Muscovy ọbọgwụ (indoutka): ozuzu, cultivation, ọdịnaya. incubation mode musk ọbọgwụ

Muscovy ọbọgwụ (na indoutka ndị mmadụ, Lat. Cairina moschata) bụ otu nọọrọ onwe ha ụdị osisi ọbọgwụ, onye bi bụ karịsịa juru ebe niile South America na Mexico. N'ihi na turkeys, megidere nkwenkwe, ọ dịrịghị. Akpa site n'oge ochie Aztec,-emekarị ugbu a fọrọ nke nta na mba niile, akpan akpan - na Russia. Great ude nwere na fanciers. Taa, anyị ga-ekwu banyere ihe bụ ọbọgwụ musk. Ozuzu, cultivation, ọdịnaya nke ndị a Pita nnụnụ ga-ga-atụle n'isiokwu na-zuru ezu n'ime isiokwu a.

obere nkọwa

Muscovy ọbọgwụ bụ nnọọ mbụ na dị nnọọ iche n'ọdịdị si n'ebo. Na a pụtara obere n'olu, o nwere a sara mbara obi, nku ya bụ ogologo ma dị ike, uko, ụkwụ - mkpụmkpụ, na-egbusi claws.

Muscovy ọbọgwụ udo, ezi gbasiri, dịtụ na-adịghị okomoko, obere susceptible ka ọtụtụ nke nnụnụ na ọrịa, ike ime enweghị esite. Na n'azụ ụlọ ìgwè ewu na aturu nọ iche iche adịghị eme ka mkpọtụ, anaghị amasị ụlọ ọrụ, ma na-na a ọgụ adịghị abịa.

The arọ nke nwoke (ọbọgwụ), dị ka ọkọlọtọ, nso 6 n'arọ nwanyi (ọbọgwụ) - ka 3.5 n'arọ. Egg mmepụta - 100-110 àkwá ọ bụla ibu - banyere 75 grams.

nụrụ ụtọ àgwà

The ezigbo nri-adabere uhie anụ. The abụba ọdịnaya, na iche, n'ihi na ihe atụ, site na Peking ọbọgwụ, ala (25%). High muscle uka. Akwara anụ ahụ gburugburu 41%. The arọ nke oriri akụkụ (ara) esịmde 800 Indoutka-atọ ka egwuregwu na magburu onwe uto. N'adịghị ka Waterfowl, ọ bụghị ihe e ji mara nke a kpọmkwem uto. Na France, a ọbọgwụ ogologo dochie ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ na udiri anumanu.

Musk ọbọgwụ àkwá na-oriri, na nnọọ tọrọ ụtọ. Ha bụ nnukwu, na a buru ibu ma na oké nkochi ime akwa protein.

adọ ụdị ụfọdụ

Muscovy ọbọgwụ na-enweghị nsogbu obe na mfe anụ ụlọ ọbọgwụ. Adọ ụdị ụfọdụ (mulard) precocity, ozu ibu - banyere 4 n'arọ. Ụmụ enyela a (akpali mmasị). nnụnụ agba tumadi ọchịchịrị. Na Europe, ha na-emekarị amanye fatten, dapụtara na a nnọọ imeju abụba (foie Gras), nke a na-amasị gourmets.

agba indoutok

Muscovy ọbọgwụ nwere ike na-acha ọcha, aja aja, nwa, acha anụnụ anụnụ. Ekesa ọhịa na agba, na Vol. H. "Mirror". Otú ọ dị, e nwere wezụga. Na Europe, n'ihi na ihe atụ, ndị ọzọ na ndị ọzọ ndị ọzọ na-abụghị ghọtara na ọkọlọtọ na agba. Ọ bụ ihe kwesịrị ịrịba ama na ha na-anụ ma na-ebute site ná n'ọdịnihu. Ikekwe anya ndị a na agba ga-ahụ ude na a ga-ekere ke ukara ụkpụrụ.

Ọ bụ uru na-ekwu okwu ole na ole banyere a monochromatic agba atụmatụ. Anyị nabatara na mbuaha na agba na-egosi na ọnụnọ nke adọ ụdị ụfọdụ. Otú ọ dị, ndị a na nhọrọ na-nyere site European ụkpụrụ. Ndị ọzọ okwu, purebred nwere ike ọ bụghị naanị otu-agba musk ọbọgwụ. On agbụrụ ụlọ ọrụ ná mba ọzọ rụrụ "distillation" nke ọhụrụ edoghi ebe na agba ndị dị nnọọ iche. Ọ dị mma ịmara na ndị a ọbọgwụ karịsịa arụpụta na itu karịa aja aja na-anọchite anya. Mixed agba na-esiwanye na igosi na European amu amu-egosi. Ewoo, anyị na-arụ ọrụ ọtụtụ na indoutkoy (na ibu oru) kpọrọ ihe ma na-ekenịmde, otú ahụ ka anyị na-esi na ozugbo e si Europe. Ukwuu n'ime, ọ bụ a aja aja nnụnụ, na-acha ọcha na obere nwa. Nke a na-akọwa njupụta nke a na agba anyị latitudes. Ọ bụ ezie na, ekele a mfe grading na na kwesịrị ekwesị ùgwù, na cultivation nke musk ọbọgwụ nwere ike inye ndị ọzọ ezi ihe. Ọ bụ omume na-enweta ihe atụ, na-acha ọcha azụ erikpu 4.7 n'arọ dị ka n'oge dị ọnwa atọ. N'ezie, nke a ga-achọ "ihe infusion nke ọma ọbara."

Musk ọbọgwụ (rock)

1. White. The agba kwekọrọ na aha. Enyene na ọ dịghị ihe ịrịba ama nke yellowing. The onu okuko kwesịrị ìhè pink, na n'ọnụ - Mkpa ọkụ. Hocks odo. Anya naanị-acha anụnụ anụnụ-agba ntụ.

2. Black na-acha ọcha. The anya na-enwekarị ìhè aja aja (mgbe ụfọdụ ìhè-acha anụnụ anụnụ), odo mbọ ụkwụ (nwa tụrụ na-ekwe). Isi agba nke feathers - nwa, na a pụrụ iche gloss (na azụ na a green tint, ndị fọdụrụ - na-acha odo odo). White feathers etolite a ụkpụrụ na mpaghara nke isi, n'olu, obi, na "mirror" na apịaji nku.

3. Brown ọhịa. Isi agba bụ chocolate. Flight feathers, cover na ọdụ feathers na-darker, na a greenish sheen. Na-eto eto na ụmụ anụmanụ na-acha ọcha feathers na nku a obere, okenye - kacha nke. Pooh aja aja, na-egbuke egbuke. Onu okuko red, nwa n'ọnụ, pigmented ke ukot. Brown anya na ụkwụ. Ime na-egbuke egbuke tụrụ. Na ndị mmadụ, nke a ghara ịdị na-akpọ bụghị nanị dị ka "red musk ọbọgwụ."

4. Brown na-acha ọcha. Ihe bụ isi na agba na-atụle a chocolate aja aja (na green tide). White feathers etolite a ụkpụrụ na mpaghara nke isi, olu na obi. Pen-nku nke abụọ iji aja aja, na mbụ - na-acha ọcha ( "mirror"). Onu okuko Red (darker n'ọnụ) na na-kwere ìhè pigmentation. Brown anya na ụkwụ.

5. Black. The agba kwekọrọ na aha. Agba nnụnụ bụ kpamkpam nwa. The azụ na nku bụ greenish tint, ndị ọzọ akụkụ - acha odo odo. Pooh isi awọ, ọchịchịrị. Brown anya. Hocks na nwa onu okuko.

6. Blue. The agba kwekọrọ na aha. The anụnụ anụnụ na agba na-kwupụtara. Onye itienna nwere ọchịchịrị gbaa n'onu (iche iche Ọdịdị nke ahụ pen). Brown anya. Hocks na a onu okuko fọrọ nke nta nwa.

7. Wild. The kpagburuibe agba - nwa, juputara n'ụtọ, na a greenish tinge na azụ na nku, odo odo na-acha odo odo na obi na ndị ọzọ. Large mkpuchi nku okenye nnụnụ ukwuu n'ime-acha ọcha, na-eto eto ụmụ anụmanụ na-ole na ole. Onu okuko na anya aja aja. Hocks nwa, mkpịsị aka ubé Mkpa ọkụ (nwere ike ịbụ acha).

8. Wild Blue. Ọ bụ predominantly acha anụnụ anụnụ. Onye itienna n'ókè site warara ọchịchịrị ìgwè (iche iche Ọdịdị). Mgbe Blue Duck, dị ka na mbụ ke ọhịa, ọtụtụ mkpuchi nke feathers, na-acha ọcha (tozuru okè nnụnụ). The onu okuko bụ fọrọ nke nta nwa, na a ntughari ka a ọbara ọbara-acha anụnụ anụnụ (ke ukot), na a gbara ọchịchịrị n'ọnụ. Hocks nso nwa. Brown anya.

9. White patterned. Ndabere na-acha ọcha. Black siri ike n'elu na-hụrụ na azụ, n'olu, opu isi, feathers primaries (2nd iji), flanks, ọdụ, na adị ka okporo ụkwụ, nku (n'ime cover pen). Ụgwọ ahụ bụ nwa, na a aga na-acha uhie uhie na-acha anụnụ anụnụ, na a black n'ọnụ. Anya aja aja, na-egbuke egbuke. Hocks odo (nwa tụrụ na-ekwe).

The mmepe na cultivation nke ụbọchị

Ọ dị mkpa na-n'ime akaụntụ ndu e ji mara nke ìgwè. Feathering indoutok nwere atọ n'ígwé: ala, obere nku na nnukwu (elu oyi akwa). Gịnị bụ ụmụ a mụrụ? Ahụ ha na-kpuchie na na ala. Nke a bụ - n'elu nke feathers, nke na-eto eto e mesịrị. Primary feathers nwayọọ nwayọọ nká. Dochie ya na-etolite Opaque pen (mgbe ụbọchị 20 si nwa na ruo ọnwa isii). N'oge na-adịghị ya na-amalite na-eto eto (na-akpọ yuventalnaya) molt. Nke ahụ bụ nnọọ ndị dị otú ahụ a oge na-echere - nke a bụ oge mgbe ọbọgwụ dị njikere maka ogbugbu. N'ihi gịnị? Firstly, ị na-ezere "stumps" n'oge obschipyvaniya, Nke abuo, na oge a na-agwụcha guzobe nke ọkpụkpụ anụ ahụ (osifikeshịọn). molting oge dịruru a ọnwa na ọkara, mgbe ụfọdụ, na abua. Nke a pụtara na ihu deadlines - 12 izu, ndị na-esonụ - 24 izu. Dị ka ihe atụ anyị nwere ike siri ike French ugbo. ihu deadlines na ndị a ụlọ ọrụ na akaụntụ maka 85 ụbọchị maka Drake na 70 ụbọchị n'ihi na ọbọgwụ. Ọ bụghị dịghị ihe ọzọ mgbe egwu na-akpọ fattening tightness. Ọ dị mma na-ọbọgwụ na galvanized ntupu (mma, 1x1 cm, na nwa ma ọ dịkarịa ala izu atọ). Nke a ga-eme ka nkụ. Ọ bụghị naanị nke ahụ, ị ga-enweta fọrọ nke nta otu narị percent lanarị! Stocking njupụta - 20 mgbaru ọsọ (kacha) kwa square mita ruo ụbọchị 10. Next ebe a na ụba. Mgbe ọdịda bụ ukwuu na-achọsi ike iji a ibu (ike achapu) ibe. Na oké ikpe adabara sawdust, ma nnukwu. Old sawdust ikpe wepụrụ na wụsa ọhụrụ. The dum awụba n'oké osimiri na-agbanwebeghị.

Green ịta nri na-ekpo ọkụ oge na-enye ohere iji belata na-eri nke na ndepụta ma nweta ngwa ngwa ibu set.

ozuzu Atụmatụ

Olee otú nwere musk ọbọgwụ? Ẹtop n'ulo ala perches, nnụnụ izu ike. Musk ọbọgwụ achọ ubé dị iche iche na ọnọdụ. N'adịghị ka perches toki, ị ga-mkpa ka a ogologo bench na a ala elu (20 cm), si a mgbidi 35 cm Obosara perch -. 18 cm.

Muscovy ọbọgwụ anaghị idi unyi na mmiri. The kacha mma okpomọkụ nke oviposition - 19 degrees, nke kacha nta - 16. The ezigbo n'ala - na ntupu (a na-ete n'elu). Cell nha - 24x24 mm. Okporo ga ogide 2/3 nke utyatnika n'ala. Mere ụdị a Ọdịdị tinyere anya mgbidi. "Ohiri Isi" (anya ka n'ala) - 30 cm Prudkyy ọkpụrụkpụ -. Dịkarịa ala 2 mm. Otu nke na n'ọnụ nke ntupu n'ala dị mma na-eme ka ndị na-adabere - mgbe nhicha ọ ga-ekwe omume na-ebuli ihe na ala. Aṅụ iyi na-etinye na okporo. Feeders na-arụnyere n'ime atọ mita nke a mmanya. N'ihi na eji ehi ura, dị ka e kwuru, na-eji nnukwu sawdust. Ebu mara awụba n'oké osimiri crude nwere ike ime ka akasiaha (aspergillosis).

Nwere musk ọbọgwụ (umu enweghị ihe) na a njupụta nke 3 g / m. Formation nke broodstock amalite maka 1.5 ọnwa tupu mmalite nke nkịtị. Ise hens mkpa a Drake. Nke ikpeazụ ga-abụ a ọnwa okenye. Na nke a na pubati indoutok abịa a obere tupu. Age ruru nwere ike nweta, na-ahapụ ndị kasị mma ụmụ nwoke nke ndị ọzọ farmed egwuregwu. Broodstock ụdị na-emekarị na May-July.

Mgbe 180 ụbọchị nke ìhè kpọta na 17 awa (tupu Ịtọ). Mode nkwado maka 4 ọnwa. N'ihi na nkọwa a na-emeso na ịkpachara anya, ebe ọ bụ na musk ọbọgwụ - nwere cannibals. Ya mere, ike (osisi ike) nke ìhè bụ gh ka naanị 2 watts kwa mita. Mgbe ị chọrọ imekwu ìhè, agba na bulbs na-acha uhie uhie (oroma uwe) na agba.

Ọ oviposition cyclic. N'adịghị ka ot weft, musk dina àkwá ruo awa 15. Anakọta ha ọ dịkarịa ala ugboro atọ n'ụbọchị (ọkacha mma ọzọ mgbe). Per okirikiri pụrụ inweta 80 iberibe.

Naani na brooding mmuo. Muscovy ọbọgwụ ke efu akwu bụghị anọ. Zere ya na ndị ọzọ akwụ, hatching àkwá ha naanị. Ọ bụrụ na ị adịghị ewepụ ipigide maka atọ (mgbe ụfọdụ abụọ) izu, nwanyi ga-anọdụ ala n'ebe ahụ n'ihi incubation. N'oge a, ọ ga-izute 12-15 àkwá.

The mmekọahụ mmuo drakes oge. Ná mmalite ọnwa nke ọmụmụ dị elu (96%), na-ada na-ebelata ka 50%. Ya mere, incubation nke musk ọbọgwụ rụrụ tumadi ke ini utọ. N'ihi na wepụ interspecific adọ ụdị ụfọdụ na-ọkacha mma mbuaha Peking ọbọgwụ na musky drakes.

Ekpu àkwá musk ọbọgwụ

Na ọ bụ na-achọsi ike ịmata? Egg Muscovy ọbọgwụ nwere a pụtara na ok shei, na-ekpuchi shei na ewepu akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ. Otú ọ dị, n'otu oge usen mwepụ nke iyuzucha gas na ndị oxygen permeability. Ọ bụ dịtụ siri ike nwa development. Adịghị ala ala àkwá echekwara maka izu abụọ na iri abụọ degrees dị iche mma hatchability karịa n'ụzọ zuru okè ọhụrụ. Wild okuko mgbe doo akwu maka nkuchi nke "bath." On ya laghachi ọ nkpatu n'elu akwu, mmiri hatching àkwá. Ke adianade do, na nwanyị na-mbịne ha ụkwụ, wepụ plenochku na si otú ahụ meghee ebe maka gas mgbanwe. Ya mere incubation ga-mụụrụ musk ọbọgwụ ma ọ bụ na-achọ ma ọ bụ na a kehoraizin ọnọdụ (dị ka ẹmbrayo amalite mma). Ya mere, ha anaghị ada nke tree mgbe ị na-atụgharị, ha na-ekpuchi okporo, ichebe ike na eri ma ọ bụ teepu.

N'ihi na àkwá nke ụdị na-ezigbo incubators kwalite serial "Universal" (IPM 15, IPM 45). Ọ dị mkpa ghara ichefu banyere obi jụrụ usoro. Gịnị bụ ya kachasi mkpa? Na 16 nke ụbọchị nke incubation (na karịrị) maka jikọtara usoro nke àkwá na-tụgharịa ugboro abụọ - 8.00 na 20.00 (atụmatụ). Ná mmalite nke iri-na-nkeji jụrụ ikuku chọrọ site abụọ drum adiana. Mgbe ahụ, ha mmiri n'ubi (4 nkeji) nke sprayer (ọnọdụ kwụ trays).

N'okpuru ebe a bụ indicative incubation ọchịchị musk ọbọgwụ.

Ogbo 1 (1-16 ụbọchị nke incubation). Okpomọkụ - 37,8 Celsius C. Rotations elu axis na 45 degrees. Iru mmiri 32%. Jụrụ na spraying na-achọrọ.

Ogbo 2 (17-21 ụbọchị nke incubation). The okpomọkụ nke 37,6 Celsius C. Adiana nke axis na 45 degrees. Iru mmiri 30,5%. Jụrụ ugboro abụọ, 25 nkeji. Spraying - ugboro abụọ n'ụbọchị.

Ogbo 3 (22-30 ụbọchị nke incubation). The okpomọkụ nke 37,4 Celsius C. Adiana nke axis na 45 degrees. Iru mmiri 28,5%. Jụrụ abụọ, 30 nkeji. spraying otu mode.

Ogbo 4 (30-31 ụbọchị nke incubation). The okpomọkụ nke 37,2 Celsius C. Adiana bụ chọrọ. Iru mmiri na 31%. Ifesa ọkara osisi. Jụrụ - ugboro abụọ n'ụbọchị nke 25 nkeji.

5 na-adọ (32-35 ụbọchị nke incubation). The okpomọkụ nke 36,9 ° C, iru mmiri 35%. Adiana bụ chọrọ. Jụrụ - ugboro abụọ n'ụbọchị nke 30 nkeji.

nri

Na musk ọbọgwụ rie? Nri nnụnụ nwekwara ike-ekewa nkebi: n'oge (chicks) na tozuru okè (na-eto eto, ndị okenye).

Ụbọchị atọ (si nwa) dị mma na-eri nri ọkụkọ (ma ọ bụ ọbọgwụ) finely dara mgbe egg. Mgbe ahụ amalite tinye obi cheese, Mash (chọrọ crumbly - dị ka mmiri ara ehi na efere). N'otu afọ na-ama na-ekwenye ekwenye elu (uke karịsịa bara uru). Na izu abụọ, ẹkenam mgbọrọgwụ. Mkpụrụ nwere ike sie, na ike ga-nri na akọrọ ụdị. Next itinye abụọ igbe jupụtara gravel (bụchaghị obere) na ájá (osimiri). Winter nri iji Alaka, akwụkwọ nri, hay. Ọbọgwụ Muscovy ọbọgwụ, nakwa dị ka okenye, dị ka Jerusalem artichokes (na tubers, na akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ). Na mgbe udia a osisi ibu na-mesịa ngwa ngwa enyene glitters, egg mmepụta-abawanye. Site oyi ọ bụ na-achọsi ike ka na ngwaahịa nke silage Raznotravie (nettle, Dandelion, chickweed na na.). Ezie bụchaghị ground, enịm ke ite (iko), bụ sụkọtara obere tinye ụfọdụ nnu (ezuru nnu ngaji 3 L) na-tọrọ n'elu aspirin mbadamba. Echekwara na a okpuru ulo dị preform.

Accelerates fattening Nsonye na nri ubé nnu sie ọka, ahụmahụ na abụba.

Ke ofụri ofụri, n'ihe banyere nri, musk ọbọgwụ nnọọ adịghị okomoko.

Ọrịa mgbochi

Onwere, na ọgụ nke musk ọbọgwụ bụ elu nke ọma. Ma, ha pụrụ ịzụlite malitere ịrịa ịba ọcha n'anya, enweghị feathers, pasteurellosis (ọrịa ọgbụgbọ na ọnyụnyụ), aspergillosis, salmonellosis (paratyphoid) na otú pụta. Iji zere nsogbu, ị ga-ewere a ọrụ obibia ndokwa nke ụlọ, okpomọkụ, ọkụ na, n'ezie, udia. Adịghị anakwere ofufe nke aṅụ na feeders. Na ebe mgbe niile kwesịrị ịdị ọcha ma na-akọrọ.

Ọtụtụ mgbe, ndị ọrụ ugbo na-azụ anụ ọkụkọ na-eche otu n'ime nsogbu ndị siri ike - "ọrịa ọhụrụ duck". Site na mmeghachi omume nke oge, a pụrụ imeri ntiwapụ ahụ na ọgwụ nje Terramycin. Ọbọ akwara nwere ike ịdakwasị mmebi imeju n'ihi ọrịa ịba ọcha n'anya. Ọnwụ site na ọrịa a, n'ụzọ doro anya, dị nnọọ elu. Nanị ọgwụ mgbochi nwere ike ịbụ usoro ịlụ ọgụ ebe a. Kedu ihe m ga akwado maka nzube ndị a? Dịka ọmụmaatụ, a pụrụ ịtụle ogwu ogwu Capevac. Ọ nwere nje virus (nke a na-atụghị anya ya, ụdị lyophilized), nje Jansen. Ogwu a na-enye ohere maka mgbochi mgbochi ụmụ anụmanụ. A na-eme ya okpukpu abụọ, na nke anọ na nke asatọ, tupu ịtọba ya, site na iji ọgwụ mgbochi. Ngwongwo - ihe na-edozi ugbo. Ọ bụrụ na mpaghara ahụ emezighị emezi, tinye aka na-amalite mgbe ụbọchị 21 gasịrị. Mgbagha - mgbe abụọ, karịa izu atọ.