US ìhè helicopters. Light ụgbọelu na helicopters

N'oge anyị a, ụwa nke United States Air Force-apụghị chere enweghị ndị dị otú ahụ na-anọchite anya fechaa klas dị ka helikọpta bịa na ụgbọ elu. Taa, a na obere ikuku iga eji na ebe niile nke oge a aku na uba, na-eme a dịgasị iche iche nke ọrụ, dị ka ihe nchebe nke obodo iji, patrolling n'okporo ụzọ na okporo ụzọ na paịpụ maka iche iche na nzube, irube search na nnapụta arụmọrụ, nnyefe nke ngwongwo, nlekota nke oké ọhịa, ọku na-alụ ọgụ, mmejuputa ugbo eme. Light ụgbọelu na helicopters nwere enweghị atụ uru n'elu ndị ọzọ so ụgbọelu n'ihi na o na-arụ ọrụ n'ime ime obodo na-apụghị iru bụ ebe na na ebe ogbenye iga akụrụngwa. Na obere aircrafts-aghọ ndị ọzọ dị maka ke onwe oru. Light ụgbọelu na helicopters a na-eji na ubi nke njem nleta okporo ụzọ, na egwuregwu na dị ka onye iga.

Bell Model 30 - akpa US ìhè helikọpta

History nke ihe e kere eke nke ìhè helicopters na United States malitere n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ. Na 1942, Bell injinia e mere na wuru atọ mbipụta nke obere helicopters, nke na-akpọ Model 30. Nke a na ìhè US helikọpta mechiri fuselage, ọdịda gia na a na ọdụ wheel, open-kokpiiti, ahụ n'azụ nke moto echichi nke a gwa. The igwe nwere a gyroscopic kwụsie ike na ngwaọrụ na ekemende ghọrọ a ike atụmatụ nke Bell ụlọ ọrụ. Na na ọ chụpụrụ rotor na abụọ lobes.

The mbụ ụgbọ elu e mere June 26, 1943 na biri na odida: na helikọpta jiri. Na mgbe ihe ndị injinịa mere mgbanwe na Bell Model 30. The abụọ gbasirila nwere a mma ịghasa na fuselage nke "monocoque". Ịrịba Ama mgbanwe undergone tagzi Ọdịdị. Ugbu a ọ bụ mechiri emechi na ike ịnabata abụọ ụgbọelu. Ọ pụtara dị ka ụzọ kokpiiti, yiri ụgbọala.

The atọ nlereanya ALH Bell Model 30, n'adịghị ya ụzọ, anọ-wheel Chassis doo nke cylindrical udi, oghe ụdị tagzi n'ihi na otu onye ma ọ bụ karịa pilot akụrụngwa. Nke a helikọpta ụgbọ elu wee ebe na 25 April 1945 na e dechara nke ọma. Model dabeere development 30, Bell kere na mgbe e mesịrị malitere na-emepụta ìhè obodo helicopters Model 47, nke na-kọwara n'okpuru ebe a.

Bell Model 47 - mbụ uka mmepụta nke ìhè helicopters

Bell Model 47 - akpa ìhè helicopters na United States, natara akwụkwọ nke American akara ke Aeronautics. Igwe ndị a n'oge na-adịghị nweela ewu ewu n'etiti oru nke iche iche na ụdị. Na 1947, Bell ka mụtara mbụ agha iwu ka ndị dị otú ahụ helicopters. Na United States Army Air Force, ndị a helicopters na ẹkedọhọde yr-13, mgbe ke Navy - HTL-1. Ground agha nwekwara massively zụtara ìhè helicopters Bell Model 47.

Ke Ruth nke azụmahịa ịga nke ọma nke ụlọ ọrụ injinia malitere ozugbo ka bughi mgbanwe iji melite ụgbọ elu e ji mara nke ngwaahịa, nke mụbara ọnụ ọgụgụ nke iwu obodo na agha ụdị. Nke ikpeazụ e ji mee nke ọma site US Army maka eme gbapụ unan na Korean mara esemokwu. First ìhè helicopters ji site agha ke search na nnapụta arụmọrụ. ha na-aku na-enye nkwurịta okwu n'etiti ndị na-alụ ọgụ ndị agha n'oge agha.

Bell Model 47 bụ nke mbụ nlereanya na ụwa nke ìhè helikọpta, nke bụ n'ezie ihe ịga nke ọma. Ọ na-arụpụta ihe karịrị iri atọ na nsụgharị, na nwere dị iche iche nke cabins na fuselage. Ọzọkwa, US ìhè helicopters Bell Model 47 nwere ikike iji ọtụtụ ụdị nke ike osisi. Nzukọ e rụrụ na Europe na Asia. Na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ihe karịrị puku mmadụ ise n'ime ndị a helicopters e wepụtara.

Robinson R22 - a ndú n'etiti US ìhè helikọpta

Na 1973, ndị isi nke Robinson Helicopter Company Frank Robinson etinye n'ihu ha na-emepụta ọrụ: ike a fechaa abụọ helikọpta, na-akwụ ụgwọ n'ihi na mmepụta na nrigbu nke nke ga-ala tụnyere ndị nke asọmpi.

The mbụ prototype nke a obere helikọpta natara designation nke a ọhụrụ ụdị R22. Ọ na e kere a hanga. The etiti nke igwe na-mere ígwè trusses na trimmed na metal na mejupụtara ogwe. Robinson R22 nwere nchọ ụlọ mmadụ abụọ, skid ọdịda gia na abụọ-agụba propela: isi na ọdụ.

The helikọpta nke a nlereanya ọma ama on August 28, 1975, na 1979 emepụta mbụ ígwè ọrụ gara ya ahịa. Ebe ọ bụ na ntọhapụ nke ndị mbụ mgbanwe nke Robinson si injinia na-mgbe niile na-arụ ọrụ na rụọ helikọpta arụmọrụ. Ọ bụ ya mere ndị dị otú ahụ ìhè helicopters emepụta taa.

Ke adianade dị iche iche na ndi nkiti na nsụgharị, a pụrụ iche nlereanya ka ike owuwu e mepụtara. Ọ na-akpọ ndị R22 Police na a kwadebere n'ụzọ na Xenon headlamps, siren, okwusike na ndị ọzọ pụrụ iche na ngwaọrụ. Robinson nwekwara ihe nlereanya a na-enwe ike iji mmiri n'elu dị ka na-ahụ-anya na saịtị.

Light R22 helikọpta bụ nnọọ mma-ere ụgbọ ala ya na klas. O nwere ụwa ndekọ n'etiti obere helicopters, gụnyere ọsọ, elu na ụgbọ elu anya.

Light helicopters ke ọrụ nke US Army

Light helicopters kemgbe ha iwebata kemgbe ihe ntị nke US agha ọchịchị. Mgbe niile, ha pụta ụwa dị otú ahụ pụrụ iche àgwà ndị dị ka mgbanwe, maneuverability, ala nke na-achịkwa na ngwa ngwa ọzụzụ nke ụgbọelu. Obere helicopters ọma dochie arọ igwe na search na nnapụta arụmọrụ ke ọnọdụ nke agha, na-enye ọgụgụ isi arụmọrụ, nnyefe nke ngwongwo dị iche iche na nzube.

N'okpuru ebe anyị ga-atụle ụfọdụ ìhè ọgụ helicopters nke US Army.

Light ọgụ helikọpta MD 530MG Ọnọ

Engineers na-emepụta nke ụlọ ọrụ McDonnell Douglas, nke bụ flagship nke American ugbo elu, e mere a obere helikọpta 530MG Ọnọ. Nke a na ìhè agha helikopta - onye nke na-egbuke egbuke na-anọchite anya nke ọgụ ugbo ala na ya na klas.

MD 530MG Ọnọ isi nagide ihe aga-eme nke ịdị ọcha helikọpta ike na-ebu ndị njem ke ichekwa ruo asaa ndị na iga ibu ruo 900 n'arọ. Isi ọrụ nke ya agha - ọgụgụ isi na ime iro armored ugbo ala. Iji mepụta ọgụ ọzọ, a fechaa helikọpta na-onwem na mgbochi tank eduzi akụ ụta, isii barreled igwe egbe nkeji nke M-134 na ndị ọzọ na ngwá agha.

Light helikọpta Boeing AH-6 - a novelti na US Army

AH-6 bụ ọhụrụ mmepe na ubi nke ìhè agha helicopters na United States. Nke a ụgbọ ala e kere dabere na nlereanya 369 helikọpta ụlọ ọrụ Hughes Helicopter, nke e mepụtara na 1960.

Helicopter AH-6 na-onwem na ọhụrụ Powertrain na oge a na avionics, mụbara ime payload. Helicopter nwere ike n'ụzọ na a na igwe egbe, akpaka egbe ala, abụọ na ụdị akụ ụta: laser-eduzi ma "ikuku na-ala." Nakwa na Boeing AH-6 arụnyere na ndị ọzọ na ngwá ọrụ ọgbara ọhụrụ, nke enwekwu larịị nke nchekwa na ozi na ọgụ ọnọdụ.

US ìhè ugbo elu

Ke United States, anyị na-enweta a otutu ewu ewu na-ìhè ugbo elu. Na America, e nwere ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ na-enye ndị ahịa a dịgasị iche iche nke obere ụgbọ mmiri, si mfe otu-ugboelu igwe azụmahịa na klas.

Light ụgbọelu na helicopters ịrụ a dịgasị iche iche nke ihe aga-eme na dị oké mkpa na obodo na agha na ngalaba. The nile iji obere ụgbọ mmiri na natara na onwe na ụlọ ọrụ oru. The kasị mara na uka ụdị na a ìhè ugbo elu ụlọ ọrụ ndị na Adam, Cessna, Bombardier na ndị ọzọ.

ọgwụgwụ

N'oge, ìhè ụgbọelu na-aghọ ndị ọzọ na-ewu ewu, n'ihi na ndị nnọchianya ya na-vasatail na-enyere aka na dị iche iche ọrụ. Na a ala egosi ọrụ na-akwụ ụgwọ na ndị magburu onwe maneuverability, n'oge a na ụgbọelu na helicopters ìhè nke ọma dochie ha arọ ogbo, na-adịghị enwe elu arụmọrụ egosi na arụmọrụ nke a ụfọdụ ọnụ ọgụgụ nke nsogbu. Taa, onye nwe ma ọ bụ pilot nke a obere oge a ugbo elu nwere ike ịbụ onye ọ bụla.