Transport: olu na ike nke ugbala

Na ubi nke oge a na ibu iga bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị mfe ma adaba ụzọ nke ibu nnyefe. Okwu ahụ bụ "n'ụgbọala" na-abịa site na otu agadi German aha maka nnukwu n'ụgbọala maka njem iche iche iche iche ihe. Na oge a na uche - kpuchie ibu ụgbọala na-adọkpụ, ọkara trailer ma ọ bụ ụgbọala na-adọkpụ ụgbọ nke consignments nke ngwaahịa na na-nkewa na okwu nke olu na-ebu ikike. Ibu ugbala adabere ọtụtụ afọ dị ka imewe, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke axles, akụkụ.

Trailers na ọkara trailers

Trailer - propelled ụgbọala bu n'obi ibufe moto ugbo ala (towing ụgbọala). Na-subdivided n'ime atọ ọmụmụ: trailer axles na site 1 6, enweghị n'ihu axle trailers na trailers dissolutions maka ogologo ibu. Dabere na ebe, e nwere ọtụtụ ụdị nke trailers na ọkara trailers: ime ụlọ, n'èzí, osisi, n'elu ikpo okwu, friji, dump, ala loaders na ndị ọzọ.

Ke ofụri ofụri imewe nke trailed ugbo ala mejupụtara a etiti na a ahu, nkwusioru, brek na njikọ. Kpọgide nke ụgbọala na-adọkpụ na towing ngwaọrụ nke ụgbọala na-adọkpụ ụgbọala na-ebu site kwụ ogwe aka (aro) nke dị iche iche shapes. Semitrailers ebu pụrụ iche ugbo ala onwem na-ise wheel towing usoro (oche). N'ihi ya aha nke ugbo ala - traktọ. Mgbe a ụgbọala na-adọkpụ ma ọ bụ semitrailer jikọọ a ikpu ụgbọala, dum na-ewu a na-akpọ n'ụzọ ụgbọ okporo ígwè (n'ụgbọala).

The isi ụdị nke gwongworo na trailers

Mpịakọta na ikike ugbala na-adabere na ika na-aga:

• Semitrailer. The kasị ụdị. Adabara ọtụtụ ụdị nke ibu njem. Dabere na ahu Ọdịdị na-enye ohere loading na ebutu site n'elu, n'akụkụ ma n'azụ. Bara uru olu nke 60 92 m ^3. Nnukwu ugboala arọ - 20 tọn, ma nwere ike ịbụ 25 m na elu, dabere na traktọ, eku Ọdịdị na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke axles.
• Friji. Ọkara trailer maka iga nke emebi ibu, nke na-achọ okpomọkụ akara. Kwadebere echichi ike ịnọgide na-enwe a ufọk ufene okpomọkụ na nso ⁰ C ka +25 ⁰ -25 C. Ke ebuana ye ọzọ mmanụ ụgbọala oriri chọrọ iji rụọ friji unit arụmọrụ refrigerated semitrailer bụ ihe dị oké ọnụ site na 10-25% tụnyere ndị ọzọ ụdị gwongworo. Domestic ibu olu nke 60 92 m ^3. Payload ụgbọala refrigerated 12-22 tọn.
• Articulated ụgbọala na ụgbọala na-adọkpụ (s) - etiti ụgbọala na otu ma ọ bụ karịa trailers. Bara uru ibu dị otú ahụ gwongworo-coupler pụrụ ịbụ 60 160 m ^3. Couplings adịghị adabara ụgbọ njem ogologo ibu, na uru bụ a adaba loading na ebutu. Oke ibu-ụgbọala ikedo 25 m, ma n'ihi na ihe ndị kasị quadrature njikọ ụgbọ oloko olu nke 115-120 m ^3, a uru bụ karịa 18 m anya nke imewe atụmatụ.
• Nyiwe maka arọ na oversized ibu, na-ewu ụlọ ígwè. Nnukwu ugboala arọ 40 tọn na n'elu. Ụfọdụ iche iche nke nyiwe na-enwe ike iji nagide ibu nke 200 tọn.

tilt semitrailer

Evrotenty, evrofury - curtainsider ọkara trailers, kasị dị irè ụdị ụzọ ugbo ala nke ahụ e ji ebu nke ngwongwo. Ndị isi uru - eluigwe na ala ahu Ọdịdị. Ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, ga-ewepụ okwuchi windo etiti akuku, nke na-enye ohere maka loading / ebutu top, n'akụkụ site pụrụ iche cranes na hoists. Na rastentovannom ụdị na wepụrụ si eku ike ga-eji dị ka ihe na-emeghe ohere. Ịdị Omimi nke 30-50 cm. The akụkụ na udi evrofury etozu maka loading pallet (na pallet kwajuru) ahịrị abụọ nke dum. A bara uru ego, dabere na etiti elu nke 92 m ^3. N'ịga eurowaggon, n'ụzọ dị ukwuu ekele ya egosipụta ọtụtụ ihe, ihe ndị kasị ewu ewu ọrụ ibu na ụlọ ọrụ. Ibu n'ụgbọala na 25 m.

Isotherm na friji

E na-ebuga nri na ngwaahịa, na-emepụta ọgwụ na ngwaahịa na ndị ọzọ na ibu nke na-achọ mmezi nke a ụfọdụ okpomọkụ, ihe kwes mkpuchi si mpụga gburugburu ebe obibi. Isotherm na friji nwere ike ịbụ ọkara trailers na otu ụgbọ ala etiti. Ibu ugbala na-adabere na imewe nke ụgbọala na-adọkpụ (semitrailer), ya bụ ya arọ na ike iru 25 m.

Isothermal trailers adịghị nwere onwe ha na friji unit, ma n'ihi mkpuchi ike nke na a ogologo oge ịnọgide na ẹdude okpomọkụ n'ime ibu ogige. Refrigerated gwongworo na-onwem na thermal mkpuchi na mgbakwunye na ya nguzo-naanị jụrụ usoro. N'eziokwu, friji - a mobile na friji (oyi) ụlọ. Adabara njem nke miri-na friji na ngwaahịa.

Nnukwu ugboala nnukwu ikike

Oke ikike ugbala nnukwu ike bụ ala karịa ọkọlọtọ evrofury, ma nnọọ elu nchekwa ikike.

Nke a na ụdị na-agụnye:

• Autotrains-coupler olu si 110 na 125 m ^3.
• Autotrains Mega - semitrailer na a ewepụghị n'ala na a nnukwu elu (3.0-3.1 m).
• Ọkara elu-olu Jumbo. Ike mụbara site ihe L ekara n'ala. N'ụzọ dị otú a niile ibu ogige pụọ mgbe ise wheel ajụjụ ewekarị n'okpuru RV nke belata n'obosara. Volume: 96-125 ^m3, Ibu Ibu ruo 20 tọn.

Mmachibido na size na arọ nke ụgbọ oloko na ụwa

Onye kasị ukwuu allowable ogologo na ịdị arọ nke gwongworo kwere ke Nordic mba (mbụ bụ Finland na Sweden). -Anabata kwa 60 m kerbweight (+ trailer ibu) na ruo 25,25 m n'ogologo, mgbe olu bụ 160 ^m3. A mba na-ejikwara ụgbọ okporo ígwè, nke na-agụnye a ụgbọala-traktọ, ọkara ọkọlọtọ na ịnara 2-axle ụgbọala na-adọkpụ.

Oke allowable Ewepụ Ihe Mgbochi ibu 6-axle nnukwu ugboala CIS bụ 38 m na EU - 44 m ogologo nke ọkara trailer na North American mba kwesịrị erughị 16,15 m, obosara -. 2.6. Yiri na-agaghị emeli eme n'obosara na na Europe, ma ọ bụghị ihe ime ogologo 13,6 m.