Mgbaàmà nke hyperkalemia - a ihe ịrịba ama nke a na ọrịa na nke mụbara ji ukwuu karịa 5 mmol / l potassium ozo na ọbara ọbara. Na ụmụ mmadụ, potassium tumadi lekwasị ke mkpụrụ ndụ site n'inye DNA na protein njikọ, cell ibu, kwesịrị ịrụ ọrụ nke enzymes na t. D. naanị 2% nke potassium bụ na extracellular ọmụmụ. Gbasara akụrụ na extrarenal usoro potassium homeostasis na-nọgidere na-enwe, bụ nke mbụ isi nke potassium anyụpụ, na nke abụọ Itie na-nyere site potassium n'ime mkpụrụ ndụ si extracellular ọmụmụ. Action potassium bụ inye ihe electric nwere nke cell membranes. Mgbaàmà nke hyperkalemia na agafeghị oke ogbo - Mbelata akpụkpọ ahụ na-ezu ike nwere nke akwara na muscle mkpụrụ ndụ, nke na-emetụta-abawanye na excitability nke mkpụrụ ndụ. Ọ bụrụ na ndị potassium ịta n'ime ọbara adahade 7.5 mmol / L, mkpụrụ ndụ ida ha excitability kpamkpam.
Hyperkalemia: mgbaàmà
Hyperkalemia na-esonyere depolarization nke mkpụrụ ndụ na Mbelata ha excitability nke na-akpata muscle adịghị ike, akụkụ okuku ume na odida na paresis. Cardiotonic edinam owụt elu potassium mụwo T mmiri na ebili mmiri na ngwá. Mgbe ụfọdụ, ọrịa na-emetụta ndị elongation nke PQ-nkeji, na mmụba nke QRS-mgbagwoju na ibelata AV na ọnwụ nke P efegharị efegharị All ndị a mgbaàmà iduga ventricular fibrillation na asystole.
Mgbaàmà nke hyperkalemia: akpata
Na ike ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu na-oriri nke potassium na elu doses adịkarịghị na-akpata ọrịa. The isi na-akpata ọrịa na nkịtị gbasara akụrụ ọrụ - adrenal insufficiency. N'ụzọ dị iche, oliguric nnukwu gbasara akụrụ odida na-abawanye na ọbara potassium etoju na obere okwu enweghị ụba potassium ibu. A ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala gbasara akụrụ insufficiency na ogo nke hyperkalemia mmetụta nke aldosterone erughi, nke bụ maka na secretion nke potassium. A na ọnọdụ a na-emekarị hụrụ ọrịa nephropathy, tubulointerstitial ọrịa akụrụ na emebi juxtaglomerular ngwa.
nchoputa
Hyperkalemia achọpụtara site laabu ule nke ọbara maka potassium na electrocardiographic nyochaa.
ọgwụgwọ nke hyperkalemia
The mbụ ihe ịrịba ama nke hyperkalemia ekwesịghị ileghara anya. Nnukwu mmalite, nke egwu ndụ nke onye ọrịa na-emeso ya na igba ogwu n'akwara ochichi nke calcium gluconate ngwọta ọ bụla 2-3 awa. Ịba calcium ọdịnaya ọbara ebelata na-enwekwu ndị fọrọ nwere ihe dị iche n'etiti ihe nwere na ike, na-ebelata excitability nke mkpụrụ ndụ. Igba ogwu n'akwara ochichi nke sodium hydrogencarbonate akwalite mgbanwe nke potassium si extracellular ọmụmụ n'ime mkpụrụ ndụ ozugbo. Na maka igbochi hypokalemia intravenously ndinọ insulin-akwalite ọrụ nke sodium-potassium mgbapụta, si otú - ke eruba nke potassium mkpụrụ ndụ. Iji belata ịta nke potassium na ọbara sodium Họpụtara Ịbụ ion mgbanwe resin fosfattsellyuloznuyu, mgbe mgbe, na ijikọta ya sorbitol. Oge akara aka nke resins adabara mgbochi nke ọrịa na nnukwu gbasara akụrụ odida. Mgbaàmà nke hyperkalemia nke mepụtara na nzọụkwụ wepụrụ na hemodialysis ma ọ bụ peritoneal dialysis na bezkalievym ngwọta.