The agbaze n'ókè nke palm mmanụ, karịsịa mmepụta, ojiji, na mmebi

The dị iche iche ozi na isi mmalite "palm" isiokwu a na-atụle bụ ambiguous. Isiokwu okwu - na-enye aka ma ọ bụ na-emerụ ahụ mmadụ palm mmanụ, n'ihi na ọ na-dị na nnukwu quantities (banyere 500 ise kwa afọ) na mba anyị.

Gịnị bụ agbaze n'ókè nke palm mmanụ? Ebe ngwaahịa a na-eji? Olee uru? Nke a, dị ka nke ọma dị ka ndị e ji mara nke mmepụta na ndị ọzọ eziokwu na isiokwu a.

Palm mmanụ: ngwa Description mejupụtara

palm mmanụ Source - uru akụkụ nke mkpụrụ nke mmanụ nkwụ (Elaeis guineensis). Na ya raw ụdị ọ bụ a red-oroma agba, nke e mere site na a elu ọdịnaya nke carotenoids. Inwe a pụrụ iche ọgwụgwọ, ngwaahịa na-aghọ ọbara ọbara ma ọ bụ odo odo. Red peculiar ichebe retains nri (80%) na a odo ha budata efu. Yellow iche bara ọgaranya na jupụta ọdụdụ asịd (50%), na-emebi ahụ mmadụ. The red iche ha 38%, Ọzọkwa ọ bụ ma ama tocotrienol (gbanwetụrụ vitamin E), vitamin A na-eguzogide ọgwụ oxidative Jeremaya mere.

Gịnị bụ palm mmanụ? Site na ihe na-eme nke a ngwaahịa? N'ihi palm kernel mmanụ ẹka ike isi (osisi) nke mkpụrụ. Ọ e ji a yellowness larịị nke jupụta ọdụdụ asịd, ihe dị ka 80% (i.e. carotenoids nta anọghị). Gara aga ejegharịrị ngwaahịa na-aghọ ìhè.

N'ihi na isi ngwaahịa mejupụtara gụnyere jupụta ọdụdụ palmitic na stearic acid. Onu oleic (monounsaturated ọdụdụ) acid, 40% linoleic (polyunsaturated) - ruo 10%. Adịbeghị anya na-enwe ezi metabolism na dị mkpa maka ahụ ike. The mejupụtara mejupụtara palm mmanụ na lauric myristic acid, oleic acid na linoleic acid na ya banyere 33%. The nụchara anụcha ngwaahịa ọzọ bụ nke ndị nri efu n'oge nhazi.

The nri na ulo oru mmanụ nkwụ, ngwa

The isi suppliers nke palm mmanụ bụ Asia (South East), Latin America. Egbute mkpụrụ ọnwa nọ na-ekpo ọkụ tupu mmalite nke gbaa ụka. Mgbe obụpde, kewara ndị pulp, na n'ihi abịakọrọ uka. The ndu ngwaahịa a na-akpọ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta mmanụ na adịghị mma maka oriri. Isi nke ebe ngwa - igwe, igwe ngwá ọrụ (dị ka mmanu aggregates).

N'ihi ya, ịdị ọcha nke oriri mmanụ na-enwetara, onwe nri ngwaahịa. Na ahia, ya hà bụ ruo 50%. Nke a na-kọwara na ụba ina oriri mmanụ anya nke mmachi eke ego nke siri ike na ọkara siri ike abụba. Na nri ụlọ ọrụ nke nkwụ na ngwaahịa na-ọtụtụ-eji imewe nke na-eme bred na confectionery na ngwaahịa, jikọtara Mmiri ara ehi na ngwaahịa, mma oriri, nwa ọhụrụ usoro.
Palm mmanụ na ya mmiri na nnukwu mpịakọta ndị cosmetology (ncha, ude, wdg), Nsukka nke detergents, ezinụlọ kandụl. Ọzọkwa ọ na-eji na pharmacology na mmepụta nri maka ugbo anụmanụ na ọkụkọ.

mmepụta Atụmatụ

Gịnị bụ agbaze n'ókè nke palm mmanụ? Tupu anyị azaa ajụjụ a, ka okwu banyere atụmatụ nke na mmepụta nke ngwaahịa a. Na factory ọnọdụ ụyọkọ osisi na-emeso na-akọrọ uzuoku iji ikewapụ anya. Mgbe ahụ, a raw ịkpụzi inye ya oru umu.

Na nkwadebe nri ọkwa akụrụngwa na-igba ogwu na, mgbe ahụ, gafere ejegharịrị (ihicha). Ejegharịrị agụnye ọtụtụ nzọụkwụ:

• n'oge spinning nke na-amalite ihe onwunwe-eche nche na ndị crude mmanụ;
• Centrifuge ọcha na mmiri na solids;
• hydration (mmiri ọcha) a rụrụ na mmịpụta nke phospholipids;
• site neutralization na-ewepụ free ọdụdụ asịd;
• ngwaahịa na-chaa na deodorized.

The hydrogenation (hydrogen mmasị bekee) a rụrụ iji wepụ polyunsaturated ọdụdụ asịd (PUFAs).

Na-enwe ike ngwa ngwa oxidize PZHNK anaghị eme ka ogologo oge nchekwa nke ngwaahịa (bụghị ihe karịrị ọnwa isii), ya mere site na ha, ma tufuo. Na mgbe hydrogenation enweghị pụrụ iche flavor, enye ume ọhụrụ mmanụ (deodorized). Na-arụ ọma ihicha na-enwetara a nụchara anụcha ngwaahịa na na ọtụtụ-eji ruru ka a ala-ezu na-eri, ma ọ bụghị nnọọ uru n'ihi na ike.

Palm mmanụ:-agbaze ebe Njirimara

The palm na ndị ọzọ na akwukwo nri mmanụ nwere triatsilglitseroidy (compound glycerol esters nke ọdụdụ asịd). Onye ọ bụla ngwakọta nke peculiar chemico-nke anụ ahụ e ji mara na ogo agbaze. Dabere na eziokwu, ihe-agbaze n'ókè nke palm mmanụ, na-ekwu atọ fractions (umu) nke ngwaahịa.

1. ọkọlọtọ ngwaahịa fractions e ji a agbaze okpomọkụ nke 36 ° C - 39 Celsius C. Mgbe amịkpọ, ọ na-adịghị na-aṅụ sịga, adịghị arapara. Otú ọ dị, ngwa ngwa siri ike, ya mere, nri esie on na-atụ aro iji na-ekpo ọkụ ma ọ bụ na-ekpo ọkụ.
2. Kasị siri ike nta - stearin - agụnye mmiri nke margarine. Palm mmanụ agbaze okpomọkụ bụ - 48 ° C - 52 Celsius C.
3. N'ihi palm olein ma mmiri mmiri remelt umu degrees - 16 ° C - 24 Celsius C. Nne na yiri ude, oyi kpọnwụrụ na friji.

Stearin na olein ọma na-eji cosmetology.

Gịnị oriri nwere palm mmanụ

"Palm" ngwaahịa ndị dị elu refractoriness, ogologo adị ndụ.

1. Palm mmanụ dị ka ihe mgwa Mmiri ara ehi ngwaahịa: mmiri ara ehi replacers (gụnyere akọrọ), margarines, ike cheese, esichara cheese, butter na majarin, na-agbasa, ọtụtụ ụdị nke cheese na ice ude, yogot.
2. Ntụ ọka, confectionery ngwaahịa na nkwụ mmanụ (nkwekọrịta) anaghị jizi tisaa, na adịghị ewe gbaa ụka. Iri nile di iche iche nke pastries, achịcha, biscuits na creamy oyi akwa, n'ji n'otu ogo ma ọ bụ ọzọ na-eji ya. Ọ na-eji na swiiti fillings, chocolate.
3. Olein bụ ugbu a na e ghere eghe na ngwaahịa, nduku ibe, ṅara n'ọkụ mkpụrụ, ọka flakes, ntabi noodles. Ọ nọ tupu packaged snacks, ofe mixes, Mayonezi.

N'ihi ya, ọtụtụ ndị zụrụ ngwaahịa ndị na akwa ina ke otu onu, nwere palm mmanụ.

Olee otú iji chọpụta ihe ọnụnọ nke palm mmanụ oriri

The ọrụ kwesịrị icheta na mmanụ nkwụ obi ụtọ uto, mma mmepụta nke ukwu dị ọnụ ala karịa eke ngwaahịa. Ngwaahịa na na ya na-echekwara maka ogologo oge. Ọ na-amasị na-emepụta ma na-adọta ndị na-azụ. Mgbe ị na-azụta dị mkpa ka ntị bụghị naanị na price mkpado, ma na okwu nke nchekwa:-eji obi ụtọ-na-achọ asatọ-mpịakọta hoo nwere palm mmanụ.

Note: The designation "akwukwo nri abụba" mgbe mgbe na-agụnye iji ọ bụ palm mmanụ. About nnọchi mgbaàmà dịgasị iche "cheese ngwaahịa", "curds", "gbara ụka ude", "cheese uka", "Mayonezi", "condensed mmiri ara ehi." Life (dị ka GOST) ngwaahịa emepụta na-adịghị na-emekarị kwuru na dị ka "ngwaahịa."

Kacha nkịtị Efrata na-anọchi palm ngwaahịa si mmiri ara ehi. Ọtụtụ mgbe "adịgboroja" na-ere n'okpuru guise nke butter. Natural ngwaahịa (20 umu), ji a dị iche iche abụba ọdịnaya na ọtụtụ ihe bara uru atụmatụ. Otu n'ime uru - ala butter agbaze okpomọkụ (24 37 degrees). Mara: ala ogo nhazi, na-ọzọ mfe webatara ke idem abụba.

Bụ agbaze okpomọkụ nke butter na nkwụ mmanụ? Ee, dị iche iche elu agbaze mgbe, na ngwaahịa bụ budata ala karịa nkwụ mmanụ creamy, ịbụ trudnousvaivaemym. On a na ngalaba nke ezigbo ngwaahịa nwere ndị e ji mara luster, na friji agbajikwa iberibe. Spurious ọjọọ mmanụ sikwuo ike na a friji, nwere oke na-egbuke egbuke na agba, ọ na-adịghị imebi. The agbaze n'ókè nke palm mmanụ - 48 ° C - 52 Celsius C.

Palm mmanụ: n'iji

Of nri iche palm mmanụ a na-ewere na-kasị bara uru-acha uhie uhie, retains ukwuu nke nri mgbe omume.

1. Bara uru vitamin na ya mejupụtara: A na mmetụta dị mma na visual akụkụ, E dị mkpa n'ihi na ezi ọhụụ na-akpali mmekọahụ glands.
2. Ẹsụhọde cholesterol n'ihi oleic, linoleic asịd. Palm mmanụ bụ usoro ọrụ bile eruba na digestive usoro dị ka a dum. Ha ọcha gọzie gị amaokwu n'oge mkpọchi.
3. Ụfọdụ nutritionists ngwaahịa na-atụ aro ka a n'aka slimming (2 tsp ebu ọnụ).
4. Mgbe frying mmanụ na ndị dị otú ahụ a onye ọkụ na chadit na ngwaahịa kpuchie mma crisp. Agbakwunyere na mgwakota agwa, ọ na-enye ngwaahịa crispness na siri esi ísì.
5. "Palm" masks eji maka gloss, ntutu ibu na mgbake.
6. On ya ndabere, ịchọ mma creams, ncha nke abịanyere na-emepụta. N'ihi na ndu uru na-eji na-elekọta nsogbu anụ ahụ, ya rejuvenation na mgbochi aliasing.
7. Ụlọ ịwụ na a obere ego nke mmanụ ụmụ irighiri mmiri na-ebelata nrụgide, regulates ọrụ nke ọbara arịa.
8. Ịsa powder na ya ọdịnaya adịghị emerụ ahụ ike.

Ọ ga dị iche red nri (emeso) mmanụ si oru (untreated) ihe yiri hue. Iji pụrụ iche technology na fractionation ụdị nri dị mma. Quality, n'ji uche na-atụle ga ngwaahịa "Zlata Palma" na "Royal".

Palm mmanụ: ojoo

Na-emerụ mmanụ hydrogenation gara aga. The mmiri mmiri mmanụ, saturable usoro hydrogen atọm na nickel na platinum akpali converted n'ime a siri ike abụba. Ọ bụ n'ihi na ntoputa nke trans abụba site hydrogenation, na-eme ike aghara:

• neuropsychiatric ọrịa, ebelata echiche alertness n'ihi na eziokwu na trans abụba slows metabolic Filiks nke ụbụrụ;
• trans akpasu ọbara arịa sclerosis, ischemic ọrịa, obi odida, ọrịa strok;
• transzhirovymi ụmụ irighiri na-ezighị ezi na-egosi na secretion nke digestive enzymes, n'ihi ya digestibility nsogbu na nhazi na ngwaahịa;
• ndị a na abụba na-iwe na agadi na cell mutation, nke bụ fraught na ọrịa na cancer.

Nchịkọta nwere hydrogenated ngwaahịa ga-esonyere a kwekọrọ ekwekọ droppings ( «trans-abụba»).

Ozi: n'ezie, ndị dị elu nke ogo nhazi nke, na ike na ọ bụ maka assimilation nke okokụre ngwaahịa. Ma ziri ezi ọrụ nke digestive usoro ike adabere naanị na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ: Unu ịdabere na echiche ụgha nke ngụkọta mkpọchi nke ahụ "palm plasticine". Non-hydrogenated palm mmanụ nwere ike na-afụ ụfụ naanị mgbe mmadụ ịṅụbiga ya.

Ihe kachasi mkpa n'ime "palm" nke ajụjụ

Ke ofụri ofụri, "palm nsogbu" bụ dị ka ndị:

• quality ngwaahịa dị mma maka oriri;
• oriri ọbụna mma ngwaahịa na nnukwu quantities bụ ịrụ ụka adịghị ọjọọ na ahụ ike;
• technical mmanụ kwesịrị ọ dịghị ụzọ a ga-ingested.

Mebiri nke iwu nke njem (atụ, na tankị maka mmanụ ala na ngwaahịa), akụrụngwa nhazi teknụzụ megidere Russian iwu - na-akpata ogbenye mma na shelves nke palm mmanụ. Ma o siri ike na aghụghọ emepụta ghọtara nkezi n'ji na eme ha.