Azovskie hiking Peter 1 nkenke

Tupu oge nke Peter ndị Russian akụkọ ihe mere eme ekpe a otutu ha na-edozilighị mkpa, na otu onye n'ime ha - na ọ na-landlocked, kpọrọ-egbochi mmepe nke Russian ala. Moscow Russia anọwo na-abụ a ọgụ na mgba n'elu nwe nke ndịda mbara igwe. Mmepe nke ọ bụla ala na-adabere na-ekwe omume nke na-abanye ụwa ahia arena na ikike na-eduzi a eru mba ọzọ amụma. Enweghị kpọmkwem ịnweta oké osimiri na-efunahụ Russia nke nnukwu ohere.

Ihe mere njem Azov

The mkpa maka inwekwu uto nke ala bilie na nke narị afọ, ndị ji ọchịchị nke akwa Rọbọt Peter 1, na-aghọ isi ọrụ nke consolidating esịtidem ịdị n'otu nke mba ahụ, na-ewusi ndị agha ike ma na-amụba zuru ụwa ọnụ pụtara. Search ụzọ na ụwa na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị arena ada ka-apụghị izere ezere nke ndịda mkpọsa, na-akpọ Azov mkpọsa nke Peter 1. nkenke akọwa ọzọ ihe n'ihi na ha na omume.

Historians na-ekwu na ruo ọtụtụ narị afọ ndị raids nke Crimea Tatars nke Russian ala fọrọ nke nta ka nde mmadụ ise na-chụpụrụ n'ime ohu. The mkpa ebịne obi ichu nta n'ihi na ndị ikom dị ihe ọzọ mere maka mmalite nke ndịda ngagharị mgbasa. E na nkera nke abụọ nke na Asaa narị afọ Chigirinsky hikes Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich na Crimea njem nke Prince Golitsyn emeghị ka kwesịrị ekwesị results, na-ahapụ ajụjụ nke siri ike itie ke Black Sea ala ha na-edozilighị. Ya mere, na-eto eto Peter ike na-elekwasị anya gị niile anya na okwu nke ókè nche na-emepe na ohere ndịda n'oké osimiri, ohere mba ọzọ ibu.

Akasiaha na 1670s agha Turkey na Crimea Russia mere ka a akụkụ nke ike na-ekwu, - òtù nke Christian Coalition. Na 1690s Russia si allies - Poland na Austria - kwubiri nkwekọrịta na Turkey na ọnọdụ ụwa enweghị banyere Russian ọdịmma - ya mere na-ekwu, ihe mere eme. Peter tinye n'ihu choro na ọ kwụsị raids na-ekwe omume nke free igwu Russian nsoro na Azov na Black n'oké osimiri. Ha na-aka site na Turks ọtụtụ afọ. Mkparịta dọkpụụrụ na ruo mgbe 1694. Mgbe ahụ, Pita 1 kpebiri mezuo iwu ịhụ na ọnọdụ nke ike nke ngwá agha.

Ebumnobi bụ isi bụ ebe e wusiri ike nke Azov, emi odude ke inua nke Don na kpochidoro ohere ka Black Sea. Were ya meghere Russian ohere oké osimiri, ka o kwe omume na-ewu agha mmiri na oruru nke na-eche nche maka inwekwu ọgụ. Afọ Azov mkpọsa nke Peter 1, bụ a Watershed na mba akụkọ ihe mere eme.

Atụmatụ maka mbụ mkpọsa

Na ya ji mara obi ike na-eto eto afọ maximalism eto eto eze ukwu na n'oge 1695 ọ mara ọkwa a ibugo onu na Crimea. Ọ bụ nke mbụ Azov mkpọsa nke Peter 1. Iji disorient na ịdọpụ uche uche onye iro dike Azov collection a mara ọkwa na Moscow, mbiba gaa ala esịmde nke Dnieper n'okpuru B. P. Sheremeteva. N'otu oge ahụ, na nzuzo kpụrụ nke iri atọ Azov agha, esịnede n'elu atọ nkewa n'okpuru iwu nke ọchịagha Lefort, Gordon, Golovin, ebe burugodị na ihe karịrị 100 ogbunigwe na 40 arquebuses.

The eze ukwu nọ na-depụtara na Army scorer Petrom Alekseevym. Iwu nke ndị agha na-adịghị lekwasị ke otu aka. Dị mkpa na-mesoo na kansul na mma site Peter 1.

The mkpọsa Azov

Azov mkpọsa nke Peter 1 malitere na 1695. Spring iri puku ndị Vanguard nke Gordon si nkewa, na-elekwasị anya na Tambov, gaa ije Azov. Ọ gara n'ala ịkpa Cherkassy, ebe ọ na sonyeere ndị Don Cossacks. Ebe e wusiri ike nke Azov, emi odude ke ekpe ụlọ akụ nke Don, adịghị anya site ọnụ ya, bụ ihe dị ebube e wusiri ike citadel si n'akụkụ niile.

Ke mbubreyo June, Gordon ruru ihe mgbaru ọsọ kasịnụ, ma ulo-ikwū nso nkera. N'ihi na ọdịda nke isi agha na n'elu Azov Kaysugi osimiri o wuru Mytishevuyu marina. N'otu oge isi agha rutere osimiri nile nke Moscow, na Volga na Oka ka Tsaritsyn, mgbe ahụ, nweekwa na Panshin na soro azụ tinyere Don na Azov, nke chụgara site na nmalite nke July, na-emi odude n'ebe ndịda nke ebe e wusiri ike matịa aka Kagalnik River. Nnọchibido park na mgbọ na-anọ nwa oge echekwara na Mytishevoy pie, nke ghọọ a ụdị isi site na nke ọkọnọ e ulo oru akụ ụta na Army.

Nnọchibido nke tupu nkeji nke Gordon agha na n'oge July na a siri ike bombardment nke ebe e wusiri ike, dị ka a n'ihi nke nke mgbidi ya e merụsịrị mebiri emebi. Ma nọchibido obodo si n'ala nọ si inflow nri na mgbọ oké osimiri. Russian agha na ground, ike nsoro nwere, na gbochie iro ike, na-eme nnọchibido emebeghị ezi mmetụta. The Turks, na-akwado agha nke Crimea Tatars, onye lụrụ ọgụ n'azụ mgbidi nke citadel, mee ihe mgbe sorties.

N'abalị nke July 20, ọtụtụ akụkụ nke ndị agha Peter m kwagara nri akụ nke Don na isi, ewu mgbidi na ejikere ibu agha na ogbunigwe, na-enwe ike ịnọgide na-shelling obodo si n'ebe ugwu. Dị ka nso na ramparts, ndị agha Russia malitere wakpo na August 5. Azov tachiworo. Nnọchibido ahụ were ogologo oge, e kpebiri-ekpeghachi wakpo. Ịkwụsị n'ime obodo site na a obere ida nke a nke m gbawara, ndị agha Gordon na-echi ọnụ n'ala site Turkish agha. The agha dara ọzọ, Turks amanye ndị Russian agha ka izugbe ichighaazu. Azov mkpọsa nke Peter 1, akpan akpan, nke mbụ nke ha, kpughere na-emehie mejọrọ na iwu na management nke ala nke nnọchibido agha.

Nkpà ndọghachi azụ na arọ losses, Pita nyere a mkpebi na nchupu nke nnọchibido: September 28 malitere inapu batrị, ma na October 2, ihe niile ndị agha gaa Moscow.

Ọganihu Sheremetyeva

E ihe na Dnieper Sheremetyeva ọtụtụ dechapụ ilu nke meriri na Azov mkpọsa. O nwere abụọ castles, jiriwo Turks hapụrụ citadel. Ọ bụ ezie na odida na isi ntụziaka nke na-alụ ọgụ na-amanye ndị na-eto eto eze ukwu na-egbu oge ndi agha na ókè-ala Sheremetyev, ya onyinye Azov mkpọsa nke Peter 1 kemgbe bukwanu.

Na-akwadebe maka ọhụrụ mgbasa ozi

N'ịghọta mkpa nke ọbọ ebumnobi na ịtụle ihe ndị na-akpatara ndị ọdịda, Peter 1 malitere ọzụzụ maka ọzọ njem ndịda. Ọ ghọtara na ndabere nke odida nke mkpọsa a bụ enweghị nke nsoro na-aga nke ọma na omume nke agha-ekwe omume nanị na a otu mmekọrịta n'etiti ala agha na agha nsoro, ikike igbochi na-eru nso na Azov oké osimiri, si otú anapụ ya nke replenishment na mpụga enyemaka. Peter Onye Ukwu, n'ọbubu-eze nke jupụtara oké ihe ma nye iwu gaba na-ewu ụgbọ mmiri na nnwogha na Voronezh, o duuru ndị na-ewu.

Ke ukem, guzobere ọhụrụ shelf nke Azov agha, nwere obere mesikwuru Sheremeteva agha agha ka ndi nkiti na ụmụ amaala na-akpọ Cossacks. Iji mee ka elu maka enweghị agha engineering pesonel, Peter gwa ndi-isi nke kemmekorita ekwu, Poland na Austria.

Nke abụọ njem ndịda

Azov mkpọsa nke Peter 1 gara n'ihu. N'oge opupu ihe ubi nke 1696 agha n'okpuru iwu nke Generalissimo A. S. Sheina, esịnede nke nkewa nke ọchịagha Gordon, Golovin na Regemana a ngụkọta bi nke 75 puku ndị a kwadebere maka Nke abụọ Azov mkpọsa. N'oge oyi na-ewu a nsoro, nke were iwu nke Lefort. Ọ gụnyere 2 ụgbọ mmiri, 23 ịkwọ ụgbọ epeepe na 4 ọkụ na-ụgbọ mmiri. Peter 1 ẹkedọhọde collection ebe maka agha Voronezh, ebe nnukwu ndị agha e zubere izipu Azov site n'ala, na ogbunigwe na ndị fọdụrụ njikọ ibufe site mmiri. The bipu mere na Moscow na 8 March na njedebe nke ọnwa, na-elekwasị anya na Voronezh, malitere na loading ụgbọ mmiri na njedebe nke nke isi ndị agha wee na e wusiri ike.

On May 19, ọganihu nkeji nke Gordon si nkewa kwụsị na Novosergievskaya, ubé n'elu Azov. The isi ụgbọ okporo ígwè Russian mmiri ịchịkwa ije nke Turkish nsoro guzo ụzọ. Mgbe ọtụtụ clashes ese Turks agaghị anwa anwa na-ekwu okwu na ndị agha na Ntụle obodo. Ha nsoro n'oké osimiri, na-enweghị eme ihe ọ bụla iji zọpụta citadel. Agha anaghị atụ anya ka re-nnọchibido. Iji a omission, na-abịa ruo na mmalite nke June ndị agha Russia ike mara ụlọikwuu, na-arụ kpamkpam chekwara na-eru nso na malitere wụnye ogbunigwe.

Nnọchibido nke ebe e wusiri ike

Nke abụọ nọchibidoro Azova Petrom m mere ihe ndị ọzọ nke ọma. Ọ bụ ezie na Tartars-agbasasịkwa gafee steppe, oge wakporo besiegers, ma ebe-nguzo nke Azov, kewapụrụ n'èzí ụwa, gbachiteere bụghị nnọọ n'ọrụ. Eduzi mgbidi siri ike Generalissimo Shein. Ụgbọ mmiri nke Akwa Peter ndị na okporo ụzọ, ọ bụ na oké osimiri, na nanị mgbe ụfọdụ kpọkọta na osimiri nyochaa N'ezie nke agha arụmọrụ.

nmepe

The izu abụọ bombardment nke citadel, nke malitere ke ufọt ufọt June, emebeghị chọrọ pụta - na ramparts na mgbidi adịghị natara oké njọ mebiri. Ọ na-ama ahụ chọpụtara ihe ọhụrụ ma irè ngwọta: iru elu karịa ala, na aro, inupụ ya mgbidi na, ebe jupụta okporo mmiri, na-amalite mwakpo. Ọ bụ nnukwu ọrụ. Kwa ụbọchị, ọ na-ewe 15 puku ndị mmadụ: abụọ akụ na-wuru na n'otu oge ahụ, ọdịdị ahụ a chọrọ ka ndị ogbunigwe. Ndị bịara ndị agha gaa agha Austrian ọkachamara - engineer, sappers na ogbunigwe eduzi ọrụ, na-eji ọhụrụ ụzọ nke agha engineering nke oge.

Azov Inweta Peter 1 na 1696

Kpọọ nke Azov mere ngwa ngwa: ke ufọt ufọt July, na ike gwụrụ si a ogologo nnọchibido, na Cossacks ọnụ na Don Cossacks mere a na anya agha na citadel na, ozugbo n'iji akụkụ nke ékpè, na-amanye ndị Turks agbahapụ. Nke a nke ọma kpebiri ikpeazụ pụta agha. N'ihi ya biri na Azov mkpọsa nke Peter 1. nkenke na nnọọ abụrụ ọtụtụ ọma counterattacks, Russian njikọ atọgbọ. Nọchigide na Turks malitere kpakorita chịlie aka elu. July 19 Peter agha banyere Azov.

O siri ike overestimate nke a pụtara mmeri maka Russia na ntà nke eze, bụ onye malitere ịchị obodo mmeri nke mere Azov mkpọsa nke Peter 1. Isiokwu atụnyere ihe ndị mere eme ma mkpọsa na-egosi otú ngwa ngwa na Emperor nyochaa na inwale emehie ihe, otú amamiihe ha gbazie.