Management ozizi

Management - bụ a ọkachamara ọrụ iji na-ọbọ ya ihe mgbaru ọsọ na iji ezigbo ojiji nke ụmụ mmadụ na ihe onwunwe na ndabere nke ụkpụrụ, ụzọ na ọrụ nke akụ na ụba usoro nke management Ozizi.

Na isi, nke a okwu bụ otu okwu "management". Otú ọ dị, "management" bụ a mkpafa echiche na-emetụta nanị management nke dị iche iche na-elekọta mmadụ na aku na uba na Filiks gafee enterprise ma ọ bụ nzukọ. Echiche a na-agụnye:

• ahịa na ịkọ ahịa ọnọdụ;
• Nlụpụta nke ngwongwo na di ntakiri na-eri na kacha uru site ha ire;
• analysis nke ọmụma na a plan iji nweta ihe bu n'obi nzube;
• mmadụ akụ management, nke na-agụnye ihe ọmụma bụ isi nke akparamàgwà na sociology.

Isi nkà nke a mụrụ manager bụ ikike merie ihe ịma aka. Na a obere ụlọ ọrụ njikwa ọrụ ejikari rụrụ site director onwe ya. Ma ọ bụrụ na ike esịmde a na-ajụ na nnukwu size, ọ ga-abịa na-enyere ndị manager (manager, onye nhazi, manager). Na mgbe ọ na-eme na ọ bụ n'ihi na ha nkà manager doziri ọtụtụ nsogbu ọbụna karịa onye nduzi.

Management Ozizi - na sayensị nke ụzọ na ụkpụrụ nke ndị dị otú management. N'ihi na a mma nghọta nke a na nkà mmụta sayensị ịdọ aka ná ntị bụ bara uru na-atụle ya akụkọ development. Evolution of management Ozizi malitere ihe karịrị otu narị afọ gara aga. Anyị nwere ike ịmata ihe dị iche 5 isi ụlọ akwụkwọ kpụrụ management chere:

• The akwụkwọ na-elekwasị anya na nkà mmụta sayensị management ụzọ (na 1885. Of 1920).

• Classical School (1920 - 1950 gg.).

• School, mụọ mmetụta nke mmadụ na ibe (na n'afọ 1930. Of 1950).

• Behavioral School, a makwaara dị ka akwụkwọ nke Behavioral Sciences (ebe 1950. Ruo taa).

• School of Mathematical na quantitative obibia (na 1950. Ugbu a).

Na isi nke nkà mmụta sayensị na management akwụkwọ dabeere na ụkpụrụ na echiche Frederika Teylora. Nke a ozizi management-akwụ oké anya na nkà mmụta sayensị ọmụmụ nke ọ bụla ụdị ọrụ, iche iche nke oru na iwebata esi ugwo usoro. Taylor chere na site na iji chọpụtara, mmesho, mgbagha, ike budata melite ọrụ ntuziaka oru. Ọzọ maara nke ọma na-anọchite anya nke a na-emekarị bụ Henry Gantt, nwunye Lillian na Frank Gilbreth.

The nchoputa nke oge gboo akwụkwọ ghọrọ Henri Fayol. Nnọchianya ya maka oge mbụ iche na management nke mmepụta, ọ pụta ìhè na ọ dị ka a dị iche iche ọrụ. Nke a management ozizi na-elekwasị anya mma na mmepe nke ụkpụrụ nke azụmahịa management nke mkpokọta usoro. A. Fayolle mepụtara 14 eluigwe na ala ụkpụrụ nke management, na Weber chepụtara ntọala n'usoro iwu obibia management.

Ozizi nke "mmekọrịta ụmụ mmadụ" aghọwo isi nkuku nke ọzọ Management School - ụlọ akwụkwọ na nzukọ na ajụjụ dị ka a kpọmkwem "na-elekọta mmadụ usoro." The founders nke akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ a (Elton Mayo, Abraham Maslow, Fritz Roethlisberger) kwuru na ọrụ na-arụpụtakwu na-enwe mmetụta ụmụ mmadụ mkpa. Dị ka ha, manịja kwesịrị ịgba mbọ na n'ịgba-edu ndú na-emeri "ihu ọma nke ndị mmadụ."

N'ụzọ dị iche na-akwado echiche nke ụlọ akwụkwọ nke mmekọrịta ụmụ mmadụ, nke lekwasịrị anya ná mkpa nke ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu, ndị nnọchiteanya nke behaviourist akwụkwọ (F. Herzberg, C. Argyris, D. McGregor, R. Laynkert) tụlee ma na-amụ na omume nke na ndị mmadụ na otu, ma anụmanụ na n'ịgba. Abụọ a na ụlọ akwụkwọ mepụtara chepụtara nke mkpali na management.

The mgbakọ na mwepụ akwụkwọ oru bụ a kpọmkwem ihe ezi uche usoro na ike ga-kọwara na kwekọrọ ekwekọ mgbakọ na mwepụ nlereanya. Ya mere, na-elekwasị anya bụ na akụ na ụba na mgbakọ na mwepụ ụzọ, ojiji nke ọnụ ọgụgụ na kọmputa management nke nzukọ. Otu n'ime ihe ndị founders nke akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ a kasị mara Smoi G., D. Woodward, J. March, Mr. Ackoff, H. Lowry, D. Thompson.

Mmekọrịta nke n'elu ụlọ akwụkwọ na-eduga ná e kere eke nke ukwuu oru oma management. Onye ọ bụla direction akara eriri ka filaments, nke na-nwere njikọ chiri anya na onye ọ bụla ọzọ, na-eke ndị kasị elu ike. Modern management ozizi nke etinye obi gị dum na-aga n'ihu ime ka na ịzụlite nke kacha mma rụzuru na echiche nke ọ bụla akwụkwọ.