akara aka nke a nnokota e anọkwasị. Mgbe Napoleon e meriri na "Agha nke Nations" na gburugburu Leipzig, n'otu dara iche. Germany ọzọ ekewa, na ókè-ala na-kpebisie ike site ọchịchị ala ọzọ na ndị Congress nke Vienna. German nọgidere ezughi ezu. N'otu oge Nsọ Alaeze Ukwu Rom na-adịghị weghachiri eweghachi.

Ma ọ bụ ezie na nnwale okpu, Confederation nke Rhine, onye n'usoro ochichi e kuchiri na oyiyi nke French, nwere ihe dị mkpa na ahụmahụ. Mgbe e mesịrị, na Germany, e nwere ndị ọzọ njikọ aka German na-ekwu, ha nakweere ụfọdụ atụmatụ nke Napoleonic e kere eke.