The mgbidi ọkpụrụkpụ nke aerated ihe. Olee gbakọọ ọkpụrụkpụ nke ibu-amị mgbidi aerated ihe? Aerated ihe blocks - uru na ọghọm

Aerated ihe blocks, uru na ọghọm nke ga-atụle n'isiokwu a bụ dị iche iche site na omenala ihe nke mere na ha kwes conductivity bụ nnọọ ala. Nke a àgwà a na-enweta n'ihi na eziokwu na e nwere aluminum powder n'etiti Efrata. Kemgbe ngwakọta n'oge solidification hydrogen egosipụta na-ekesa, otú aerated enyefe ikpo nnọọ njọ tụnyere ot ihe. Otú ọ dị, nke a gụnyere ọzọ uru na Mbelata ke ike, nke bụ ihe dị mkpa dị ka e jiri ya tụnyere ot ihe. Ya mere, mgbe ịgbakọ ọkpụrụkpụ nke mgbidi dị mkpa iji tụlee chọrọ larịị nke kwes mkpuchi na mgbidi ike. Ọ dị mkpa izute mmefu ego.

Oke nke iche aerated ihe ngọngọ n'ihi na dị iche iche mgbidi

Dabere na ihe nzube nke ogige, na ihe ndị a chọrọ maka thermal mkpuchi nke mgbidi na ike ha, aerated ihe blocks nwere ike ji mee ihe maka ndị na-ewu:

• adọba ụgbọala;
• ancillary ụlọ ọrụ;
• Villas, e mere na-anọ n'oge okpomọkụ;
• residential ụlọ.

N'ihi na nke mbụ atọ edemede nke mkpuchi àgwà nke mgbidi na-adịghị na-egwu dị otú ahụ dị mkpa, ya mere, na-ahọpụta ọkpụrụkpụ, ọ dị mkpa na-elekwasị anya ike. Na-amụba njupụta enwekwu thermal conductivity na-enwekwu ndị ike nke nkanka.

klaasị blocks

Mgbe akafiakde ese ahịa nso, i nwere ike ịghọta na aerated ihe pụrụ ịbụ otu n'ime ndị na-esonụ na klas:

• V3,5 - a ihe onwunwe e ji mee ihe maka ibu-amị mgbidi ụlọ 5 ala;
• V2,5 eji dị ka a ihe n'ihi na ibu-amị mgbidi, ọ bụrụ na-elu nke ulo dịghị karịa 3 ala;
• V2,0 - bụ ihe, nke na-eji maka owuwu nke ibu-amị mgbidi n'ịdị elu dịghị ihe karịrị 2 ala.

Dabere na njupụta, na nkanka nwere ike ekewet akara n'ime D300 ka D1200. The nọmba ọzọ ka akwụkwọ ozi bụ njupụta n'arọ / m ^3. The elu njupụta na-egosi na bughi blocks n'ihu gị, ike nke na-enwe ụdị ihe a ukwuu ibu. Units ala njupụta ike ga-eji dị ka a na-akwado onwe mkpuchi.

usoro iwu chọrọ

Construction iji aerated ihe nke an'Iwu 501-52-01-2007 ụgbọ. Aro maka ojiji nke ihe nkanka na-atụ aro na ọ dị mkpa maka ikpebi ime elu nke mgbidi. Ọ bụrụ na-eji na-ewu nke autoclaved aerated blocks, ndị na-amị mgbidi nwere ike a dị elu nke 5 ala, ma ọ bụ 20 m. Self-akwado mgbidi nwere ike a dị elu nke 30 m ma ọ bụ 9 ala.

Na ụkpụrụ ị ga-enwe ike ịhụ na-egbochi ike, dabere na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke storeys. ị ga-eji ngwaahịa, ike nke nke kwekọrọ na index V3,5 maka owuwu nke esịtidem na mpụga mgbidi nke ụlọ dị okpukpu ise. Mee ka ihe ngwọta na otú ga-hà ma ọ bụ elu M100. Klas nke cellular ihe na atọ-storey ụlọ kwesịrị V2,5; klas ngwọta otú kwekọrọ na M75. Maka owuwu nke na-akwado onwe mgbidi ga-eji V2,5 klas blocks. The iwu kwuru n'elu na-gaa na akaụntụ ike akụkụ nke ajụjụ; banyere thermal mkpuchi, a n'akụkụ na-adịghị illuminated.

Nhọrọ mgbidi ọkpụrụkpụ

Ọ bụrụ na ị na-akpalite ajụjụ nke otú gbakọọ ọkpụrụkpụ nke mgbidi nke aerated ihe, unu mara na i kwesịrị ịtụle bụ okpomọkụ engineering arụmọrụ ma anwụ ngwa ngwa. Otú ọ dị, iji nagide dị otú ahụ a ọrụ siri ike. N'ihi ya, ọ bụ omume na-elekwasị anya na-esetịpụ ezi ihe nlereanya ụkpụrụ nke ọkpụrụkpụ na ike, nke ga-adabere na nzube. Mgbe e jiri ya tụnyere ihe ndị ọzọ, na-aerated ihe mgbidi ga nwere a nta ọkpụrụkpụ na hà arụmọrụ.

Mgbe agụ Russian ewu norms, ị ga-amarakwa na ọkpụrụkpụ nke aerated ihe mgbidi kwesịrị iru 44 cm, mgbe brik mgbidi ga nwere a ọkpụrụkpụ nke 51-64 cm. Keramsit osisi na ndị a ụkpụrụ na 90 cm na 53 cm, karị. Mgbidi ndị dị otú ahụ ọkpụrụkpụ ga dokwara gbochie okpomọkụ ọnwụ. Na aro ndị a nkezi agwa, ha na-dabere na ọnụ ọgụgụ.

Ọ bụrụ na ị na-eche banyere ihe ga-ọkpụrụkpụ nke mgbidi aerated ihe, ọ dị mkpa ka ntị ka ahụmahụ nke ụfọdụ mmepe. Na-ewu otu-storey ụlọ, na-adọba ụgbọala, esi okpomọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ climates mgbe ụfọdụ ihe, a ọkpụrụkpụ nke 200 mm. Otú ọ dị, a bara uru na-apụghị lere ya anya na-atụ aro. Ọbụna residential ogige eji aerated 300 mm.

Ọzọ nduzi na mkpebi siri ike mgbidi ọkpụrụkpụ

N'ihi na mgbidi n'ala ala na n'okpuru ala iji D600 ika ihe onwunwe, ebe ọkpụrụkpụ nke ngọngọ nwere ike hà ka ókè nke 300 400 mm. Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere na-ewu nkewa mgbidi, ha ọkpụrụkpụ nwere ike hà ka 200 ruo 300 mm, na a ga-eji V2,5 blocks, nke-ederịta akwụkwọ ozi akara ule n'ime D500 - D600. Ne mgbidi aerated ihe, na ọkpụrụkpụ nke nke àmà site 100 150 mm, wuru si nkanka V2,5, mgbe ha akara kwekọrọ na ịgba nke D500 - D600. Mgbe mgbidi na-wuru na ẹdude ogige, ọ kasị mma ịhọrọ aerated D300 ika. Na nke a, ụda mkpuchi dị ezigbo mkpa, ọ bụghị ike.

Na-atụ aro ọkpụrụkpụ nke mgbidi aerated ihe ga-sonye na akaụntụ na-ewu nke na-abụghị residential ogige site ụdị okpomọkụ kichin na-arụzi ụgbọala. Mgbe na-arụ ọrụ iji aerated ika D500, na ọkpụrụkpụ nke na-amalite na 200 mm. The ikpeazụ uru ga-adabere na ibu.

Ngụkọta oge mgbidi ọkpụrụkpụ

Ọkpụrụkpụ nke mpụga mgbidi gas ihe nwere ike gbakọọ onwe ha. N'ihi na nke a ọ dị mkpa iji mara normable thermal eguzogide uru maka a kpọmkwem mpaghara (Rreq, m2 × ° C / W), na ngọngọ ọnụọgụ nke thermal conductivity (λ, W / (m ∙ ° C). The ọkpụrụkpụ na gbakọọ site amụba ndị a ụkpụrụ. Maka ịdị ọcha ịdị ọcha nkasi obi thermal eguzogide ga-hà ma ọ bụ ukwuu karịa gosiri uru, nke a kpebisiri ike site na-esonụ usoro Rreq = coeff. a * dd + coeff b. ya dd - a ogo-ụbọchị kpo oku oge. a bara uru na-ekpebisi ike site na-amụba na quantities na na ụbọchị degrees maka otu bi. Conv. a bụ 0,00035, ebe nke abụọ na-akpata bụ 1.4. All ndị a ụkpụrụ na-nyere na ịdị ọcha norms na iwu 23-02-2003.

Mgbe ịchọpụta na ọkpụrụkpụ nke aerated ihe ibu na-amị mgbidi, nlezianya sonye na akaụntụ kwes conductivity nke ihe onwunwe, nke na-adabere na njupụta. The denser enwe ihe, na elu larịị nke thermal conductivity. The kasị nkịtị na obi ụlọ aerated ihe nkanka M500 ika. Ha na-structurally thermal mkpuchi.

Ike ika M600 blocks, ha nwere a akwa kwes conductivity, nke na-egosi na ha ga-agafe a nnukwu ego nke okpomọkụ si ogige. N'ihi na mma ojiji M400 mkpuchi blocks, n'ihi na ha nwere a ukwuu nke pores, olu nke ngụkọta ibu dị ukwuu karịa 75%. Nke a na-egosi na ihe onwunwe bụ magburu onwe na trapping okpomọkụ, ma nke nwere a ala ike.

Uru nke ihe blocks

Mgbe ọkpụrụkpụ nke mgbidi aerated ihe e mere, ị ga-ajụ ihe uru na ọghọm nke eji eme ihe ị na. Tinyere ihe ndị ọzọ uru kwesịrị mata elu larịị nke kwes mkpuchi ihe. Na ọ na-eme na-eji ọkụ na suppliers nke isi na-elekwasị anya. Aerated ihe mgbidi nwere a ala na-eri tụnyere onye na-e wuru nke brick, ma-egbochi ihe Njirimara nke a owuwu nwere ike ya hà.

Ọkpụrụkpụ nke mgbidi aerated ihe na-ekwesịghị ị na-akwụ onwe gị. Ị nwere ike iji ọkọlọtọ ụkpụrụ. Ihe ọzọ uru nke kọwara ihe onwunwe bụ elu kpomkwem na nnukwu size ngwaahịa. All a na-enye ohere ị na-ewu mgbidi na elu na-agba na na di ntakiri deviations. mpụga finishing ga-akwụ ụgwọ-ebelata, na ojiji nke ngwaahịa na ohere mpere eliminates guzobere oyi àkwà mmiri na slits.

Ihe ọzọ dị mkpa uru bụ ekwe omume nke iwepu ojiji nke ciment ngwa agha maka masonry. The ihe onwunwe bụ nnọọ eguzogide ọkụ, bụ fechaa na nnọọ mfe esichara. Ọ na-gburugburu ebe obibi mma, ọ e ji ndu kwụsie ike na ndị na-eguzogide ntu oyi.

Ụkọ ihe ụfọdụ nke ihe blocks

The mgbidi ọkpụrụkpụ nke aerated ihe bụ ya zuru ezu mkpa mwepu nke kọwara ihe onwunwe. The kacha nta uru maka California bụ 535 mm. Ọ dị mkpa ka n'ime akaụntụ thermal àkwà mmiri, nke ga-enye onye ọzọ 10% Mbelata ke nchebe. Wall bụchaghị ga-mesikwuru eriri na jumpers wusie oghere, ọ na-ebelata larịị nke kwes mkpuchi site 10-30%. N'ihi ya, ị ga-ewu mgbidi na a ọkpụrụkpụ nke 65 cm.

Aerated ihe blocks, uru na ọghọm na ị mkpa ka a na n'ime akaụntụ n'ihu na-ewu, na-eji taa maka owuwu nke residential ụlọ na owuwu maka dị iche iche na nzube. Ma, ị ga-echeta na ihe bụ ukwuu hygroscopic. Nke a mwepu nwere ike na-akpọ otu n'ime ndị kasị mkpa.

ọgwụgwụ

Mgbe akafiakde ese ụkpụrụ, i nwere ike ịghọta na ọ bụ omume na-ewu otu-oyi akwa aerated ihe mgbidi ke Central n'ógbè Russia. Ma Siberia na edere edere mpaghara, e na-na-ewu abụọ na atọ oyi akwa imewe. Ugbu a na ị maara otú oké ga-aerated ihe mgbidi. Ma tupu nnweta nke ihe a kwesịrị ijide n'aka na mara nke ọma na ins na outs, nke ikpeazụ nke bụ nke na-amanye na-eji ọkụ ime ka ha na-ahọrọ na ihu ọma nke ndị ọzọ ihe.