Nnukwu agha nke Great Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya na akụkọ ihe mere eme iji: aha, table

A ịrịba akụrụngwa nke Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, Agha The Great Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya, na-egwuri otu ihe dị mkpa na bụrụkwa ọrụ ke njedebe nke onye nke kasị mba esemokwu nke XX narị afọ.

Ịgbaghasị nke Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ

N'ajụjụ ise afọ ise nke mere n'ókèala nke mba ndị so na Soviet Union, ndị ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme na-ekewa n'ime oge atọ.

1. Oge nke m (22.06.1941-18.11.1942) gụnyere mgbanwe nke USSR gaa agbụrụ ndị agha, ọdịda nke atụmatụ mbụ nke Hitler maka "blitzkrieg", yana ịmepụta ọnọdụ maka ihe ịga nke ọma na-arụ ọrụ agha n'ihi mba ndị ahụ.
2. Oge II (19.11.1942 - ọgwụgwụ nke 1943) na-ejikọta ya na a oké mgbanwe na ndị agha ogu.
3. Oge nke ato (Jenụwarị 1944 - May 9, 1945) - mmeri nke ndị agha German na-eme onwe ha, na-achụpụ ha n'ógbè ndị Soviet, ntọhapụ nke Red Army na mba Eastern Europe na Eastern Europe.

Otu esi malite

Agha kachasị ukwuu nke Agha Ukwuu Patriot dị nkenke ma kọwaa n'ụzọ zuru ezu karịa otu ugboro. Banyere ha ka a ga-atụle n'isiokwu a.

Agha Germany na-atụghị anya ya na ngwa ngwa na Poland, mgbe ahụkwa na mba ndị ọzọ dị na Europe, dugara n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na na 1941 ndị fascist, na ndị ha na ha na-emekọrịta ihe, ejiriwo ókèala dị ukwuu. E meriri Poland, na Norway, Denmark, Holland, Luxembourg na Belgique - bi na ya. France nwere ike iguzogide ụbọchị iri anọ, mgbe e mesịrị, e jidere ya. Nazi kpataara a isi meriri na-ebugharị na-British Army, na mgbe ahụ na banyere ókèala ndị Balkan. Ihe mgbochi kachasị dị na Germany bụ Red Army, agha ndị kachasị n'agha nke Agha Ukwuu Ndị Agha ahụ gosipụtara na ike na mmụọ na-enweghị ike nke ndị Soviet na-agbachitere nnwere onwe nke ala nna ha bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị dị mkpa na-alụso ọgụ megide onye iro ahụ.

Atụmatụ Barbarossa

Na atụmatụ nke iwu German nke USSR bụ naanị ihe a na-emegharị, nke ngwa ngwa na ngwa ngwa wepụ, n'ihi na a na-akpọ égbè ọkụ, nke a kọwara ụkpụrụ ya na "atụmatụ Barbarossa."

Ya mmepe e mere site General Fridriha Paulyusa. Dị ka atụmatụ a si dị, ndị agha Soviet ga-emeri n'oge na-adịghị anya site na Germany na ndị ya na ha na-akwado ya, a weghaara akụkụ Europe nke ókèala Soviet Union. Ọzọkwa, mbibi zuru oke na mbibi nke USSR dị.

Agha kachasị ukwuu nke Agha Ukwuu Ndị Ukwuu, n'ime usoro akụkọ ihe mere eme e gosipụtara, na-agba akaebe nke ọma n'aka onye nke ya na uru dị na nmalite nke esemokwu na otú o si kwụsị.

Atụmatụ oké ọchịchọ nke ndị Germany chere na n'ime ọnwa ise, ha ga-enwe ike weghara obodo ukwu nke USSR wee banye n'ụgbọ Arkhangelsk-Volga-Astrakhan. Agha agha megide USSR ga-agwụ agwụ site n'afọ 1941. Adolf Hitler gụrụ na nke a. N'enye iwu ya, ndị agha nke ụwa na-elekwasị anya dị egwu nke Germany na mba ndị niile. Olee agha ndị gbara ọkpụrụkpụ Agha Agha Ukwuu ka ha nwere iji tachie obi ka ha wee nwee ike kwenye na ọ gaghị ekwe omume ịchọta ọchịchị ụwa nke Germany?

Ewere ya na a ga-eti ụda ahụ n'akụkụ atọ iji mee ngwa ngwa merie onye iro ahụ na-eguzo n'ụzọ ga-achị ụwa:

• Central (akara Minsk-Moscow);
• Southern (Ukraine na Oké Osimiri Ojii);
• North-West (mba Baltic na Leningrad).

Agha kachasị ukwuu nke Agha Ukwuu Patriot: mgba maka isi obodo

Akpadoro ihe agha iji weghara Moscow bụ "ajọ ifufe". Ọ malitere na September 1941.

Mmejuputa iwu-nke plan weghara isi obodo nke USSR e nyere otu ìgwè nke ụsụụ ndị agha "Center" ya, e edu Field Marshal Fedor von Bock. Onye iro ahụ karịrị Red Army ọ bụghị nanị na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị agha (ugboro 1.2), kamakwa n'ime agha (ihe karịrị ugboro 2). N'agbanyeghị nke ahụ, agha ukwu nke Agha Ukwuu Na-eme Nnukwu Obere gosiri na ọ dịghịzi apụta.

Ndi agha nke South-Western, North-Western, Western and Reserve Fronts na-eduzi ndị Germany na ntụziaka a. Tụkwasị na nke a, ndị otu na ndị agha na-etinye aka na agha.

Mmalite nke esemokwu

N'October, a gbajiri isi nchedo Soviet na steeti isi: ndị fascist jidere Vyazma na Bryansk. Ahịrị nke abụọ, nke gafere nso Mozhaisk, jisiri ike kwụsị oge mkpasu iwe maka obere oge. N'October 1941, isi nke Western Front ghọrọ Georgy Zhukov, onye kwupụtara nnọchibido nke Moscow.

Ka ọ na-erule ngwụsị nke ọnwa Ọktoba, agha malitere nanị kilomita 100 site na isi obodo ahụ.

Otú ọ dị, ọtụtụ ọrụ agha na agha ukwu nke Agha Ukwu, bụ ndị e mere n'oge nchebe obodo, ekweghị ka ndị Germany jide Moscow.

Oge mgbanwe n'oge agha ahụ

Ugbua na November 1941, a gbochiri mgbalị ikpeazụ nke ndị fascist iji merie Moscow. A chọtara uru ahụ na Soviet Army, si otú a na-eme ka o doo anya na ọ ga-ekwe omume na-eme ihe ọjọọ.

Iwu German kwuru na ihe mere kpatara ikuku na ihu mmiri na-adịghị agwụ. Agha buru ibu nke Agha Ukwu Na-eme Nnukwu Okpukpe Na-eme ka obi sie ndị Germany ike na nhụjuanya ha. N'ịbụ onye oké iwe na-adaghị adaba, onye na-enye ntụziaka nyere iwu ka ewere isi obodo ahụ tupu oyi oyi, na November 15 kwa, ndị fascist gbalịrị igbagha ọzọ. N'agbanyeghi nnukwu ugha, ndi agha Germany gbaliri igabiga obodo.

Otú ọ dị, a na-egbochi ọganihu ha n'ihu, mgbalị ikpeazụ ndị fascist ga-agafe na Moscow kwụsịkwara.

Ọgwụgwụ nke 1941 akara nke Red Army megide ndị agha ndị iro. Na mbido Jenụwarị 1942, o kpuchiri akara n'ihu. Ndị agha nke ndị ahụ wakpoghaghasịre site na 200-250 kilomita. N'ihi ọrụ nke ọma, ndị agha Soviet hapụrụ mpaghara Ryazan, Tula, Moscow, nakwa ụfọdụ ebe Orel, Smolensk, mpaghara Kalinin. N'oge esemokwu ahụ, Germany furu efu nnukwu ngwá ọrụ, gụnyere ihe dịka firearms 2500 na tankị 1,300.

Agha kachasị ukwuu nke Agha Ukwu Ukwuu, karịsịa agha maka Moscow, gosipụtara na mmeri a ga-emeri onye iro, n'agbanyeghị na ndị agha na ndị ọkachamara dị elu.

Ezigbo mmasị gbasara agha ahụ maka Moscow

Otu n'ime agha kachasị mkpa nke agha ndị Soviet megide mba nke Triple Alliance - agha maka Moscow, bụ ihe dị egwu nke atụmatụ imebi blitzkrieg. Olee ụzọ ndị agha Soviet si egbochi njide nke onye iro ahụ.

Ya mere, n'oge agha ahụ, ndị agha nke Red Army kwusiri nnukwu, mita 35, balloons banye na mbara igwe. Ebumnuche nke omume ndị dị otú a bụ iji belata nyocha anya nke ndị agha bọmbụ Germany. Ndị agha ndị a gara elu 3-4 kilomita, ebe ha nọ ebe ahụ, ọ bụ ebe ahụ ka ọ na-arụ ọrụ nke onye iro ụgbọelu.

Ihe karịrị nde mmadụ asaa sonyeere agha maka isi obodo ahụ. Ya mere, a na-ewere ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị kasị ukwuu.

Ọ bụ Marshal Konstantin Rokossovsky, bụ onye duuru 16th Army, rụrụ ọrụ dị ịrịba ama na agha maka Moscow. N'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke 1941, ndị agha ya gbochie ụzọ ndị Volokolamsk na Leningrad, na-egbochi onye iro ahụ ịbanye n'obodo ahụ. Mgbachitere a na mpaghara a mere izu abụọ: a kpochiri mkpọchi nke olulu Istrinskoye, na-abịakwute isi obodo ahụ.

Ihe ọzọ na-adọrọ mmasị n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke akụkọ agha ahụ: n'etiti October 1941, e mechiri Metro Moscow. Ọ bụ nanị ụbọchị na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke obodo Moscow mgbe ọ naghị arụ ọrụ. Ụjọ nke ihe omume a kpatara, na-emetụta ihe a sị na ọ bụ ihe si na ndị bi na ya pụta - obodo ahụ tọgbọrọ n'efu, ndị ohi malitere ịrụ ọrụ. Ọnọdụ ahụ zọpụtara iji mee mkpebi dị oke mkpa megide ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ na ndị omempụ, dịka a kwadoro ọbụna igbu ndị mmebi iwu. Eziokwu a mere ka ndị mmadu si na Moscow bilie ma kwụsị ịkwụsị ụjọ.

Agha nke Stalingrad

Agha kachasị ukwuu nke Agha Ukwuu Na-eme Nnukwu Onwe Ya mere na mpụga obodo ukwu ndị dị na mba ahụ. Otu n'ime nsogbu kachasị mkpa bụ agha maka Stalingrad, nke kpochapụrụ akụkụ ahụ site na July 17, 1942 ruo February 2, 1943.

Ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke ndị Germany na ntụziaka a bụ ọganihu n'ebe ndịda nke USSR, bụ ebe ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka nchekwa na nchekwa na-adị, nakwa dị ka ihe oriri bụ isi.

Ọkpụkpọ nke Stalingrad Front

Ka ndị agha ndị fascist na ndị enyi ha na-ewe iwe, ìgwè ndị agha Soviet nwetara nnukwu ihe nfu n'agha nke Kharkov; E meriri ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nke ọdịda anyanwụ; Ebigara nkewa na usoro nke Red Army, na enweghị ebe ndị ewusiri ike na steppes na-emeghe nyere ndị Germany ohere ịnweta Caucasus.

Dị otú ahụ, ọ ga-adị, ọnọdụ olileanya na-adịghị na Soviet Union nke a kụziiri na Hitler obi ike na ọganihu ọsọ ọsọ. N'inye iwu ya, ndị agha "South" kewara n'ime akụkụ abụọ - nzube nke akụkụ "A" bụ iji jide Caucasus North, ma "B" - Stalingrad, bụ ebe Volga na - asọpụta mmiri mmiri nke isi mba ahụ.

N'oge na-adịghị anya, e weghaara Rostov-on-Don, ndị Germany kwagara Stalingrad. N'ihi n'eziokwu ahụ na ndị agha abụọ a bụ ndị agha 2, e hiwere nnukwu nkịta. N'ihi ya, e nyere otu n'ime ndị agha iwu ịlaghachi na Caucasus. Oge igbu oge a na-egbu oge iwe ọkụ ruo izu zuru ezu.

Na July 1942, e guzobere Front Front Stalingrad, nzube ya bụ iji chebe obodo ahụ pụọ n'aka onye iro ahụ ma hazie nchebe. Ihe mgbagwoju nke nsogbu a bu na ulo oru ohuru ohuru enweghi mmekorita nke mmekorita, enweghi mgboagha, ma enweghi ihe nchebe.

Ndị agha Soviet karịrị Germany n'ihi ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị mmadụ, ma ha dị ala karịa ha ugboro abụọ na nkà na ngwá agha, bụ nke na-adịchaghị njọ.

Mgbalị siri ike nke Red Army mere ka ọ ghara ịbanye na Stalingrad, mana na September, agha ahụ si n'ebe ndị dịpụrụ adịpụ gafere ókè obodo. N'ọgwụgwụ nke August, ndị Germany mere ka Stalingrad bụrụ mbibi, na-ebu ụzọ mee mkpọtụ, ma tinye bọmbụ na bọmbụ ọkụ na ya.

Ọrụ "ụda"

Ndị bi n'obodo ahụ lụrụ ọgụ maka mita ọ bụla nke ụwa. Ihe si na nbuso otutu onwa abia bu ihe gbanwere na agha ahu: na January 1943, oru "Ring", nke diri iri abuo na abia, malitere.

Ihe ọ rụpụtara bụ mmeri nke onye iro ahụ, mbibi nke usuu ndị agha ya na ịtọhapụ ndị agha ahụ fọdụrụ na February 2. Ihe ịga nke ọma a bụ ezigbo ihe nrite n'oge agha ahụ, maa jijiji n'ọnọdụ Germany ma jụọ mmetụta ya na ndị ọzọ. O nyere ndị Soviet olileanya maka mmeri n'ọdịnihu.

Agha Kursk

Ndagha nke ndi agha Germany na ndi ya na Stalingrad nyere Hitler aka, ka ha we ghara ime ihe n'emekorita n'ime agha nke mba nke okpukpu ato, kpebiri ime nnukwu ihe n'omume megide Red Army, nke aha ya bu Citadel. Agha ahụ malitere na July 5 nke otu afọ ahụ. Ndị Germany na-etinye tankị ọhụrụ ndị na-atụghị ndị agha Soviet ụjọ, nke nyere ha nnọchigide dị mma. Site na July 7, ụsụụ ndị agha abụọ ejirila ọtụtụ ndị mmadụ na ngwá ọrụ ha, agha agha na Dodgers mere ka ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ndị Germany na ígwè. Nke a mere ka ọ bụrụ ihe dị mkpa maka ime ka ndị fascist na-ebelata na ngalaba ugwu nke Kursk salient.

Dekọọ agha agha

Na July 8, agha kachasị ukwuu nke Agha Ukwuu Patriotic malitere nso Prokhorovka. Itinye aka n'ime ya weere ihe dị ka ugbo agha 1200. Esemokwu ahụ nọrọ ọtụtụ ụbọchị. Ọgwụgwụ ahụ bịara na July 12, mgbe agha abụọ na-alụ ọgụ na-aga n'ihu Prokhorovka, nke kwụsịrị na ya. N'agbanyeghị eziokwu na ọ dịghị nke ọ bụla n'ime ndị ahụ kpebiri ime mkpebi ahụ, a kwụsịrị iwe Germany, na July 17, agha nke agha ahụ kpaliri iwe. Nsonaazụ ya bụ na a chụpụrụ ndị Nazi n'ebe ndịda nke Kursk Bulge, ruo ọnọdụ ha. N'August, Belgorod na Eagle ka a tọhapụrụ.

Olee agha dị ukwuu meriri Agha Ukwu Patriotic? Agha a bụ ọgụ na Kursk Bulge, nke kachasị aka bụ ntọhapụ nke Kharkov na August 23, Ihe omume a dechara a usoro nke isi agha na Soviet Union bụ mmalite nke ntọhapụ nke Europe site Soviet agha.

Agha ukwu nke Agha Ukwu Na-emeri Ọkụ: tebụl

Maka ịmatakwu usoro agha ahụ, karịsịa maka agha ndị kasị dị ịrịba ama, e nwere okpokoro nke na-egosipụta oge oge nke ihe na-eme.

Agha ukwu nke Agha Ukwuu, nke ndị aha ya maara taa nye ndị ọgbọ ọ bụla, aghọwo ihe àmà a na-apụghị ịgbagha agbagha nke ike nke mmụọ na ọchịchọ nke ndị Soviet, nke gbochiri ịmalite inwe ike ịkụ ndị ọzọ na-abụghị nanị n'ókèala nke USSR, mana n'ụwa nile.