Kievan rus: Council of Liubech

Council of Liubech aghọwo ihe dị mkpa merenụ na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Russia. Ọ ẹkenịmde ke 1097. Lyubech oge nke akpọkọta ndị nzuko bụ dị mkpa merenụ na emewo ka mbibi na-awụfu ọbara ofụri ochie Russia.

Ihe mere maka Congress

Ụzọ hụ ndị na-eru nso ọpụpụ na ndị ọzọ ụwa, Kiev Prince Yaroslav ekewa ya nnukwu nwe n'ime obere isi. Dị ka iji nke nējide onwe-nne na nna, onye ọ bụla nke nwoke nketa guzoro ketara ụfọdụ nke ike, na-akpọ Kievan rus. Lyubech isi Congress ga gbochie nkewa nke ala n'etiti ndị nketa.

Ọkpara aha ya bụ Izyaslav, n'ezie, je-isi obodo - Kiev. The ike nke ọnụ nke afọ ketara ndị a ala: n'ala, nọdụ ala na Chernigov Svyatoslav on Pereyaslavlskoy - Vsevolod nke Smolensk - Vyacheslav, Vladimir-Volyn - Igor. Dị ka N'ezie nke ụdi ihe, nke a na-adịghị ahụ ụzọ nke ọma na mkpebi nke Yaroslav Mudry kpasue feudal fragmentation.

The nmalite ise-okwu

Dị ka ọ na-adịkarị, na-eto eto na ụmụ ụmụ, kwa, malitere-ekwu na ha òkè nke ihe nketa grandfathers. Time of Nsogbu mmetụta na nkiti bi, na-eweta ya ihe iru uju na-ata ahụhụ.

Titbit bụ isi obodo nke Kievan rus ', ya mere, na-agha ghọrọ Grand Duke ebekpo. Kiev bi na-adịghị amasị ọhụrụ onye na-achị, nke nwere ike iji tụnyere nna ya. Ọbụna mgbe nke abụọ na-anwa Izyaslav okpu naputa ebekpo - gbochiri ụmụnne. Prince-n'agha nwere achọ ebe mgbaba na ha gbara agbata obi Poland, ebe ọ na-eche ọnwụ nke Svyatoslav ọzọ laghachi Kiev.

Mgbe Izyaslav ọdụ n'ocheeze nke Kiev Vsevolod, onye ibido gara Pereyaslavl. Ya na mgbalị ọkpara, ọdịnihu Vladimir Monomakh guzosie ike ma na Chernigov. The iso mgba maka ocheeze ahụ kpatara n'etiti ndị nketa nke Svyatoslav na Vsevolod. Council of Liubech mkpa ugbua na oge a, n'ihi na ndị ikwu ike n'udo adị.

Na 1093, mgbe ọnwụ nke Vsevolod na Kiev ihe gbasara onye isi na-aga site na nwa-ya, a nkọ na gbochiri Vladimir Monomakh. Iji gbochie enweghị isi na-awụfu ọbara Monomakh ma amịghịkwa ebe nke nsọpụrụ na nwa nwanne nna Svyatopolk nwa Izyaslav. Ụmụ Prince Svyatoslav choro na-enye ha ihe ndị ruuru, na-akpa nkata ka napụrụ ike si Monomakh, bụ onye chịrị na Chernihiv.

Ọnọdụ njọ mgbe a ìhè n'aka nke Prince Oleg Svyatoslavich na internecine esemokwu e abuana Polovtsy. Vladimir Monomakh, onye furu efu ndị ikwu ha Chernihiv, mgbe ha laghachiri Pereyaslavl haziri ahazi na-eguzogide Polovtsian-akwagharị akwagharị.

Mbọ iji kwụsị mpụ eme nke ụfọdụ isi

Vladimir Monomakh na Svyatopolk II of Kiev na 1096 kpebiri-arụ ọrụ ọnụ gwụsịa arbitrariness Polovtsian. Ha na-akpọ na-esonyere ndị otu Oleg Sviatoslavovych. Otú ọ dị, ọ jụrụ ndị na-enye na emeghị deign isonye na vserusskom isi Congress, ebe ọ bụ na-abụrịrị na nkwekọrịta na iji n'ike. Kiev na pereyaslavlskomu na Volyn isi kpebiri ahụhụ ahụ mejọrọ, onye zoro Starodub. Oleg, ejide, dị ka ha na-ekwu, na a akuku, were a udo amaghị ụmụnna. Solution Lyubech Congress n'ọdịnihu ga-enyere onye ọ bụla isi na-akpa àgwà n'udo ma ùgwù.

Maka nmehie nile nke Oleg sochiri a ugwo nke ịnọ n'ụkọ nke Chernigov ihe gbasara onye isi na oku na-aga ka a n'ozuzu nzukọ ha. Ike ike atụmatụ wee awry. Ọ hụrụ na o megide fọrọ nke nta niile ndị ikwu, ọ bụghị nanị na weghaara Novgorod, ma hapụrụ weghaara Moore, Suzdal na Rostov. N'oge a, Oleg ka kwere na ọ ga-gaa na Council of Liubech isi.

Council of Liubech

The ebe mgbakọ nke ama Congress họrọ obodo Ljubech ebe nso Dnieper River bụ nna nna nnukwu ụlọ Vladimira Monomaha. Otu n'ime ihe ndị ọbịa ugbu a na Council of Liubech kasị magburu onwe isi Russia, gụnyere ụmụ Yaroslava Mudrogo - ụmụ ụmụ. Lyubech Congress haziri, nọgidere mkpebi ndị dị mkpa.

I nwere ike mata ndị na-esonụ ihe na ụdị ihe:

1. The isi mkpebi nke nzuko, ẹkenịmde ke 1097, bụ na ndị isi niile nke ụdị Rurik kwetara n'etiti onwe ha ịmata ikike nna nna ala, ma ọ bụ, dị ka The Chronicle kwuru :. "Ma, ka onye ọ bụla na-nna nna ya"
2. Ọ bụrụ na onye na-emegide iwu na nkwekọrịta na a nwaa n'ụwa nwanna nwoke ma ọ onye ọzọ si n'ezinụlọ, ọ ga-atụle a omekome. Ka ịkwụsị ọ ga-achọkwa agha fọdụrụ isi.
3. Kwetara jikotara aka wee chebe megide na-awagharị awagharị, mee ihe mgbe forays n'ime Russia.
4. Tọrọ ntọala otu n'ime ndị isi ụkpụrụ nke a nnukwu feudal tenure: ihe-nketa nke nna-ya, nwa-isi nke ụwa. Council of Liubech ga-akwụsị ndị na-awụfu ọbara na ike siiri.

Cross isutụ onwe ha ọnụ nzukọ sonyere nwere ihe àmà nke mkpebi siri ike ka nditịm mejuputa mkpebi weere.

WepuÚ Dolobskom ọdọ. Results nke ma mgbakọ

Otú ọ dị, ụwa n'etiti ndị ikwu ya adịteghị. Ọ na-eje ozi dị ka mmalite nke a ọhụrụ ife nke na-ekpu ìsì Vasilka Rostislavovicha nke mere Svyatopolk na David Igorevich.

Ya mere, afọ ise mgbe e mesịrị, ndị isi bịara na-anakọta otu ugboro ọzọ, kama na Dolobskom ọdọ. Pụta nke nzuko bụ na n'otu agha, ada Vladimirom Monomahom, ndị dịtụ mfe mebiri Polovtsy, ma dị mwute ikwu, Kievan rus 'ike kwụsị esemokwu na-aghọ a monolithic ala. Pụtara Lyubech Congress nwere ike ịbụ ihe dị mkpa, na ndi-isi ike na-adị n'udo.