Structure nke eukaryotic mkpụrụ ndụ

All ndụ ntule, dabere na nnweta nke kernel nwere ike kewara abụọ sara mbara ige: prokaryotes na eukaryotes. Ma okwu na-ewepụtara Greek «karion» - kernel.

Ndị nke na-enweghị a ntọala, a na-akpọ prokaryotes - ntule tupu nuclear na nuclear okwu n'ụdị inclusions. Ọdịdị nke ahụ eukaryotic cell bụ dịtụ iche iche. N'ụzọ dị iche na prokaryotes, eukaryotes nwere a isi mere - a bụ na ha isi ihe dị iche. N'ihi prokaryotes gụnyere bacteria, cyanobacteria, Rickettsia na ndị ọzọ na ntule. N'ihi eukaryotes agụnye ndị nnọchiteanya nke ala-eze dịkwa ka usoro ha, Osisi na Animals.

Structure nke eukaryotic sel nke dị iche iche ntule yiri nuclear. Ha isi mmiri - ntọala na cytoplasm, nke ọnụ mejupụtara a protoplast. The cytoplasm bụ a ọkara mmiri mmiri isi ihe onwunwe, ma ọ bụ dị ka ọ na-akpọ, hyaloplasm, agaghi asu cell owuwu ndị - organelles arụ ọrụ dị iche iche ọrụ. N'èzí cytoplasm gbara gburugburu plasma akpụkpọ ahụ. Osisi na fungal mkpụrụ ndụ nwere a plasma akpụkpọ ahụ e wezụga cell isiike shei. The cytoplasm nke osisi sel na fungi nwere vacuoles - egosipụta nke jupụtara na mmiri dị iche iche bekee etisasịwo nime ya. Ke adianade do, na cell na-gụnyere n'ụdị mapụtara nri ma ọ bụ ọgwụgwụ ngwaahịa nke metabolism. Atụmatụ nke Ọdịdị nke ahụ eukaryotic cell ọrụ ruru ka inclusions na na-na cell.

Structure na ọrụ nke eukaryotic mkpụrụ ndụ:

• plasma akpụkpọ - a lipid bilayer na-edozi agbakwunyere na ya. Isi ọrụ nke plasma akpụkpọ - mgbanwe nke bekee n'etiti cell onwe ya na gburugburu ebe obibi. N'ihi na plasma akpụkpọ ahụ a rụrụ na kọntaktị n'etiti abụọ n'akụkụ mkpụrụ ndụ.
• ntọala - na cell mmewere nwere dvumembrannuyu shei. Main isi ọrụ - ichebe mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa ọmụma - deoxyribonucleic acid. Site isi usoro cellular ọrụ, mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na ihe onwunwe na-agafere nwa mkpụrụ ndụ.
• mitochondria - a organelles bụ ugbu naanị na osisi na ụmụ anụmanụ mkpụrụ ndụ. Mitochondria, dị ka isi, na abụọ membranes n'agbata nke e nwere esịtidem folds - Kristen. Mitochondria nwere okirikiri DNA, ribosomes, a plurality nke enzymes. N'ihi ndị a organelles rụrụ oxygen na-eku ume-adọ sel (synthesized adenosine triphosphate).
• plastids - bụ dị naanị na a na osisi cell, n'ihi na ha bụ isi ọrụ - photosynthesis.
• endoplasmic reticulum (reticulum) - bụ a usoro nke esisịt sacs - tankị, voids na ducts. Na endoplasmic reticulum (ike ike) ndokwa mkpa organelles - ribosomes. The tankị na-gwara mmanụ na chara n'onwe netwọk na-edozi, nke na-na-na ekekpepde netwọk onwe ya. Na membranes nke ezigbo reticulum na njikọ nke steroid lipid.
• Golgi ngwa - a usoro nke ewepụghị odnomembrannyh tank na egosipụta mmasị ka ogologo nsọtụ nke tank. Ọrụ nke Golgi mgbagwoju - ìgwè na mgbanwe nke na-edozi na lipids. Ebe a na-guzobere secretory vesicles na ihe omume na-abụghị cell. Structure nke eukaryotic mkpụrụ ndụ ndị dị otú ahụ na cell nwere ya usoro maka oke nke n'efu bekee.
• lysosomes - odnomembrannye vesicles na-ebu hydrolytic enzymes. Ekele cell lysosomes Digest mebiri emebi organelles, mkpụrụ ndụ ozu.
• ribosomes - bụ nke abụọ na ụdị, ma ha isi ọrụ - nzukọ protein ụmụ irighiri.
• centrioles - a usoro nke microtubules, nke na-rụrụ site protein ụmụ irighiri. N'ihi na centrioles kpụrụ esịtidem ọkpụkpụ nke cell, ọ pụrụ ịnọgide na-enwe ya na-adịgide adịgide udi.

Ọdịdị nke ahụ eukaryotic cell bụ ihe mgbagwoju karịa prokaryotic mkpụrụ ndụ. N'ihi ọnụnọ nke ntọala, eukaryotes nwere ikike nyefee mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa ọmụma, si otú huu anọgidesi nke ya obiọma.