Dị ka a kọwara ike metal

Mmetụta ike - ike nke dị iche iche ihe na-banye ike nke mmetụta ibu nke ahụ bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị mkpa egosi nke ike. The ike nke a na ihe onwunwe na-kpebisiri ike site mmetụta ekwe akụkụ anọ sample ihe onwunwe, na-eme atụmatụ na-arụ ọrụ na-agbawa ma ọ bụ mgbaji ọkpụkpụ nke sample na ụfọdụ mmetụta ibu, nke bụ ihe ọtụtụ nke ike. Akọwapụta ya a rụrụ na a pụrụ iche ngwaọrụ - pendulum. Sample ihe notched n'etiti ule, ndị pendulum bibie ya na a mma. a metal egosi ule nwere ike na-akpa àgwà na okpomọkụ si na -100 ° C na 1200 ° C, dabere na metal na ule na nzube. Metal ike bụ ihe ọtụtụ nke ntụkwasị obi nke a na ihe onwunwe nke na-egosi ike iguzogide mgbaji ọkpụkpụ mere site tensile nchegbu n'etiti atọm.

The uru nke ike nke ígwè kpebisiri ike site ịdị ukwuu nke na-arụ ọrụ, nke bụ zuru ezu na-agbaji sample nke ígwè. Ọ na-egosi na set nke akwụkwọ ozi na nọmba. The mbụ akwụkwọ ozi abụọ - a nnọchianya nke ike (Cop). The atọ akwụkwọ ozi na-egosi na a concentrator. Mgbe ahụ e nwere nọmba. The mbụ n'ime ha na-anọchi anya na kacha ike nke pendulum pin, nke abụọ ehiwe na-egosi na ịdị omimi, na nke atọ - na ule sample n'obosara. Ọ bụrụ na ndị sample a na-anwale na-ebelata ma ọ elu okpomọkụ, mgbe ahụ, n'ihu kpọmkwem space index, nke pụtara na okpomọkụ larịị na nke ule e rụrụ.

The dobe na ike nke ọla na elu okpomọkụ Mbelata bụ ihe na-egosi oyi brittleness. Oyi brittleness - bụ onye na-abawanye na brittleness nke ọla na ala okpomọkụ. Na onu nke oyi cracking, kpughere ala alloy steels na ụfọdụ ndị ọzọ ọla - tantalum, tungsten, chromium, molybdenum, nke ndị mejupụtara a cubic lattice obemotsentrirovannoy metal atọm. Ike metal na-adabere isi na okpomọkụ.

Ike nke ígwè na-adabere na Ọdịdị nke ule ígwè, tinyere ọka na ya ịdị ukwuu bụ ezi egosi àgwà nke metal. Ya mere, ule nke ike nile. The okpomọkụ nso nke ike nke ígwè mbelata sharply, na-akpọ domain nke kwes brittleness. Na ọ dị mkpa na a na mpaghara nwetaghi okpomọkụ brittleness nke nchara na-arụ ọrụ okpomọkụ. Ndị ọzọ okwu, na-arụ ọrụ okpomọkụ nke metal ngwaahịa ga-adị elu karịa fọrọ n'ofè nke-amalite brittleness okpomọkụ mpaghara. Nke a bụ iji hụ na ihe-nkọwa nke ihe onwunwe na-na-amalite na ịgbawa na na ọgwụgwụ bụghị doro mbibi. Criterion ubi okpomọkụ brittleness ihe jikọrọ ya na mmetụta nke ọla viscosity larịị.

Kacha ike steels nwere thermally emeso nchara na jụụ n'ekwú ígwè embrittlement okpomọkụ region egosi nke ka ha inweta ndị dị otú ahụ e ji mara. N'ihi na onye ọ bụla na ụdị ígwè GOST akọwaputa a okpomọkụ na nke ike na-kpebisiri ike dị ka nke ọma dị ka okpomọkụ nke bụ kacha maka ojiji na a kpọmkwem ụdị ígwè. Ike nke ígwè na-adabere ọ bụghị nanị na okpomọkụ ma na-si dị iche iche adịghị, ọnụnọ nke alloying ọcha na nchara mejupụtara. Akpụ a ígwè ngwaahịa quenching owuwu kpọrọ lowers ike ígwè. Ihe atụ, mgbe ịgbado ọkụ na a akpan akpan technology emeghasịkwa nke martensite kpụrụ, na ike nke Weld metal mpaghara nwere ike belata ugboro 13.