Biography nke Mariny Ivanovny Tsvetaevoy. Nti eziokwu

Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna (afọ nke ndụ - 1892-1941) - a ma ama Russian na-ede uri. Ọ bụ nwa nwanyị Tsvetaeva Ivan Vladimirovich (1847-1913), a ọkà mmụta sayensị. N'ihi ya ọrụ e ji ihunanya maximalism, na ojuju nke ndụ kwa ụbọchị, na-aga ibibi ịhụnanya, owu ọmụma ebumnobi. Isi ịnakọta nke na-ede uri - "ịrịba" (1921), nke e bipụtara na 1923. "Nka", "Mgbe Russia" (1928). Ọ e nwekwara guzobere na 1925 a satirical uri na-akpọ "Pied Piper", na-esote - "Uri nke Ọgwụgwụ." Biography nke Mariny Ivanovny Tsvetaevoy ga-atụle n'isiokwu a.

ezinụlọ Tsvetaeva

Tsvetaeva Marina a mụrụ 26 September (ochie style - 8 October) 1892 na Moscow. Nna ya, dị ka anyị ekwuola, bụ a ọkà mmụta sayensị na-pụrụ iche na-mere n'oge ochie, nkà na epigraphy. Ọ bụ ya bụ onye nchoputa na mbụ director (site na 1911 ka 1913), Museum nke Ọma Arts. Alụmdi na nwunye mbụ bụ a dị ezigbo mma prọfesọ, ma mgbe a mụrụ ụmụ abụọ, nwa nwunye ya nwụrụ, na Ivan Tsvetaev nd lụrụ Meri Mayne. Na 1892, 26 September, a ụzọ pụtara nwa agbọghọ na-nwetara aha nke Marina (ie, na "oké osimiri"). Ya mere amalite biography nke Mariny Ivanovny Tsvetaevoy.

Mama m, Meyn Mariya Aleksandrovna, nwụrụ na 1906. Ọ bụ a pianist, a nwa Rubinshteyna A. G. Nwanyị a nwere a nnukwu mmetụta na Marina. Ọ rọrọ na nwa ya nwaanyị ghọkwara a pianist. Otú ọ dị, ụwa nke uri dọtara eto eto Tsvetaeva karịa arụmọrụ nke atụmatụ. Ọzọ afọ isii girl dere amaokwu mbụ. Ma ọ bụghị naanị Russian Marina na-eme, ma na-na French na German. Kama nditịm zụlitere ndinyom (Marina na nwanne ya nwaanyị Anastasia) nne. Ha natara ihe magburu onwe agụmakwụkwọ. Nna nna ọkara-ụmụnna nwoke na ụmụnna nwanyị - na ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere na publicist Ilovajskij ala Rọshịa bụ Dmitri Ivanovich.

Nwata nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu na-ede uri

Biography nke Mariny Ivanovny Tsvetaevoy na afọ ndị mbụ ya akara eziokwu na ọ bụ nwata n'ihi na nke ọrịa nne dịrị ndụ ogologo oge na Germany, Switzerland, Italy. Oge izu na ọzụzụ na-emega ahụ e jupụta na klas na-ebi ebi na ụlọ akwụkwọ na Freiburg na Lausanne. Marina ẹkenịmde aga were were n'ọnụ German na French. O gere ntị na Sorbonne na 1909, French akwụkwọ N'ezie.

Early onwe

Mgbe ọnwụ nke nne na nwa-elekọta da nna ya n'ubu. Ọ nọ na-arụ ọrụ, ya mere ha enweghị ike itinye ya nile oge. Ọ bụ ya mere, ma eleghị anya, ụmụ agbọghọ emewo karịrị ya afọ onwe ha, bịara nwee mmasị n'oge na ọnọdụ ọchịchị na steeti, mmekọrịta na-abụghị mmekọahụ.

Education Marina Tsvetaeva

Na isi ọnwụ nke nne ya na nwata Marina Tsvetaeva gara music ụlọ akwụkwọ, were home music uru. Ma ndị a na-eme mgbe ọnwụ nke Meri n'ihu mmepe nwere bụghị. Marina na nwanne ya nwanyị natara ya bụ isi mmụta n'ụlọ, n'okpuru nduzi nke nne-ya. Na afọ 8-9 afọ, ndị ga-eme n'ọdịnihu na-ede uri gara ọmụmụ ke mgbatị Bryukhonenko Mt, na mgbe ahụ na Switzerland, na Lausanne. Ọ mụrụ na 1903 na a Catholic bi n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, na mgbe ahụ wee mgbe a na ezinụlọ kwagara n'ime a French bi n'ụlọ akwụkwọ. Tsvetaeva iso ya ọmụmụ na Germany, na ọbịa n'ụlọ Freiburg. Ọ na-adị mfe nyere asụsụ, na mgbe ọ na-emekarị akwụ na translation, n'ihi creativity anaghị dịkwuo enwetakwa a na-ede uri, dị ka Marina Tsvetaeva. Biography na poems ya nanị mgbe ọnwụ ya malitere iji kpalie mmasị nke ọtụtụ.

Marina we 1908 na Paris, bụ ebe o dere aha na Sorbonne. N'ebe ahụ, ọ na-ege ntị ka okwu na Old French akwụkwọ.

Mmalite nke edemede ọrụ

Creative biography nke Mariny Ivanovny Tsvetaevoy amalite dị ka ndị a. The mbụ edemede nwere e jikọtara nke dị gburugburu Symbolists nke Moscow. Marina zutere Briusov, nke nwere a oké mmetụta ya n'oge uri, na ndị dị otú na-ede uri dị ka Ellios (Kobylinskiy Lev Lvovich). Ọ abuana ke omume nke klọb na nka, emi odude ke ebipụta ụlọ "Musaget". Ọzọkwa nwere oké mmetụta nka na uri ụwa nke ụlọ (na Crimea), na nkà nkatọ na-ede uri Maximilian Voloshin. Ọ nọrọ na Koktebel ọtụtụ ugboro.

The mbụ collections

Na ya abụọ ịnakọta nke abu "Anyasị Album" (1910) na "The Magic na-ejegharị" (1912), nakwa dị ka e dere na 1914 uri "Witch" ọma nkọwa nke home wares (osise, enyo, Ụlọ Nzukọ Alaeze, na ụmụ), na-agụ, na-eje ije na Boulevard, music, occupations, mmekọrịta ya na nwanne ya nwaanyị na nne simulated edetu nke a na-eto eto schoolgirl. "Anyasị album" raara nye ebe nchekwa nke Mary Bashkirtseva Konstantinovna artist na-elekwasị anya edetu, confessional nghazi. Dị ka e dere na 1921, na uri "On uhie ịnyịnya" udi fabulous ihunanya ballads hụrụ akụkọ nke na-ede uri Ndinam.

n'ihu ọrụ

Raara mmekọrịta Sofey Parnok (nke anyị ka na-agwa), a okirikiri nke poems "enyi nwanyị" pụtara na 1916. N'oge Civil War bịara okirikiri akpọ "Swan Song," nke e raara nye heroism nke na-acha ọcha ojii. E nwere na ọrụ ya nile na poems, na ihunanya iberibe, dị ka "a red ịnyịnya", "Yegorushka", "Tsar Nwata nwaanyị".

Omume na Rodzevich n'ike mmụọ e kere eke nke collections nke "Uri nke Ọgwụgwụ" na "Uri ugwu ahụ." Na Paris, e ikpeazụ ndụ collection of Marina. Ezinụlọ a kpaliri ke 1928 site na Czech Republic. Ọ nọgidere na bipụtara, ma ọtụtụ n'ime ya poems. Marina mere a ndụ tumadi nsụgharị na ihe mgbede.

ọdachi

Nnukwu omimi Efron ezinụlọ (di nke na-ede uri), na Tsvetaeva, gịnị kpaliri ha ime ka Soviet Union ke 1939? Kpụrụ White ojii, Efron, onye lụrụ ọgụ ike megide Bolsheviks, na mberede kwere na mmeri nke ọchịchị Kọmunist. Ọ nwetara azụ na Paris na obodo ịchịkwa NKVD, nke si mesoo nloghachi nke emigrants n'ala nna ha. Na 1937, mbụ wee Moscow Marina Tsvetaeva ada, Ariadne (onye e jidere tupu onye ọ bụla ọzọ). Mgbe na Sergei Efron gbalaga, dị ka ọ na-mie mmekọahụ na NKVD na Paris. Marina na nwa ya soro ya na di ya na njedebe nke na-eme ọrụ nke a na-ahụ n'anya, na nwunye.

The ikpeazụ afọ nke ndụ nke Marina I.

The ihe ndị dechara ya biography. Marina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva nwetara na njide nke ya na di ya na nwa ya nwaanyị na 1939, gbajisịa na-ede uri. Ọ fọdụrụ naanị na nwa-ya George. Na mmekọrịta ya na ya, Mkpughe kwa rapt anya, e weere. Nnọọ nchegbu n'ihi na ndị a nile na-adịbeghị anya, Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna. Brief biography nke ụbọchị ikpeazụ afọ nke ndụ ya kwụsị esonụ a na-egbu egbu omume. August 31, 1941, mgbe a kpọpụrụ na Yelabuga na njikọ na ntiwapụ nke Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, Tsvetaeva kwụgburu onwe ya na Kama River, na nnukwu ọnụ ụlọ ụlọ, nke e ekenyela ha na nwa-ya. Ọ dịghị mgbe a hụrụ n'ili nke Marina Tsvetaeva, n'agbanyeghị mgbalị nke nwanne ya nwaanyị Anastasia, nke e gbanwee na 1959, na nwa ya nwaanyị Ariadne (gbanwee na 1955). Na August 1941, na Moscow, gbagburu Sergei Efron.

Dị otú ahụ bụ a nkenke biography nke Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna.

Uru ihe e kere eke na-ede uri

Anyị nwere mmasị na-ede uri, dị mwute ikwu, mgbe ndụ na-eche maka ude. Ọ na-aga agụụ na-agụ, na recitals na collections deservedly e ekele na ya dịkọrọ ndụ. Ugbu a, Otú ọ dị, Tsvetaeva bụ n'ụzọ ziri ezi onye nke kasị a ma ama na ndị nnọchiteanya nke Russian uri nke Silver Age. Brief biography nke Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna na ya poems na-gụnyere ke n'ụlọ akwụkwọ. Taa ọ bụ nnọọ ewu ewu poems, ndị ọtụtụ n'ime ha na-ama ama romances, setịpụrụ na-music. Ugbu a, ọ bụghị naanị na Russia kamakwa ná mba ọzọ na-arụ na ịhụnanya na ude nke Marina Tsvetaeva. Short biography na English Marina Ivanovna ka ihe atụ, e kere site ọtụtụ ndị. Na Netherlands, na Leiden, ụlọ ya na-emi odude ke mgbidi nke na-dere poems Tsvetaeva (picture egosi n'okpuru).

Nti eziokwu si ndụ nke Tsvetaeva

Personal ndụ nke na-ede uri (ya onwe mere na-amasị okwu, na-akpọ onwe ya na-ede uri) si ya arụ ọrụ nwere ike-adịghị iche. Ya mere, ọ dị mkpa iji na-ekwu banyere ihe ole na ole na-akpali eziokwu nwere akara ndụ ya. Marina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva dere ya kacha mma ọrụ na-na ịhụnanya, na oge nke mmetụta uche ndị siri ahụmahụ.

Ọtụtụ ihe ike akwụkwọ akụkọ nọ Marina nke ndụ, ma naanị ịhụnanya arahụ site dum ndụ nke na-ede uri - bụ Sergei Efron, onye ghọrọ di ya na nna ya na ụmụ ya.

Ewebata ha bụ ihunanya, na Crimea na 1911. Marina, mgbe budding na-ede uri, nọrọ ebe a na òkù Maximilian Voloshin, ezigbo enyi ya.

Sergei Efron na Crimea bịara ịgwọ mgbe oriri, nakwa dị ka na-agbake mgbe igbu onwe nke nne ya. Ugbua na 1912, na January, ha lụrụ. N'otu oge ahụ, Tsvetaeva ada, Ariadne. Otú ọ dị, n'agbanyeghị eziokwu na marina na-nnọọ ekele di ya, 2 afọ mgbe a mụsịrị Ali (a na-akpọ home Ariadne) ọ banye headlong n'ime ọhụrụ akwụkwọ. Na a nwaanyị ahụ, na-ede uri na nsụgharị Sophia Parnok hụrụ n'anya Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna. Brief biography maka ụmụ, n'ezie, adịghị banyere ya. Emecha Kwaa nwetara Efron ahuhu nke nwunye ya, ma gbaghaara. Na 1916, mgbe ọtụtụ esemokwu na reconciliations, Tsvetaeva akpatre hap Parnok we laghachi na ezinụlọ.

Mgbe a ná mma ya na di ya na 1917, Marina mụrụ Irina, nke ghọọ a ndakpọ olileanya maka Tsvetaeva, bụ onye chọrọ a nwa nwoke. Efron abuana ke ije nke na-acha ọcha, buso ndi Bolsheviks, otú ekpe mgbe mgbanwe, Moscow ma gaa n'ebe ndịda, ebe ọ na-abuana ke agbachitere Crimea. Ọ kwaga dị mgbe Denikin agha e mesịrị merie.

Ụmụ abụọ nọrọ Marina Tsvetaeva na Moscow. Nọ n'ụkọ ezinụlọ ma na-ere ihe na-eri. Otú ọ dị, iji zọpụta ndị na-eto nwa, n'agbanyeghị mgbalị nile, ọ pụghị ịbụ a na nne ya. Ira akpa ke a ndo agụụ, ebe ọ nyere Tsvetaeva, na-enwe olileanya na nwa ga-eri mma ebe a.

Marina n'oge nkewa di ya ọbọhọ a ole na ole ọzọ akwụkwọ akụkọ, ma kpebiri na 1922 gaa Sergei Efron ná mba ọzọ. Ugbua ejikọrọ na nwunye gị, Marina oge nke ije biri na Czech Republic zutere Rodzevich, nke ụfọdụ akụkọ ihe mere eme kweere na nna George, na nọworo nwa, a mụrụ na 1925. Ma eze ọ bụ Efron. Ọ ugboro ugboro mesiri Marina Tsvetaeva (biography, na-akpali eziokwu si ndụ nke nke ayi tughariri), nke mesịrị mụọ nwa nwoke, ya na di ya. N'ihi ya, ọ na-ikpe gbapụtara ikpe ọmụma ha na-eche mgbe nwa nwụrụ post-revolutionary Moscow.

Nke a bụ na-ede uri Marina Tsvetaeva. Biography, na-akpali eziokwu si ya ndụ, olileanya, kpaliri ọchịchọ na-agụ ịnọgide maara nke a na-egbuke egbuke nnọchiteanya nke ndị abụ uri nke Silver Age. Na-atụ aro na-agụ ya poems. N'Ezie nkà ọrụ kere Tsvetaeva Marina Ivanovna. Short biography (nke a na-akpọ Silver Age, olileanya na ị na-echeta) e kere iji n'ịwa mmasị na ya na-arụ ọrụ.