Order of St. Catherine Ukwu: History

N'etiti ole na ole enọ nke tsarist Russia, regenerated na post-Soviet oge, uche pụrụ iche na a ga-nyere Order of St. Catherine, nkọwa na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke bụ isiokwu nke isiokwu a. Dị ka na aga na afọ, na taa ọ na-setịpụrụ na-asọpụrụ ndị inyom ndị nwere ihe pụrụ iche kpọkwara tupu Russian. Otú ọ dị, e nwere ebe dị, nke a ga-atụle n'okpuru.

Salvage mmesapụ aka Catherine m

The akụkọ nke otú e nwere na Order of St. Catherine Ukwu ahụ, bụ nnọọ ihe ọhụrụ na ya omenala ngosi akpata ụfọdụ akụkọ ihe mere eme obi abụọ ndị ọzọ kwuo na Petrine oge. Ọ na-ejikọrọ na na Prut mkpọsa nke Peter m, m weere na 1711 megide Turkish agha, na biri ukwu merụsịrị ya.

Ọnọdụ ndị dị otú ahụ na ndị agha Russia, otu n'ime ha bụ ndị eze ukwu na nwunye ya, Catherine m, na-gbara ya gburugburu elu agha bụ ndị iro. Ọnọdụ bụ oké egwu, ma ọ chọtara a ụzọ nke Eze Nwanyị Ukwu n'onyinye iji ihe iri ngo na-Ottoman Ọchịagha nke niile ya ọtụtụ akụ. Na ekele maka nke a omume nke na-echekwa ndị agha si mbibi, ha abụọ si kpọọ na o kwere omume na ọnwụ nke eze kpọmkwem n'ihi nwunye-ya guzosie ike nke Order of St. Catherine.

Omume kwesiri Eze Nwanyị Ukwu

O doro anya na, ọ bụ nnọọ a akụkọ mgbe, n'ihi na ndabere nke archival akwụkwọ, a maara na otu narị na iri ise na puku gold rubles na-ekenyela iri ngo arụrụ si Turkish àkù, nke n'oge ahụ a colossal nchikota. Ke adianade do, na-ekere òkè Prut mkpọsa Danish diplomaati chetara na ya memoirs na Eze Nwanyị Ukwu bụ ya ọla-adịghị ga-àjà, na ikesa nkwụnye ego n'ime ndị bụ ezigbo ọrụ nche, na-ahapụ ndị na gburugburu ebe obibi na-azụ.

Ikekwe efu gold, na ihe ọ bụla mee, ma site n'igosipụta na a oge nke ihe ize ndụ ndị kasị elu nlereanya nke obi ike na njide onwe onye, ọ bụ, dị ka ihe àmà nke sonyere na ihe omume ndị ahụ, o nwere a Ọkaakaa ka mkpa dị otú ahụ ikpe, omume nkwado, na natara Order of St. Catherine Ukwu Martyr omume kwesiri Eze Nwanyị Ukwu. Na nke ọ bụla, ọ ghọrọ kwesiri okpukpo a elu nsọpụrụ.

The Order of St. Catherine: e ji mara na atụmatụ

Na oge site na 1714 ka 1917, a award bụ nke abụọ kasị ukwuu n'etiti ndị ọzọ kwuo nke Russia na abụọ degrees. The mbụ, a na-akpọ "Grand Cross", e mere nanị maka awarding mmadụ na-achị House. Nke abụọ ogo, mara dị ka "Obere ma ọ bụ kavalerstvenny cross" e guzosie ike maka ndị nnọchiteanya nke elu ama. The award nke a award nyere ikike na-akpọ ladies ma ọ bụ kavalerstvennogo nnukwu cross na nnọọ kwesịrị nsọpụrụ.

Onye ọ bụla ogo nke Order-agbanwe agbanwe na ya ịrịba ama na kpakpando, nwere onye ọ bụla ọzọ dị ka yie ịrịba iche. Na 1856, Eze Ukwu Alexander II nyere iwu dị ka nke, akpa ntaifiọk nrite obe na-mma na diamonds, na nke abụọ - na diamond.

N'oge ụdi oge na center nke obe, mma na gold ụzarị, enịm medallion nọ ọdụ Catherine. Na-aka nke ndị senti e debere a nnukwu cross na a obere cross n'etiti, na Palm.

N'elu isi ya e dere afo CBE, nke pụtara na - St. Velikomuchenitsa Ekaterina. Ọzọ afo, esịnede nke akwụkwọ ozi DSFR, ẹwụtde na nnukwu cross, na ẹkewetde nke mbụ akwụkwọ ozi nke Latin okwu Domine, salvum fac regum, nke pụtara "Chineke ịzọpụta eze."

Na-akpali mmasị ọ gosikwa na agbara akụkụ nke obe. Ọ dọba image ugo na ugo, exterminating agwọ na ụkwụ nke ulo-elu, na n'elu nke bụ a akwu na chicks. Ebe a bụ a Latin e dere, na translation sounded dị "Na ọrụ tụnyere di ya." Ọ nọ na-azọrọ na e mesie onye kpọkwara ọdịda.

Ke ufọt asatọ kapịrị ọnụ silver kpakpando eke n'úkwù bụ a gburugburu medallion on a red ubi, nke e sere a cross, gosikwa site e dere - "N'ihi na Ịhụnanya na nna." Okwu ndị a bụ ihe nnọchianya nke Order.

Ọdịnala guzosie ike site Catherine m

Tutu Peter m, soro, na 1725, ọ e ọdịda nke Order dịghị. Nke a na omenala ike Catherine m, bụ ndị ketara ocheeze ahụ na nyere Order of ndị inyom ya mbubreyo di - Anna na Elizabeth (nwekwara mgbe e mesịrị natara Russian okpueze). Mgbe oge nke ọchịchị ya bụ nke kasị elu nsọpụrụ ọdịda asatọ ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu si ụlọikpe kasị elu gburugburu.

N'oge ya na-achị, nke were afọ abụọ, Order of St. Catherine ghọrọ ndị kasị elu award maka nnukwu ladies bụ ndị natara ya na-abụghị nanị (na ọ bụghị nke ukwuu) maka ya ọrụ, ma na-dị ka a ụgwọ ọrụ maka ọrụ di ha bụ ndị ẹkenịmde kasị elu ọha ụlọ ọrụ. Nke a na omenala e nọgidere na-enwe ụdi afọ.

Awards natara mụrụ na nke pụrụ iche ọrụ

Ọbụna ihe mere ka ọnọdụ nke Order of Emperor Paul m, ebe e bipụtara na 1797 a iwu, dị ka nke ha, ha na-ọdịda ọ bụla a mụrụ Grand Duchess, ya bụ, nwa nwanyị ọzọ nke na-achị eze. Ebe ọ bụ na Russian eze na-ukwuu n'ime oké ihe enviable ọmụmụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị awardees ekemende ụba ukwu. Ụmụ niile nke ndị eze, ọ natara aha nke ọmụmụ nke oké isi, e ọdịda nke Order of St. Andrew.

Site n'ụzọ, iwu a butere bytuyuschey na n'oge a ọdịnala na-eji ejiji na nwa agbọghọ pinki mpe mpe akwa na ụmụ nwoke - acha anụnụ anụnụ, nke kwekọrọ na agba ákwà n'úkwù nnukwu isi na duchesses.

The ọnọdụ na awarding na Order - ya status - bụ kwuru kpọmkwem, maka ụdị onyinye ọ ga-ejere ozi, ya mere, nri-ahọpụta ndị na-aga ime e nyere ndị eze. ha na-emekarị nyere mmadụ ndị dị iche onwe-ha n'ọhia nke mmụta ọha na eze ma ọ bụ ọrụ ebere. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ọ natara maka nnukwu onyinye, mere iji gbapụta Kraịst obi fere azụ n'agha, nakwa dị ka ude nke n'uru na-elekọta nke isi obodo School maka Noble Agbọghọ.

Ekpochapụ na ụdi revival nke Order

Nke a na-eme nọgidere na-ruo mgbe ihe ndị mere tupu eketịbede na 1917. Erughị otu ọnwa mgbe na-ewere ike, ndị Bolsheviks kagburu a award, n'ihi na ọ bu n'obi maka nanị ndị nnọchiteanya nke òtù ọjọọ ha. Tụtere ihe Order of St. Catherine ama ụbọchị anyị site a iwu agbala na May 2012. Russian President Dmitry Medvedev. Taa, dị ka iso, ọ bụ otu n'ime mba kasị elu enọ.

Order of Saint Catherine Ukwu Martyr (Russian Federation)

Ka anyị biri na eziokwu na taa bụ ihe award guzosie ike site Peter I. Nke a ọhụrụ, yiri na ya akụkọ prototype nke Order of St. Catherine (RF) nwere a kpakpando na a ihe ịrịba ama na ụdị ihe oval medallion dị na etiti nke ọlaọcha-gilt agafe. Onye ọ bụla na njedebe nke cross e mere ka a anọ ọlaedo ụzarị mma ịchọ mma na iche iche site abụọ diamonds. Central medallion gbara ya gburugburu ihe ịchọ mma nke ezi enyemaka yiri mgbaaka, kpuchie-acha anụnụ anụnụ Enamel na Enamel mmasị na ya na oyiyi nke St. Catherine.

The elu akụkụ a na-nyere na a mgbanaka Insignia, on top of nke warara vetikal mesikwuru etiti mma ezinụlọ diamond akpụ a vetikal akara. Ọ gabiga mgbanaka teepu, tọrọ n'ụdị a ụta na-enwe na agbara n'akụkụ ngwaọrụ maka attaching ya uwe. Insignia nwere akụkụ nke 45 x 40 millimeters ike ofu a silk moire red teepu na-enwe a ọlaọcha discontinuous rim.

Baajị nke Order of St. Catherine kwekọrọ na asatọ silver kpakpando na etiti nke nke na-etinye a gburugburu medallion nke red na agba ya na oyiyi nke State akara nke Russian Federation, gbara ya gburugburu a ókè na e dere "N'ihi na ebere".

Naanị na-achị

Na September 2012, ndị Order of St. Catherine, a foto nke na-adade ke Isiokwu e ọdịda ka nwoke. The ọchịchị mkpebi ihe ùgwù a nwa amaala nke Liechtenstein Fall-Fein Edward Aleksandrovich maka ya ndị pụtara ìhè onyinye ichebe ncheta nke omenala nketa nke Russia, nakwa dị ka ọrụ ebere, akwalite ọdịmma ndị mmadụ na udo na-eme.