Ethmoid ọkpụkpụ nke okpokoro isi. Paired na unpaired ọkpụkpụ nke okpokoro isi

Paired na unpaired cranial ọkpukpu-etolite ọkpọ isi. Ụfọdụ ọcha nwere a ogbo-dị ka ihe owuwu, ndị ọzọ - mbuaha na ewepụghị. Ọzọ, tụlee ihe na-eme ka elu nke okpokoro isi. Ọkpụkpụ aha, ha na ọnọdụ a na-akọwara na isiokwu.

Isi

The okpokoro isi na-ekenyela ìgwè abụọ. Ha ịdị iche na ha ọrụ na mmepe. Ọkpụkpụ nke okpokoro isi nke nwa nwere onwe ha e ji mara. Brain ngalaba Nleta a oghere n'ihi na ụbụrụ na a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke uche ziri ezi. O nwere ihe ọkpụkpụ nke cranial uko na isi. Na nke abụọ (onye) Division nwere fọrọ nke nta niile uche ziri ezi. A kwa na e nwere na mbụ agba nke digestive na akụkụ okuku ume na usoro.

ụbụrụ ngalaba

Ọ nwere asatọ ọkpụkpụ. Abụọ n'ime ha - paired. Nke a temporal na parietal mmiri. Ndị fọdụrụ ọkpụkpụ - unmatched. Brain ngalaba nwere ụfọdụ peculiarities. Calvarial ọkpụkpụ awade elu na ime efere nke kọmpat umi na odude n'etiti nzà Ọdịdị. Nke ikpeazụ a na-akpọ "diploe". Nke a na umi ijupụta ọwa, nke e nwere na veins diploic.

The elu efere nwere a ezigbo n'elu. Ọ kpuchie periosteum. Akpọ n'ime efere nke e dere ihe Dura. Ọ bụ mkpa na-agụnye a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke organic ogige ma maloorganicheskih. Ya mere, nke a mmewere bụ dị iche iche brittleness na fragility. Mgbe cranial mkpasasị uche ya mgbaji ọkpụkpụ na-eme ọtụtụ ugboro karịa imebi elu efere.

The periosteum bụ a siri ike anọ na nke ọkpụkpụ na nkwonkwo ebe. Na ike nke ogologo ya njikọ bụ rụrụ ezuru. Periosteum egbochi cellular ohere n'ime ókè nke a otu ọkpụkpụ. Nkebi nke a na-eleghị anya e guzobere hematomas na ahụ etuto.

The n'ime elu nke ụbụrụ ngalaba

Na ya, na e nwere Ikuku na elevations. Ha ederịta akwụkwọ ozi ahụ sulci na gyri nke ụbụrụ. Ọ na-akpa nkata iche imi na arịa dabara ike shei. N'ebe ụfọdụ na okpokoro isi e nwere oghere. Ha na-iji emissarnyh veins na jikọọ venous sinuses shei, ime na diploic arịa. The kasị oghere na-atụle mastoid na parietal. Ụfọdụ agba, dị ka ndị frontal ọkpụkpụ nke okpokoro isi nwere cavities. Ha na-agbakọta na mucosa na-ejupụta na ikuku. Otu Ọdịdị bụ ihe e ji mara nke lattice, temporal na sphenoid ọkpụkpụ, na maka elu agha. A ọcha na-akpọ pneumatic.

Frontal okpokoro isi ọkpụkpụ

Ọ na-agụnye akpụ ụlọ na isi na-ebupụta nke gọzie gị oghere na anya sockets. Okenye, ọ bụ unpaired ọkpụkpụ nke okpokoro isi. Na ya na-akwanyere ùgwù akpịrịkpa na ụta. Ọzọkwa, ọ na-emi esịnede orbital ngalaba. Mpụta na ala akụkụ nke ọkpụkpụ ugbu ogologo zygomatic usoro. Up n'ebe onye ọ bụla nke ha ụgha temporal akara. Ọ na-ekewa ndị temple si n'ihu elu nke frontal n'akụkụ nke akpịrịkpa. Spines na nke na-ejikọrọ na otu, inyịme si agba.

ọnụ ọgụgụ

Ọ bụ kasị ebe nke ọkpụkpụ. Akpịrịkpa kpụrụ nke abụọ halves. Parts jikọọ site a frontal Weld. N'ihi na afọ ise ọ na-emekarị na-etolite. Mgbe ụfọdụ, ndị onuete na-nọgidere na-enwe na frontal nke na-anọgide na kewara. The akpịrịkpa iche n'ime na elu na-ebupụta. First - ezigbo, o nwere a convex udi. On ma n'akụkụ nke onuete anya frontal protuberance (paired). N'okpuru ya na ma akụkụ bụ a ala na-enwe a mpekere onwa udi (brow). Ya udi na size na-adabere na onye Ọdịdị nke isi ọkpụkpụ. N'etiti nku anya na bumps kpụrụ ezigbo elu - glabella.

The elu n'akụkụ nke ọnụ ọgụgụ na-kewapụrụ n'ebe ndị orbital kaadị supraorbital onu (paired). Odika e nrọ na center. Emi odude n'ime frontal ezumike. Mgbe ụfọdụ, ndị fillet-aga n'ime onu. Therethrough ụgha akwara na arịa. The n'ime akụkụ nke concave akpịrịkpa. N'elu bụ ọbara grooves, na center - na crest. Ọ na-Mbipụta convolutions hụrụ. Frontal riiji-akpali n'ime furrow elu sagittal imi. Ná mmalite nke elu nke ala e a ìsì onu. The n'akụkụ nke furrow odude fossa arachnoid granulations si.

orbital ngalaba

Ọ na-anọchi anya ọkpụkpụ efere quadrangular oge ufodu udi. Ọ iche ala (orbital) na elu (ụbụrụ) n'elu. First - ezigbo - dabeere na orbit. Ya anterolateral nke ebe lacrimal gland emi odude dimple, medial na n'ihu - Bloc anyịnwa ịhụkwu. Brain akụkụ eduzi n'ime cranial oghere mejupụtara Ikuku na elevations convolutions therebetween.

gọzie gị ngalaba

Nke a na akụkụ na-emi odude n'etiti orbital zones. Ọ na-anọchi anya a ọkpụkpụ òkè, nke encloses n'akụkụ na n'ihu okporo clipping. Side ma n'azụ ihu articulated na efere ihu na ihu n'akụkụ - na ọ dịghị òkè ọcha na maxillary abụba. N'ebe a na-ogwu - spain imi. Ọ atụ ke guzobe nke nkebi. The n'azụ akụkụ nke ụta bụ mkpụrụ ndụ. Ha na-na kọntaktị na otu n'oghere ethmoid ọkpụkpụ. N'ihi bụ ha n'elu ụlọ.

Na nke ọ bụla n'akụkụ n'etiti ọnu na lattice na ịcha si gọzie gị spain nwere aperture imi. Ọ na-eduga ná ekpe na nri halves nke onu. Okenye, na nke nke sinuses bụ dị iche iche. Ọ na-agbakọta na mucous akpụkpọ ahụ. Frontal imi emepe ba n'etiti dịghị òkè Itie.

osifikeshịọn

Mmepe nke frontal ọkpụkpụ na-abịa site abụọ emmepe. Ha na-guzobere site na njedebe nke ọnwa nke abụọ nke antenatal oge gburugburu supraorbital mpaghara. The frontal ọkpụkpụ nwa ọhụrụ na-agụnye abụọ iche iche ọcha. Ha jikọọ na abụọ n'afọ post-partum oge. Up afọ ise na-emekarị na-anọgide anya onuete n'etiti halves.

Ethmoid ọkpụkpụ nke okpokoro isi

Ọ mejupụtara abụọ efere. Otu bụ kwụ, perpendicular nke ọzọ gafee. Ọzọkwa a unpaired ọkpụkpụ nke okpokoro isi na-agụnye a maze. Ọzụzụ a na-agụnye pneumatic mkpụrụ ndụ. Labyrinth na-paired nke. Sel si n'akụkụ nke ọ bụla n'akụkụ aka efere na-ekwurịta okwu ọ bụla ọzọ na na gọzie gị oghere. Ethmoid ọkpụkpụ nke okpokoro isi bụ na nrọ. Efere mmewere na-ezo aka na ụbụrụ ngalaba. The n'akụkụ ndị ọzọ na-eme ka ethmoid ọkpụkpụ nke okpokoro isi, na-etinye aka na guzobe nke medial n'akụkụ nke anya sockets na ọ dịghị òkè oghere mgbidi.

Kwụ n'azụ efere articulates na tapered mmewere. The n'ihu na ndị dị n'akụkụ ya bụ mmasị na frontal ọkpụkpụ. Na na efere a plurality nke oghere bụ ugbu. Ha na-bu n'obi Itie Filiks olfactory irighiri akwara. On Central akara nke efere gbatịrị gaba n'iru ka a na-akpọ cockscomb. Ọ na-sonyeere ke n'ihu ọgwụgwụ nke a ọrịa ụbụrụ sickle. N'ihu riiji ụgha paired abụba - nku. Perpendicular hexagonal efere nwere oge ufodu udi. Ọ Nleta n'ihu n'ógbè gọzie gị septum.

labyrinth

Ya mkpụrụ ndụ na-ekewa atọ dị iche iche. Ha na-kewapụrụ onye ọ bụla ọzọ, ma ọ bụghị n'ụzọ doro anya. Igbunye azụ, a n'ihu ma a n'etiti otu. On mpụta n'akụkụ nke mkpa orbital efere mkpuchite. Ọ na-gbakwasara na uji eze nke orbit nke ya free n'elu. Site n'ime, naanị a obere akụkụ nke cell kpuchie bụrụ naanị ọkpụkpụ ọkpụkpụ efere. Ọtụtụ n'ime ha anọ na-emeghe. Ha na-ekpuchi n'akụkụ frontal, Palatine, lacrimal na sphenoid ọkpụkpụ na elu agha.

Medial n'akụkụ nke labyrinth akọwapụta elu n'ógbè gọzie gị oghere. Ọ nwere ihe abụọ mkpa efere - shei (n'etiti na elu). E nwekwara a nko ekara abụba. E nwere a ọdịiche dị n'etiti na-asa - nke a bụ nke elu dịghị òkè Itie. Behind na ubé n'elu elu ezumike, mgbe ụfọdụ, ọ chọpụtara ọzọ - kasị elu. Shells nke na-agụnye ya mejupụtara ethmoid ọkpụkpụ nke okpokoro isi, ịdị iche iche na-aba na udi, akọwapụta a dị iche iche na ogologo na ịdị omimi nke nwoke ọ dịghị òkè amaokwu.

isi ọkpụkpụ ụlọ

Cranial uko na ihu frontal okpomọọkụ bụ. Ọ nwere elu: brow ridges na ugwu. N'azụ ụlọ Nleta occipital ọkpụkpụ. Na nke ọ bụla n'akụkụ nke ya obere parietal ihe. Site zygomatic usoro nke frontal ọkpụkpụ na n'elu ụlọ nke temporal agba arcuate akara. Ọ naghị ekwe n'elu onu, nke n'aka nke ekewapụ infratemporal crest si na otu uzo.

compound ọcha

Articulated okpokoro isi ọkpụkpụ (table n'okpuru nkenke na-egosi ụdị nke connection) nọgidere n'ihi na ọtụtụ akụkụ. The isi ụdị na-abutting na synchondrosises syndesmoses. The ala n'agba jikọọ temporo-mandibular nkwonkwo, na sublingual so - site na muscle emep uta eri. Syndesmoses anọchi anya fibrotic articulation na a dịgasị iche iche nke seams. Dị ka a na-achị, ha aha ii karị ejikọ ọkpụkpụ. Otú ọ dị, e nwere seams nke nwere onwe ha aha. Ka ihe atụ, articulation nke ndị parietal ọkpụkpụ mere sagittal, frontal na parietal - coronal agịga na na.

Synchondrosises dị ka cartilage ogige. Ha na-hụrụ tumadi na cranial isi. Ụmụ syndesmosis ọkọnọ na connective anụ ahụ membranes. Ha na-akpọ fontanelles.