Formula agha. The ike - usoro (Physics)

Okwu ahụ bụ "ike" bụ nnọọ ebe nile nke na-enye ya a doro anya echiche - a ọrụ fọrọ nke nta agaghị ekwe omume. Dịgasị iche iche nke muscle ike ike nke uche na-adịghị na-ekpuchi dum ụdịdị dị iche iche nke agbakwunyere na echiche ya. The ike, na-ewere dị ka a na-ahụ nke ukwu nwere a doro anya pụtara na definition. The usoro na-akọwa mgbakọ na mwepụ nlereanya nke ike: ike vesos isi kwa.

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke nnyocha ike na-agụnye definition dabere na parameters na ibuo àmà nke dependency.

Ike na Physics

The ike - a ọtụtụ nke na-na mmekọrịta nke ozu. Mmegwara edinam ozu na onye ọ bụla ọzọ kpamkpam na-akọwa usoro metụtara na mgbanwe ọsọ ma ọ bụ na deformation nke aru.

Dị ka anụ ahụ nke ukwu nwere a ike unit (na SI usoro - Newton) na ngwaọrụ maka ya n'ihe - dynamometer. Dynamometer ụkpụrụ nke ime ihe dabeere na tụnyere nke ike na-eme na ozu na-agbanwe ike nke spring dynamometer.

N'ihi na ike nke 1 Newton ike na nakweere, n'okpuru nduzi nke a arọ ahụ nke 1 n'arọ agbanwe ya ọsọ nke 1 m maka 1 abụọ.

Ike dị ka a vector ibu kọwara:

• ntụziaka nke ihe;
• n'ókè nke na ngwa;
• modul, onye zuru uru.

Na-akọwa mmekọrịta bụchaghị na-egosi ndị a kwa.

Ụdị nke eke interactions: ndọda, akpa, ike, na-adịghị ike. Ndọda ike (na ike nke ike ndọda na ya dịgasị iche iche - ike nke ike ndọda) adị n'ihi na mmetụta nke ndọda ubi gburugburu ọ bụla ahụ na-enwe uka. The ọmụmụ ubi nke gravitation na-okokụre ma. Chọta isi iyi nke ubi bụ ma o kwere omume.

A ibu ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị agha na-ebilite si akpa mmekọrịta nke atọm na-eme ka umi.

mgbali ike

Mgbe imeghachi omume na Earth ahụ ọ na-akpa mgbali n'elu. Nrụgide ndị agha, nke usoro bụ nke ụdị: P = mg, kọwaa site aru uka (m). Osooso mpo (g) nwere dị iche iche ụkpụrụ dị iche iche latitudes nke Earth.

The ike nke vetikal mgbali bụ hà na ịdị ukwuu na-abụghị na direction na-agbanwe ike ịda na support. Formula agha otú dịgasị na ije nke ahu.

Mgbanwe ahu arọ

ihe nke ahụ na-akwado ruru ka mmekọrịta na Earth ugboro ugboro kwuru na dị ka ịdị arọ nke ahụ. -Akpali mmasị, na uru nke ịdị arọ ahụ na-adabere na osooso nke ngagharị na vetikal direction. N'ihe banyere ebe direction na ncherita-osooso nke free ọdịda osooso, ibu ibu emee. Ọ bụrụ na osooso nke ahụ ahụ na-ekwekọ n'àgwà ntụziaka nke ike ndọda, na arọ ahụ belata. Dị ka ihe atụ, mgbe a inwego, na nmalite nke mgbake a onye na-ele ndị ibu ibu ruo oge ụfọdụ. Rụrụ ụka na ya uka na-na-agbanwe agbanwe, ọ dịghị mkpa. N'otu oge anyị na-eso echiche nke "ịdị arọ nke ahụ" na "uka".

na-agbanwe ike

Mgbe ahụ na udi mgbanwe (deformation) e nwere ike na-achọ ka ịlaghachi ahụ akpasarade udi. Nke a na ike e nyere aha "na-agbanwe ike". Ọ na-ebilite n'ihi na electric mmekọrịta nke ahụ na-eme ka ahụ ahụ.

Tụlee a dị mfe nje: erughị ala na mkpakọ. Ndinyanade mbịne na-esonyere na-abawanye na ndị linear akụkụ nke ozu, mkpakọ - mbenata ha. Ibu ihe e ji mara na Filiks na-akpọ ozu elongation. Ịpụta ya "x". Formula agbanwe ike bụ kpọmkwem yiri ka elongation. Onye ọ bụla n'ịnwụ deformation nwere ya geometrical na n'ụzọ anụ ahụ kwa. The ndabere nke na-agbanwe deformation eguzogide nke ahụ ahụ na Njirimara nke ihe onwunwe site na nke ọ mere kpebisiri ike site na-agbanwe ọnụọgụ a na-akpọ ya isi (k).

Mathematical nlereanya nke na-agbanwe na mmekọrịta a kọwara Hooke iwu.

Force N'ịbụ deformation nke ahụ, na-eduzi megide ntụziaka nke Ndahie nke onye akụkụ ahụ bụ ihe ra nrata nye ya elongation:

• F _y = -kx (na vector notation).

The ịrịba ama "-" na-egosi ndị na-abụghị ntụziaka nke deformation na ike.

Na scalar ụdị, na-ezighị ezi ihe ịrịba ama bụ na-anọghị. The resilient ike, a usoro nke nwere ndị na-esonụ ụdị F _y = kx, a na-eji nanị n'oge na-agbanwe deformation.

The na mmekọrịta nke ndọta na ugbu a

Mmetụta nke ndọta na a kpọmkwem ugbu a kọwara na Ampere iwu. The ike na nke ndọta omume na a ugbu a-ebu eduzi enịm na ya, a na-akpọ Ampere ike.

Mmekọrịta nke magnetik n'ubi na a na-akpụ akpụ electric ụgwọ na-akpata a ike pụta ìhè. Ampere si usoro nke nwere ụdị F = IBlsinα, na-adabere na magnetik itinye n'ọkwa ubi (B), na-arụsi ọrụ ike akụkụ ogologo nke onye na-eduzi (l), ugbu a (m) na-eduzi na n'akuku n'etiti ugbu a direction ígwé na itinye n'ọkwa.

Ekele ọhụrụ na nduzi nwere ike rụrụ ụka na ndọta vector omume nwere ike ịgbanwe mgbe n'usoro onye na-eduzi ma ọ bụ ugbu a mgbanwe direction. Aka-ekpe iwu-enye gị ohere ka ntụziaka nke edinam. Ọ bụrụ na ekpe ogwe aka positioned nke mere na magnetik itinye n'ọkwa vector esịne ke palm, mkpịsị aka anọ na-eduzi ugbu a na onye na-eduzi, mgbe ahụ, kpudo site 90 ^Celsius mkpịsị aka ga-egosi na ntụziaka nke ndọta.

The ojiji nke a mmetụta ụmụ mmadụ hụrụ, ihe atụ, na electric Motors. Adiana nke rotor mere site ndọta kere a dị ike electromagnet. ike usoro enye ihe na-egosi na o na-mgbanwe nke engine ike. Na-abawanye na amperage ma ọ bụ ịdị ukwuu nke ubi torque abawanye, nke na-eduga na-abawanye na engine ike.

Urughuru trajectories

Mmekọrịta nke magnetik n'ubi na a ụgwọ ọtụtụ-eji uka-spectrographs n'ọmụmụ elementrị ahụ.

Action a na ubi na-akpata a agha, a na-akpọ Lorentz ike. Mgbe agbara ndi mmadu n'ime ndọta-akpụ akpụ na a ụfọdụ ike ọsọ nke ebubo urughuru Lorentz agha, a usoro nke nwere ụdị F = vBqsinα, na-akpata ije nke ahụ tinyere gbaa.

Na nke a mgbakọ na mwepụ nlereanya v - modul urughuru ike ọsọ, eletriki ụgwọ nke - q, - magnetik itinye n'ọkwa ubi, α - n'akuku n'etiti ike ọsọ na magnetik itinye n'ọkwa.

A urughuru-akpụ akpụ na a gburugburu (ma ọ bụ ihe aak nke a gburugburu), ebe ọ bụ na ike na-agba na-eduzi na n'akuku nke 90 ^Celsius ka ọ bụla ọzọ. Na-agbanwe agbanwe ntụziaka nke linear ike ọsọ na-akpata osooso.

Aka-ekpe-achị, tụlere n'elu, pụtara na ọmụmụ nke Lorentz agha, ma ọ bụrụ na ekpe ogwe aka positioned nke mere na magnetik itinye n'ọkwa vector esịne ke palm, mkpịsị aka anọ inyịme na a akara e zitere ọsọ nke a ghaghị ebubo urughuru, mgbe ahụ, kpudo site 90 ^Celsius isi mkpịsị aka na-egosi na nduzi nke ike.

plasma nsogbu

The na mmekọrịta nke ndọta na bekee eji na cyclotrons. The nsogbu metụtara na laabu ọmụmụ nke plasma-adịghị ekwe ka na-ya na mechiri emechi arịa. Ukwuu ionized gas nwere ike ịdị na na elu okpomọkụ. Anọgide na-adị plasma na a otu ebe ohere bụ kwe omume site magnetik n'ubi, na spinning gas na-etolite a mgbanaka. Achịkwa ite Jeremaya mere nwere ike na-amụ dị ka a elu-okpomọkụ plasma spinning udo site magnetik n'ubi.

Otu ihe atụ nke ndọta na vivo ka ionized gas - Aurora. Nke a dị ebube n'anya na-hụrụ na Arctic gburugburu n'ebe ịdị elu nke 100 km n'elu ụwa elu. Omimi yi achasi gas nwere ike ịkọwa naanị na nke iri abụọ na narị afọ. Ụwa ndọta nso okporo osisi enweghị ike igbochi penetration nke anyanwụ ifufe na ikuku. The kasị ike radieshon na-eduzi ndị na edoghi nke magnetik itinye n'ọkwa, na-eme ionization nke ikuku.

Ebibi metụtara ikwu ngagharị

Mere, isi nke ukwu e ji mara na nke ugbu a eruba na-eduzi, na-akpọ ugbu a. -Akpali mmasị, nke a echiche bụ ihe ọ bụla na-eme na ike na-adịghị na physics. Amperage, nke usoro nke ihe mejupụtara ihe-ndebe-eru kwa unit oge site na cross ngalaba nke na-eduzi, nwere ụdị:

• M = q / t, ebe t - oge eruba nke ụgwọ q.

N'ezie, ugbu a na ike - ego nke ego. The unit nke ụfọdụ na ọ bụ Ampere (A), n'adịghị N.

Mkpebi siri ike nke na-arụ ọrụ ike

A ike na ihe onwunwe na-esonyere arụmọrụ nke ọrụ. Ọrụ - anụ buru ibu na bụ numerically hà ngwaahịa nke ike ugboro anya gara n'okpuru ya mmetụta, na cosine nke n'akuku n'etiti ntụziaka nke ike na ngafe.

Mmasị na-arụ ọrụ ike, na-usoro bụ nke ụdị A = FScosα, na-agụnye ego nke ike.

Ihe nke ahụ na-esonyere a mgbanwe ike ọsọ nke a n'ahụ ma ọ bụ deformation, na-egosi a n'otu oge mgbanwe ike. The ọrụ bụ kpọmkwem dabere na size.