Kiev ihe gbasara onye isi

Kiev ihe gbasara onye isi - onye kpụrụ si ida nke Kievan rus okpueze ala. Mgbe ọnwụ nke Prince Yaroslava Mudrogo na n'etiti XI narị afọ ihe gbasara onye isi ikewapụ a mmalite na 30th afọ nke XII narị afọ ọ ghọrọ nnọọ onwe ha.

Ya n'ókèala ekpuchi Drevlyane nna nna ala na ala ahịhịa juru nke Dnieper River na ya tributaries (grouse, Pripyat, Irpen na ros). Ọ na-agụnye a akụkụ nke ekpe ụlọ akụ nke Dnieper n'ihu Kiev. All a nke oge a ala Kyiv na Zhytomyr na mpaghara nke Ukraine na ndịda nke ndị Gomel region of Belarus. Nọ n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ, na ihe gbasara onye isi n'ókè Pereyaslavl na Chernigov ihe gbasara onye isi n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ - na Vladimir-Volyn, n'ebe ndịda ya abuts na Polovtsian steppe.

N'ihi na nwayọọ idụhe na tụụrụ ala ebe a agriculture mepụtara ngwa ngwa. Ọzọkwa bi n'ala nka ala na-arụsi ehi ozuzu, ịchụ nta, azu na ịkpa aṅụ. Early ezu ebe a na ọ mere crafts ọpụrụiche. Of otu dị mkpa enwetara "drevodelie", akpụkpọ anụ na ite ụrọ. Ego ekwe ịzụlite ígwè ibe ya bụrụ nka.

Ihe dị mkpa bụ na na Kiev ihe gbasara onye isi bụ a ụzọ "si Vikings ndị Gris" (site na Alaeze Ukwu Byzantium na Baltic Oké Osimiri). Ya mere, na Kiev n'oge akpa oyi akwa kpụrụ ahịa na ndị na omenkà.

Site IX ka X narị afọ, ala a na-a akụkụ nke Old Russian ala. N'oge ọchịchị nke Vladimir, ha ghọkwara ntọala nke a isi domain, na Kiev - chọọchị center nke niile Russia. Ọ bụ ezie na Prince of Kiev, agaghịkwa bụ ihe kasị nwe ala nile, ma e de facto isi nke feudal hierarchy, ọ na-ewere a "agadi" na mmekọrita ndị isi ndị ọzọ. Ọ bụ center nke oge ochie alaeze, nke na-lekwasị gburugburu ike nke nketa.

Otú ọ dị, ọnọdụ a bụ ma nke oma n'akụkụ. Nnọọ anya na Kiev ala ghọrọ ihe a na-ufiop ọgụ dị n'etiti dị iche iche alaka nke ndị Rurik usoro ndị eze. Agha bụ ihe dị ike na Kievan boyars na n'elu ahia na crafts ndị mmadụ.

Ruo mgbe 1139 na Kiev ocheeze nọdụ Monomakhich: mgbe Mstislava Velikogo wee ike, nwanne ya nwoke Jaropolk (1132-1139), na mgbe ahụ na Vyacheslav (1139). Mgbe ahụ, na oche-eze ebe ya ike weghaara Chernigov Prince Vsevoloda Olgovicha. Olegoviches eze nnọọ adịteghị. Na 1146, ike ebe Izyaslav Mstislavich (Monomakhich nnọchiteanya). Na 1154 ọ nọ na-weghaara Suzdal alaka Monomakhich (Yuri Dolgoruky bụ na Kiev ocheeze ruo ọnwụ ya na 1157). Ọzọ ike mgbe ebe Olgovich, na 1159 laghachi Mstislavovitch.

Ugbua site n'etiti XII narị afọ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị dị mkpa, nke ruo mgbe ahụ nwere ihe gbasara onye isi nke Kiev, malitere ibelata. N'otu oge ahụ, ọ were ida n'ime fiefdoms. Site 1170 nke afọ esesịn a ekenyela Kotelnicheskoye, Belgorod, Trepolskoe, Vyshgorod, Torchesk, Kanev na Dorogobuzhskaya ihe gbasara onye isi. Kiev agaghịkwa na-egwu ọrụ nke center nke Russian ala. N'otu oge Vladimir na Galicia-Volyn eme mgbalị nile iji nọrọ n'okpuru Kiev. Site n'oge ruo n'oge, ha na-eme ya, na na Kiev ocheeze ha puppets.

Na 1240 na ihe gbasara onye isi nke Kiev bụ n'okpuru ike nke Batu. Ná mmalite December, mgbe ụbọchị itoolu nke sikwara ike njite-eguzogide, O wee jide na-echi ọnụ n'ala Kiev. Ihe gbasara onye isi e bibiri ebibi, na-agbake mgbe na na-emezughị. Ebe ọ bụ na 1240s Kiev bụ na anụmanụ na ọrụ nke Vladimir isi (Aleksandra Nevskogo, mgbe ahụ, Jaroslav laroslavich). Na 1299 na Kiev ọ zigara Vladimir mepere ngalaba.

Nkera nke mbụ nke narị afọ nke 14, ndị ihe gbasara onye isi e ebelatawo ókè. Ya mere, ọ bụrụ na ihe nke a Lithuanian ịchọ okwu. Na 1362 mgbe Prince Algirdas ala a ghọrọ akụkụ nke Grand Duchy nke Lithuania.